http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=Cmcknight9Physics Book - User contributions [en]2026-04-29T01:20:15ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.42.7http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Resistivity&diff=7884Resistivity2015-12-02T05:54:58Z<p>Cmcknight9: </p>
<hr />
<div>Resistivity is the measure of how difficult it is for a current to pass through a certain material at a certain temperature.<br />
<br />
This quantity often measured in ohms per meter or <math>(\frac{Volts}{Amps\ Meter})</math> is used to determine the resistance of a given conductor. Resistivity of an object is almost solely dependent on two factors, temperature and material. Resistivity unlike resistance is independent of the size or shape of a material.<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
Resistivity is in its most basic form a constant for each material that says how easy it is for a current to pass through a given material. Some materials will more easily allow currents to pass through them. For instance it is almost twice as easy to have a current pass through copper as it is for it to pass through aluminum. This explains why most wires are made out of copper instead of aluminum.<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
Resistance is often calculate from resistivity using the following equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> where R is the resistance <math>\rho</math> is the resistivity L is the length and A is the cross-sectional area.<br />
<br />
In a circuit the Electrical Resistance is then often used to calculate the current in a circuit using the following equation Ohm's law <math>I = \frac{|\Delta V|}{R} </math> where '''V''' is the voltage and '''I''' is the current and '''R''' is the resistance. In this equations voltage and resistance are independent variables and Current is the dependant variable. This law, while useful, only works for certain resistors called ohmic resistors.<br />
<br />
===Water Analogy===<br />
The relationship between resistivity and resitance can often be though of as a series of pipes. Electrical Resistance in a particular material is like pipes of varying diameter. The larger the pipe the easier it is for water to get through. The resitivity of the "pipes" never changes. What does change is the cross sectional area making it easier for "water" to pass through.<br />
<br />
[[File:Thickness.gif]]<br />
<br />
===Resistivity of Materials===<br />
Every conductor has a natural resistivity that it relatively consistent at a given temperature. This number is calculated through experimentation. Here is a list of common conductors and their resistivity.<br />
<br />
[[File:Resistivity.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Temperature===<br />
In addition to each material having a different resistivity. The same materials at different temperatures have different resistivities. As materials heat up it becomes harder and harder for current to pass through them. This is because at the sub-atomic level. The nuclei are moving faster making it harder for electrons to move through.<br />
<br />
[[File:TemperatureHot.gif]] [[File:TemperatureCold.gif]]<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
3 examples of potential problems involving resistivity and resistance.<br />
<br />
===Simple===<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
An unknown ohmic resistor is attached to a 3V battery and the current is measured at 1 amp. Calculate the resistance of the unknown resistor.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
Using the equation I=|dV|/R we can substitute is 1 for I and 3 for dV leaving us with the equation 1=3/R. Solving for R we come to the answer that the it must be a 3 ohm resistor.<br />
<br />
===Middling===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A cylinder of an unknown material has a resistance of 30 ohms. Another cylinder made of the exact same material is twice as long and has a radius that is twice as large. What is the resistance of this cylinder.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
Given the equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> we know that when the length is doubled the resistance must also double. In addition we know that when the radius is doubled, the cross section area must go up by a factor of 4. This means that the resistance would go down by a factor of 1/4. Putting both of those facts together know that R2 = R1 * 2 * 1/4 or R2 = 15 ohms.<br />
<br />
===Difficult===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A battery and resistor circuit is connected to a very sensitive ohmmeter is taken outside and left in the sun on a very hot day. what if anything will happen to its reading after being outside for a few minutes and why. Assume the battery is unaffected.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
The current would be less that it was inside. Since the circuit was taken outside the resistor would heat up due to the sun. This would in turn cause its resistance to go up. When the resistance goes up and the voltage of the battery stays the same. due to Ohms Law the current must go down, resulting in a lower reading.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
Resistivity is very important electrical engineers and others who work with circuits because it is important to understand how a circuit is going to work when outside of laboratory conditions. Users will expect their circuits to work the same whether in a cool air conditioned room or when exposed to extreme temperatures and Electrical Engineers must understand resistivity to know how it will react.<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<br />
*[[Ohm's Law]]<br />
*[[Thin and Thick Wires]]<br />
*[[Current]]<br />
<br />
===Further reading===<br />
<br />
1. Matter and Interactions by Ruth Chabay and Bruce Sherwood<br />
<br />
===External links===<br />
<br />
Helpful Links<br />
<br />
1. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/resis.html<br />
<br />
2. http://www.britannica.com/technology/resistance-electronics<br />
<br />
3. http://www.cleanroom.byu.edu/Resistivities.phtml<br />
<br />
4. http://www.nist.gov/data/PDFfiles/jpcrd155.pdf<br />
<br />
5. http://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/physics/phys03/bresist/default.htm<br />
<br />
Helpful Videos<br />
<br />
1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-PJcj1TCf_g<br />
<br />
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J4Vq-xHqUo8<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
1. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/resis.html<br />
<br />
2. http://www.britannica.com/technology/resistance-electronics<br />
<br />
3. http://www.nist.gov/data/PDFfiles/jpcrd155.pdf<br />
<br />
4. http://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/physics/phys03/bresist/default.htm<br />
<br />
5. http://forums.extremeoverclocking.com/showthread.php?p=4144637<br />
<br />
[[Category:Simple Circuits]]</div>Cmcknight9http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Resistivity&diff=7879Resistivity2015-12-02T05:48:54Z<p>Cmcknight9: </p>
<hr />
<div>Resistivity is the measure of how difficult it is for a current to pass through a certain material at a certain temperature.<br />
<br />
This quantity often measured in ohms per meter or <math>(\frac{Volts}{Amps\ Meter})</math> is used to determine the resistance of a given conductor. Resistivity of an object is almost solely dependent on two factors, temperature and material. Resistivity unlike resistance is independent of the size or shape of a material.<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
Resistivity is in its most basic form a constant for each material that says how easy it is for a current to pass through a given material. Some materials will more easily allow currents to pass through them. For instance it is almost twice as easy to have a current pass through copper as it is for it to pass through aluminum. This explains why most wires are made out of copper instead of aluminum.<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
Resistance is often calculate from resistivity using the following equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> where R is the resistance <math>\rho</math> is the resistivity L is the length and A is the cross-sectional area.<br />
<br />
In a circuit the Electrical Resistance is then often used to calculate the current in a circuit using the following equation Ohm's law <math>I = \frac{|\Delta V|}{R} </math> where '''V''' is the voltage and '''I''' is the current and '''R''' is the resistance. In this equations voltage and resistance are independent variables and Current is the dependant variable. This law, while useful, only works for certain resistors called ohmic resistors.<br />
<br />
===Water Analogy===<br />
The relationship between resistivity and resitance can often be though of as a series of pipes. Electrical Resistance in a particular material is like pipes of varying diameter. The larger the pipe the easier it is for water to get through. The resitivity of the "pipes" never changes. What does change is the cross sectional area making it easier for "water" to pass through.<br />
<br />
[[File:Thickness.gif]]<br />
<br />
===Resistivity of Materials===<br />
Every conductor has a natural resistivity that it relatively consistent at a given temperature. This number is calculated through experimentation. Here is a list of common conductors and their resistivity.<br />
<br />
[[File:Resistivity.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Temperature===<br />
In addition to each material having a different resistivity. The same materials at different temperatures have different resistivities. As materials heat up it becomes harder and harder for current to pass through them. This is because at the sub-atomic level. The nuclei are moving faster making it harder for electrons to move through.<br />
<br />
[[File:TemperatureHot.gif]] [[File:TemperatureCold.gif]]<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
3 examples of potential problems involving resistivity and resistance.<br />
<br />
===Simple===<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
An unknown ohmic resistor is attached to a 3V battery and the current is measured at 1 amp. Calculate the resistance of the unknown resistor.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
Using the equation I=|dV|/R we can substitute is 1 for I and 3 for dV leaving us with the equation 1=3/R. Solving for R we come to the answer that the it must be a 3 ohm resistor.<br />
<br />
===Middling===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A cylinder of an unknown material has a resistance of 30 ohms. Another cylinder made of the exact same material is twice as long and has a radius that is twice as large. What is the resistance of this cylinder.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
Given the equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> we know that when the length is doubled the resistance must also double. In addition we know that when the radius is doubled, the cross section area must go up by a factor of 4. This means that the resistance would go down by a factor of 1/4. Putting both of those facts together know that R2 = R1 * 2 * 1/4 or R2 = 15 ohms.<br />
<br />
===Difficult===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A battery and resistor circuit is connected to a very sensitive ohmmeter is taken outside and left in the sun on a very hot day. what if anything will happen to its reading after being outside for a few minutes and why. Assume the battery is unaffected.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
The current would be less that it was inside. Since the circuit was taken outside the resistor would heat up due to the sun. This would in turn cause its resistance to go up. When the resistance goes up and the voltage of the battery stays the same. due to Ohms Law the current must go down, resulting in a lower reading.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
Resistivity is very important electrical engineers and others who work with circuits because it is important to understand how a circuit is going to work when outside of laboratory conditions. Users will expect their circuits to work the same whether in a cool air conditioned room or when exposed to extreme temperatures and Electrical Engineers must understand resistivity to know how it will react.<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<br />
*[[Ohm's Law]]<br />
*[[Thin and Thick Wires]]<br />
*[[Current]]<br />
<br />
===Further reading===<br />
<br />
1. Matter and Interactions by Ruth Chabay and Bruce Sherwood<br />
<br />
===External links===<br />
<br />
Helpful Links<br />
<br />
1. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/resis.html<br />
<br />
2. http://www.britannica.com/technology/resistance-electronics<br />
<br />
3. http://www.cleanroom.byu.edu/Resistivities.phtml<br />
<br />
4. http://www.nist.gov/data/PDFfiles/jpcrd155.pdf<br />
<br />
5. http://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/physics/phys03/bresist/default.htm<br />
<br />
Helpful Videos<br />
<br />
1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-PJcj1TCf_g<br />
<br />
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J4Vq-xHqUo8<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
1. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/resis.html<br />
<br />
2. http://www.britannica.com/technology/resistance-electronics<br />
<br />
3. http://www.cleanroom.byu.edu/Resistivities.phtml<br />
<br />
4. http://www.nist.gov/data/PDFfiles/jpcrd155.pdf<br />
<br />
5. http://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/physics/phys03/bresist/default.htm<br />
<br />
6. http://forums.extremeoverclocking.com/showthread.php?p=4144637<br />
<br />
[[Category:Simple Circuits]]</div>Cmcknight9http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Resistivity&diff=7878Resistivity2015-12-02T05:48:01Z<p>Cmcknight9: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>Resistivity is the measure of how difficult it is for a current to pass through a certain material at a certain temperature.<br />
<br />
This quantity often measured in ohms per meter or <math>(\frac{Volts}{Amps\ Meter})</math> is used to determine the resistance of a given conductor. Resistivity of an object is almost solely dependent on two factors, temperature and material. Resistivity unlike resistance is independent of the size or shape of a material.<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
Resistivity is in its most basic form a constant for each material that says how easy it is for a current to pass through a given material. Some materials will more easily allow currents to pass through them. For instance it is almost twice as easy to have a current pass through copper as it is for it to pass through aluminum. This explains why most wires are made out of copper instead of aluminum.<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
Resistance is often calculate from resistivity using the following equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> where R is the resistance <math>\rho</math> is the resistivity L is the length and A is the cross-sectional area.<br />
<br />
In a circuit the Electrical Resistance is then often used to calculate the current in a circuit using the following equation Ohm's law <math>I = \frac{|\Delta V|}{R} </math> where '''V''' is the voltage and '''I''' is the current and '''R''' is the resistance. In this equations voltage and resistance are independent variables and Current is the dependant variable. This law, while useful, only works for certain resistors called ohmic resistors.<br />
<br />
===Water Analogy===<br />
The relationship between resistivity and resitance can often be though of as a series of pipes. Electrical Resistance in a particular material is like pipes of varying diameter. The larger the pipe the easier it is for water to get through. The resitivity of the "pipes" never changes. What does change is the cross sectional area making it easier for "water" to pass through.<br />
<br />
[[File:Thickness.gif]]<br />
<br />
===Resistivity of Materials===<br />
Every conductor has a natural resistivity that it relatively consistent at a given temperature. This number is calculated through experimentation. Here is a list of common conductors and their resistivity.<br />
<br />
[[File:Resistivity.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Temperature===<br />
In addition to each material having a different resistivity. The same materials at different temperatures have different resistivities. As materials heat up it becomes harder and harder for current to pass through them. This is because at the sub-atomic level. The nuclei are moving faster making it harder for electrons to move through.<br />
<br />
[[File:TemperatureHot.gif]] [[File:TemperatureCold.gif]]<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
3 examples of potential problems involving resistivity and resistance.<br />
<br />
===Simple===<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
An unknown ohmic resistor is attached to a 3V battery and the current is measured at 1 amp. Calculate the resistance of the unknown resistor.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
Using the equation I=|dV|/R we can substitute is 1 for I and 3 for dV leaving us with the equation 1=3/R. Solving for R we come to the answer that the it must be a 3 ohm resistor.<br />
<br />
===Middling===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A cylinder of an unknown material has a resistance of 30 ohms. Another cylinder made of the exact same material is twice as long and has a radius that is twice as large. What is the resistance of this cylinder.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
Given the equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> we know that when the length is doubled the resistance must also double. In addition we know that when the radius is doubled, the cross section area must go up by a factor of 4. This means that the resistance would go down by a factor of 1/4. Putting both of those facts together know that R2 = R1 * 2 * 1/4 or R2 = 15 ohms.<br />
<br />
===Difficult===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A battery and resistor circuit is connected to a very sensitive ohmmeter is taken outside and left in the sun on a very hot day. what if anything will happen to its reading after being outside for a few minutes and why. Assume the battery is unaffected.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
The current would be less that it was inside. Since the circuit was taken outside the resistor would heat up due to the sun. This would in turn cause its resistance to go up. When the resistance goes up and the voltage of the battery stays the same. due to Ohms Law the current must go down, resulting in a lower reading.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
Resistivity is very important electrical engineers and others who work with circuits because it is important to understand how a circuit is going to work when outside of laboratory conditions. Users will expect their circuits to work the same whether in a cool air conditioned room or when exposed to extreme temperatures and Electrical Engineers must understand resistivity to know how it will react.<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<br />
*[[Ohm's Law]]<br />
*[[Thin and Thick Wires]]<br />
*[[Current]]<br />
<br />
===Further reading===<br />
<br />
1. Matter and Interactions by Ruth Chabay and Bruce Sherwood<br />
<br />
===External links===<br />
<br />
Helpful Links<br />
<br />
1. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/resis.html<br />
<br />
2. http://www.britannica.com/technology/resistance-electronics<br />
<br />
3. http://www.cleanroom.byu.edu/Resistivities.phtml<br />
<br />
4. http://www.nist.gov/data/PDFfiles/jpcrd155.pdf<br />
<br />
5. http://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/physics/phys03/bresist/default.htm<br />
<br />
Helpful Videos<br />
<br />
1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-PJcj1TCf_g<br />
<br />
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J4Vq-xHqUo8<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
1. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/resis.html<br />
<br />
2. http://www.britannica.com/technology/resistance-electronics<br />
<br />
3. http://www.cleanroom.byu.edu/Resistivities.phtml<br />
<br />
4. http://www.nist.gov/data/PDFfiles/jpcrd155.pdf<br />
<br />
5. http://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/physics/phys03/bresist/default.htm<br />
<br />
6. http://forums.extremeoverclocking.com/showthread.php?p=4144637<br />
<br />
[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>Cmcknight9http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Resistivity&diff=7876Resistivity2015-12-02T05:46:33Z<p>Cmcknight9: /* References */</p>
<hr />
<div>Resistivity is the measure of how difficult it is for a current to pass through a certain material at a certain temperature.<br />
<br />
This quantity often measured in ohms per meter or <math>(\frac{Volts}{Amps\ Meter})</math> is used to determine the resistance of a given conductor. Resistivity of an object is almost solely dependent on two factors, temperature and material. Resistivity unlike resistance is independent of the size or shape of a material.<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
Resistivity is in its most basic form a constant for each material that says how easy it is for a current to pass through a given material. Some materials will more easily allow currents to pass through them. For instance it is almost twice as easy to have a current pass through copper as it is for it to pass through aluminum. This explains why most wires are made out of copper instead of aluminum.<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
Resistance is often calculate from resistivity using the following equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> where R is the resistance <math>\rho</math> is the resistivity L is the length and A is the cross-sectional area.<br />
<br />
In a circuit the Electrical Resistance is then often used to calculate the current in a circuit using the following equation Ohm's law <math>I = \frac{|\Delta V|}{R} </math> where '''V''' is the voltage and '''I''' is the current and '''R''' is the resistance. In this equations voltage and resistance are independent variables and Current is the dependant variable. This law, while useful, only works for certain resistors called ohmic resistors.<br />
<br />
===Water Analogy===<br />
The relationship between resistivity and resitance can often be though of as a series of pipes. Electrical Resistance in a particular material is like pipes of varying diameter. The larger the pipe the easier it is for water to get through. The resitivity of the "pipes" never changes. What does change is the cross sectional area making it easier for "water" to pass through.<br />
<br />
[[File:Thickness.gif]]<br />
<br />
===Resistivity of Materials===<br />
Every conductor has a natural resistivity that it relatively consistent at a given temperature. This number is calculated through experimentation. Here is a list of common conductors and their resistivity.<br />
<br />
[[File:Resistivity.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Temperature===<br />
In addition to each material having a different resistivity. The same materials at different temperatures have different resistivities. As materials heat up it becomes harder and harder for current to pass through them. This is because at the sub-atomic level. The nuclei are moving faster making it harder for electrons to move through.<br />
<br />
[[File:TemperatureHot.gif]] [[File:TemperatureCold.gif]]<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
3 examples of potential problems involving resistivity and resistance.<br />
<br />
===Simple===<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
An unknown ohmic resistor is attached to a 3V battery and the current is measured at 1 amp. Calculate the resistance of the unknown resistor.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
Using the equation I=|dV|/R we can substitute is 1 for I and 3 for dV leaving us with the equation 1=3/R. Solving for R we come to the answer that the it must be a 3 ohm resistor.<br />
<br />
===Middling===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A cylinder of an unknown material has a resistance of 30 ohms. Another cylinder made of the exact same material is twice as long and has a radius that is twice as large. What is the resistance of this cylinder.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
Given the equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> we know that when the length is doubled the resistance must also double. In addition we know that when the radius is doubled, the cross section area must go up by a factor of 4. This means that the resistance would go down by a factor of 1/4. Putting both of those facts together know that R2 = R1 * 2 * 1/4 or R2 = 15 ohms.<br />
<br />
===Difficult===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A battery and resistor circuit is connected to a very sensitive ohmmeter is taken outside and left in the sun on a very hot day. what if anything will happen to its reading after being outside for a few minutes and why. Assume the battery is unaffected.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
The current would be less that it was inside. Since the circuit was taken outside the resistor would heat up due to the sun. This would in turn cause its resistance to go up. When the resistance goes up and the voltage of the battery stays the same. due to Ohms Law the current must go down, resulting in a lower reading.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
Resistivity is very important electrical engineers and others who work with circuits because it is important to understand how a circuit is going to work when outside of laboratory conditions. Users will expect their circuits to work the same whether in a cool air conditioned room or when exposed to extreme temperatures and Electrical Engineers must understand resistivity to know how it will react.<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<br />
*[[Ohm's Law]]<br />
*[[Thin and Thick Wires]]<br />
*[[Current]]<br />
<br />
===Further reading===<br />
<br />
1. Matter and Interactions by Ruth Chabay and Bruce Sherwood<br />
<br />
===External links===<br />
<br />
Helpful Links<br />
<br />
1. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/resis.html<br />
<br />
2. http://www.britannica.com/technology/resistance-electronics<br />
<br />
3. http://www.cleanroom.byu.edu/Resistivities.phtml<br />
<br />
4. http://www.nist.gov/data/PDFfiles/jpcrd155.pdf<br />
<br />
5. http://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/physics/phys03/bresist/default.htm<br />
<br />
Helpful Videos<br />
<br />
1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-PJcj1TCf_g<br />
<br />
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J4Vq-xHqUo8<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
1. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/resis.html<br />
<br />
2. http://www.britannica.com/technology/resistance-electronics<br />
<br />
3. http://www.cleanroom.byu.edu/Resistivities.phtml<br />
<br />
4. http://www.nist.gov/data/PDFfiles/jpcrd155.pdf<br />
<br />
5. http://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/physics/phys03/bresist/default.htm<br />
<br />
[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>Cmcknight9http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Resistivity&diff=7873Resistivity2015-12-02T05:45:47Z<p>Cmcknight9: /* See also */</p>
<hr />
<div>Resistivity is the measure of how difficult it is for a current to pass through a certain material at a certain temperature.<br />
<br />
This quantity often measured in ohms per meter or <math>(\frac{Volts}{Amps\ Meter})</math> is used to determine the resistance of a given conductor. Resistivity of an object is almost solely dependent on two factors, temperature and material. Resistivity unlike resistance is independent of the size or shape of a material.<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
Resistivity is in its most basic form a constant for each material that says how easy it is for a current to pass through a given material. Some materials will more easily allow currents to pass through them. For instance it is almost twice as easy to have a current pass through copper as it is for it to pass through aluminum. This explains why most wires are made out of copper instead of aluminum.<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
Resistance is often calculate from resistivity using the following equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> where R is the resistance <math>\rho</math> is the resistivity L is the length and A is the cross-sectional area.<br />
<br />
In a circuit the Electrical Resistance is then often used to calculate the current in a circuit using the following equation Ohm's law <math>I = \frac{|\Delta V|}{R} </math> where '''V''' is the voltage and '''I''' is the current and '''R''' is the resistance. In this equations voltage and resistance are independent variables and Current is the dependant variable. This law, while useful, only works for certain resistors called ohmic resistors.<br />
<br />
===Water Analogy===<br />
The relationship between resistivity and resitance can often be though of as a series of pipes. Electrical Resistance in a particular material is like pipes of varying diameter. The larger the pipe the easier it is for water to get through. The resitivity of the "pipes" never changes. What does change is the cross sectional area making it easier for "water" to pass through.<br />
<br />
[[File:Thickness.gif]]<br />
<br />
===Resistivity of Materials===<br />
Every conductor has a natural resistivity that it relatively consistent at a given temperature. This number is calculated through experimentation. Here is a list of common conductors and their resistivity.<br />
<br />
[[File:Resistivity.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Temperature===<br />
In addition to each material having a different resistivity. The same materials at different temperatures have different resistivities. As materials heat up it becomes harder and harder for current to pass through them. This is because at the sub-atomic level. The nuclei are moving faster making it harder for electrons to move through.<br />
<br />
[[File:TemperatureHot.gif]] [[File:TemperatureCold.gif]]<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
3 examples of potential problems involving resistivity and resistance.<br />
<br />
===Simple===<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
An unknown ohmic resistor is attached to a 3V battery and the current is measured at 1 amp. Calculate the resistance of the unknown resistor.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
Using the equation I=|dV|/R we can substitute is 1 for I and 3 for dV leaving us with the equation 1=3/R. Solving for R we come to the answer that the it must be a 3 ohm resistor.<br />
<br />
===Middling===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A cylinder of an unknown material has a resistance of 30 ohms. Another cylinder made of the exact same material is twice as long and has a radius that is twice as large. What is the resistance of this cylinder.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
Given the equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> we know that when the length is doubled the resistance must also double. In addition we know that when the radius is doubled, the cross section area must go up by a factor of 4. This means that the resistance would go down by a factor of 1/4. Putting both of those facts together know that R2 = R1 * 2 * 1/4 or R2 = 15 ohms.<br />
<br />
===Difficult===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A battery and resistor circuit is connected to a very sensitive ohmmeter is taken outside and left in the sun on a very hot day. what if anything will happen to its reading after being outside for a few minutes and why. Assume the battery is unaffected.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
The current would be less that it was inside. Since the circuit was taken outside the resistor would heat up due to the sun. This would in turn cause its resistance to go up. When the resistance goes up and the voltage of the battery stays the same. due to Ohms Law the current must go down, resulting in a lower reading.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
Resistivity is very important electrical engineers and others who work with circuits because it is important to understand how a circuit is going to work when outside of laboratory conditions. Users will expect their circuits to work the same whether in a cool air conditioned room or when exposed to extreme temperatures and Electrical Engineers must understand resistivity to know how it will react.<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<br />
*[[Ohm's Law]]<br />
*[[Thin and Thick Wires]]<br />
*[[Current]]<br />
<br />
===Further reading===<br />
<br />
1. Matter and Interactions by Ruth Chabay and Bruce Sherwood<br />
<br />
===External links===<br />
<br />
Helpful Links<br />
<br />
1. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/resis.html<br />
<br />
2. http://www.britannica.com/technology/resistance-electronics<br />
<br />
3. http://www.cleanroom.byu.edu/Resistivities.phtml<br />
<br />
4. http://www.nist.gov/data/PDFfiles/jpcrd155.pdf<br />
<br />
5. http://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/physics/phys03/bresist/default.htm<br />
<br />
Helpful Videos<br />
<br />
1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-PJcj1TCf_g<br />
<br />
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J4Vq-xHqUo8<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br />
<br />
[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>Cmcknight9http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Resistivity&diff=7871Resistivity2015-12-02T05:44:54Z<p>Cmcknight9: /* See also */</p>
<hr />
<div>Resistivity is the measure of how difficult it is for a current to pass through a certain material at a certain temperature.<br />
<br />
This quantity often measured in ohms per meter or <math>(\frac{Volts}{Amps\ Meter})</math> is used to determine the resistance of a given conductor. Resistivity of an object is almost solely dependent on two factors, temperature and material. Resistivity unlike resistance is independent of the size or shape of a material.<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
Resistivity is in its most basic form a constant for each material that says how easy it is for a current to pass through a given material. Some materials will more easily allow currents to pass through them. For instance it is almost twice as easy to have a current pass through copper as it is for it to pass through aluminum. This explains why most wires are made out of copper instead of aluminum.<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
Resistance is often calculate from resistivity using the following equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> where R is the resistance <math>\rho</math> is the resistivity L is the length and A is the cross-sectional area.<br />
<br />
In a circuit the Electrical Resistance is then often used to calculate the current in a circuit using the following equation Ohm's law <math>I = \frac{|\Delta V|}{R} </math> where '''V''' is the voltage and '''I''' is the current and '''R''' is the resistance. In this equations voltage and resistance are independent variables and Current is the dependant variable. This law, while useful, only works for certain resistors called ohmic resistors.<br />
<br />
===Water Analogy===<br />
The relationship between resistivity and resitance can often be though of as a series of pipes. Electrical Resistance in a particular material is like pipes of varying diameter. The larger the pipe the easier it is for water to get through. The resitivity of the "pipes" never changes. What does change is the cross sectional area making it easier for "water" to pass through.<br />
<br />
[[File:Thickness.gif]]<br />
<br />
===Resistivity of Materials===<br />
Every conductor has a natural resistivity that it relatively consistent at a given temperature. This number is calculated through experimentation. Here is a list of common conductors and their resistivity.<br />
<br />
[[File:Resistivity.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Temperature===<br />
In addition to each material having a different resistivity. The same materials at different temperatures have different resistivities. As materials heat up it becomes harder and harder for current to pass through them. This is because at the sub-atomic level. The nuclei are moving faster making it harder for electrons to move through.<br />
<br />
[[File:TemperatureHot.gif]] [[File:TemperatureCold.gif]]<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
3 examples of potential problems involving resistivity and resistance.<br />
<br />
===Simple===<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
An unknown ohmic resistor is attached to a 3V battery and the current is measured at 1 amp. Calculate the resistance of the unknown resistor.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
Using the equation I=|dV|/R we can substitute is 1 for I and 3 for dV leaving us with the equation 1=3/R. Solving for R we come to the answer that the it must be a 3 ohm resistor.<br />
<br />
===Middling===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A cylinder of an unknown material has a resistance of 30 ohms. Another cylinder made of the exact same material is twice as long and has a radius that is twice as large. What is the resistance of this cylinder.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
Given the equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> we know that when the length is doubled the resistance must also double. In addition we know that when the radius is doubled, the cross section area must go up by a factor of 4. This means that the resistance would go down by a factor of 1/4. Putting both of those facts together know that R2 = R1 * 2 * 1/4 or R2 = 15 ohms.<br />
<br />
===Difficult===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A battery and resistor circuit is connected to a very sensitive ohmmeter is taken outside and left in the sun on a very hot day. what if anything will happen to its reading after being outside for a few minutes and why. Assume the battery is unaffected.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
The current would be less that it was inside. Since the circuit was taken outside the resistor would heat up due to the sun. This would in turn cause its resistance to go up. When the resistance goes up and the voltage of the battery stays the same. due to Ohms Law the current must go down, resulting in a lower reading.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
Resistivity is very important electrical engineers and others who work with circuits because it is important to understand how a circuit is going to work when outside of laboratory conditions. Users will expect their circuits to work the same whether in a cool air conditioned room or when exposed to extreme temperatures and Electrical Engineers must understand resistivity to know how it will react.<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<br />
*[[Ohm's Law]]<br />
<br />
===Further reading===<br />
<br />
1. Matter and Interactions by Ruth Chabay and Bruce Sherwood<br />
<br />
===External links===<br />
<br />
Helpful Links<br />
<br />
1. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/resis.html<br />
<br />
2. http://www.britannica.com/technology/resistance-electronics<br />
<br />
3. http://www.cleanroom.byu.edu/Resistivities.phtml<br />
<br />
4. http://www.nist.gov/data/PDFfiles/jpcrd155.pdf<br />
<br />
5. http://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/physics/phys03/bresist/default.htm<br />
<br />
Helpful Videos<br />
<br />
1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-PJcj1TCf_g<br />
<br />
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J4Vq-xHqUo8<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br />
<br />
[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>Cmcknight9http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Resistivity&diff=7869Resistivity2015-12-02T05:44:03Z<p>Cmcknight9: /* The Main Idea */</p>
<hr />
<div>Resistivity is the measure of how difficult it is for a current to pass through a certain material at a certain temperature.<br />
<br />
This quantity often measured in ohms per meter or <math>(\frac{Volts}{Amps\ Meter})</math> is used to determine the resistance of a given conductor. Resistivity of an object is almost solely dependent on two factors, temperature and material. Resistivity unlike resistance is independent of the size or shape of a material.<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
Resistivity is in its most basic form a constant for each material that says how easy it is for a current to pass through a given material. Some materials will more easily allow currents to pass through them. For instance it is almost twice as easy to have a current pass through copper as it is for it to pass through aluminum. This explains why most wires are made out of copper instead of aluminum.<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
Resistance is often calculate from resistivity using the following equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> where R is the resistance <math>\rho</math> is the resistivity L is the length and A is the cross-sectional area.<br />
<br />
In a circuit the Electrical Resistance is then often used to calculate the current in a circuit using the following equation Ohm's law <math>I = \frac{|\Delta V|}{R} </math> where '''V''' is the voltage and '''I''' is the current and '''R''' is the resistance. In this equations voltage and resistance are independent variables and Current is the dependant variable. This law, while useful, only works for certain resistors called ohmic resistors.<br />
<br />
===Water Analogy===<br />
The relationship between resistivity and resitance can often be though of as a series of pipes. Electrical Resistance in a particular material is like pipes of varying diameter. The larger the pipe the easier it is for water to get through. The resitivity of the "pipes" never changes. What does change is the cross sectional area making it easier for "water" to pass through.<br />
<br />
[[File:Thickness.gif]]<br />
<br />
===Resistivity of Materials===<br />
Every conductor has a natural resistivity that it relatively consistent at a given temperature. This number is calculated through experimentation. Here is a list of common conductors and their resistivity.<br />
<br />
[[File:Resistivity.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Temperature===<br />
In addition to each material having a different resistivity. The same materials at different temperatures have different resistivities. As materials heat up it becomes harder and harder for current to pass through them. This is because at the sub-atomic level. The nuclei are moving faster making it harder for electrons to move through.<br />
<br />
[[File:TemperatureHot.gif]] [[File:TemperatureCold.gif]]<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
3 examples of potential problems involving resistivity and resistance.<br />
<br />
===Simple===<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
An unknown ohmic resistor is attached to a 3V battery and the current is measured at 1 amp. Calculate the resistance of the unknown resistor.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
Using the equation I=|dV|/R we can substitute is 1 for I and 3 for dV leaving us with the equation 1=3/R. Solving for R we come to the answer that the it must be a 3 ohm resistor.<br />
<br />
===Middling===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A cylinder of an unknown material has a resistance of 30 ohms. Another cylinder made of the exact same material is twice as long and has a radius that is twice as large. What is the resistance of this cylinder.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
Given the equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> we know that when the length is doubled the resistance must also double. In addition we know that when the radius is doubled, the cross section area must go up by a factor of 4. This means that the resistance would go down by a factor of 1/4. Putting both of those facts together know that R2 = R1 * 2 * 1/4 or R2 = 15 ohms.<br />
<br />
===Difficult===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A battery and resistor circuit is connected to a very sensitive ohmmeter is taken outside and left in the sun on a very hot day. what if anything will happen to its reading after being outside for a few minutes and why. Assume the battery is unaffected.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
The current would be less that it was inside. Since the circuit was taken outside the resistor would heat up due to the sun. This would in turn cause its resistance to go up. When the resistance goes up and the voltage of the battery stays the same. due to Ohms Law the current must go down, resulting in a lower reading.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
Resistivity is very important electrical engineers and others who work with circuits because it is important to understand how a circuit is going to work when outside of laboratory conditions. Users will expect their circuits to work the same whether in a cool air conditioned room or when exposed to extreme temperatures and Electrical Engineers must understand resistivity to know how it will react.<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<br />
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?<br />
<br />
===Further reading===<br />
<br />
1. Matter and Interactions by Ruth Chabay and Bruce Sherwood<br />
<br />
===External links===<br />
<br />
Helpful Links<br />
<br />
1. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/resis.html<br />
<br />
2. http://www.britannica.com/technology/resistance-electronics<br />
<br />
3. http://www.cleanroom.byu.edu/Resistivities.phtml<br />
<br />
4. http://www.nist.gov/data/PDFfiles/jpcrd155.pdf<br />
<br />
5. http://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/physics/phys03/bresist/default.htm<br />
<br />
Helpful Videos<br />
<br />
1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-PJcj1TCf_g<br />
<br />
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J4Vq-xHqUo8<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br />
<br />
[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>Cmcknight9http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Resistivity&diff=7866Resistivity2015-12-02T05:41:21Z<p>Cmcknight9: /* The Main Idea */</p>
<hr />
<div>Resistivity is the measure of how difficult it is for a current to pass through a certain material at a certain temperature.<br />
<br />
This quantity often measured in ohms per meter or <math>(\frac{Volts}{Amps\ Meter})</math> is used to determine the resistance of a given conductor. Resistivity of an object is almost solely dependent on two factors, temperature and material. Resistivity unlike resistance is independent of the size or shape of a material.<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
Resistivity is in its most basic form a constant for each material that says how easy it is for a current to pass through a given material. Some materials will more easily allow currents to pass through them. For instance Copper<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
Resistance is often calculate from resistivity using the following equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> where R is the resistance <math>\rho</math> is the resistivity L is the length and A is the cross-sectional area.<br />
<br />
In a circuit the Electrical Resistance is then often used to calculate the current in a circuit using the following equation Ohm's law <math>I = \frac{|\Delta V|}{R} </math> where '''V''' is the voltage and '''I''' is the current and '''R''' is the resistance. In this equations voltage and resistance are independent variables and Current is the dependant variable. This law, while useful, only works for certain resistors called ohmic resistors.<br />
<br />
===Water Analogy===<br />
The relationship between resistivity and resitance can often be though of as a series of pipes. Electrical Resistance in a particular material is like pipes of varying diameter. The larger the pipe the easier it is for water to get through. The resitivity of the "pipes" never changes. What does change is the cross sectional area making it easier for "water" to pass through.<br />
<br />
[[File:Thickness.gif]]<br />
<br />
===Resistivity of Materials===<br />
Every conductor has a natural resistivity that it relatively consistent at a given temperature. This number is calculated through experimentation. Here is a list of common conductors and their resistivity.<br />
<br />
[[File:Resistivity.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Temperature===<br />
In addition to each material having a different resistivity. The same materials at different temperatures have different resistivities. As materials heat up it becomes harder and harder for current to pass through them. This is because at the sub-atomic level. The nuclei are moving faster making it harder for electrons to move through.<br />
<br />
[[File:TemperatureHot.gif]] [[File:TemperatureCold.gif]]<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
3 examples of potential problems involving resistivity and resistance.<br />
<br />
===Simple===<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
An unknown ohmic resistor is attached to a 3V battery and the current is measured at 1 amp. Calculate the resistance of the unknown resistor.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
Using the equation I=|dV|/R we can substitute is 1 for I and 3 for dV leaving us with the equation 1=3/R. Solving for R we come to the answer that the it must be a 3 ohm resistor.<br />
<br />
===Middling===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A cylinder of an unknown material has a resistance of 30 ohms. Another cylinder made of the exact same material is twice as long and has a radius that is twice as large. What is the resistance of this cylinder.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
Given the equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> we know that when the length is doubled the resistance must also double. In addition we know that when the radius is doubled, the cross section area must go up by a factor of 4. This means that the resistance would go down by a factor of 1/4. Putting both of those facts together know that R2 = R1 * 2 * 1/4 or R2 = 15 ohms.<br />
<br />
===Difficult===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A battery and resistor circuit is connected to a very sensitive ohmmeter is taken outside and left in the sun on a very hot day. what if anything will happen to its reading after being outside for a few minutes and why. Assume the battery is unaffected.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
The current would be less that it was inside. Since the circuit was taken outside the resistor would heat up due to the sun. This would in turn cause its resistance to go up. When the resistance goes up and the voltage of the battery stays the same. due to Ohms Law the current must go down, resulting in a lower reading.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
Resistivity is very important electrical engineers and others who work with circuits because it is important to understand how a circuit is going to work when outside of laboratory conditions. Users will expect their circuits to work the same whether in a cool air conditioned room or when exposed to extreme temperatures and Electrical Engineers must understand resistivity to know how it will react.<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<br />
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?<br />
<br />
===Further reading===<br />
<br />
1. Matter and Interactions by Ruth Chabay and Bruce Sherwood<br />
<br />
===External links===<br />
<br />
Helpful Links<br />
<br />
1. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/resis.html<br />
<br />
2. http://www.britannica.com/technology/resistance-electronics<br />
<br />
3. http://www.cleanroom.byu.edu/Resistivities.phtml<br />
<br />
4. http://www.nist.gov/data/PDFfiles/jpcrd155.pdf<br />
<br />
5. http://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/physics/phys03/bresist/default.htm<br />
<br />
Helpful Videos<br />
<br />
1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-PJcj1TCf_g<br />
<br />
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J4Vq-xHqUo8<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br />
<br />
[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>Cmcknight9http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Resistivity&diff=7865Resistivity2015-12-02T05:39:15Z<p>Cmcknight9: /* Connectedness */</p>
<hr />
<div>Resistivity is the measure of how difficult it is for a current to pass through a certain material at a certain temperature.<br />
<br />
This quantity often measured in ohms per meter or <math>(\frac{Volts}{Amps\ Meter})</math> is used to determine the resistance of a given conductor. Resistivity of an object is almost solely dependent on two factors, temperature and material. Resistivity unlike resistance is independent of the size or shape of a material.<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
State, in your own words, the main idea for this topic<br />
Electric Field of Capacitor<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
Resistance is often calculate from resistivity using the following equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> where R is the resistance <math>\rho</math> is the resistivity L is the length and A is the cross-sectional area.<br />
<br />
In a circuit the Electrical Resistance is then often used to calculate the current in a circuit using the following equation Ohm's law <math>I = \frac{|\Delta V|}{R} </math> where '''V''' is the voltage and '''I''' is the current and '''R''' is the resistance. In this equations voltage and resistance are independent variables and Current is the dependant variable. This law, while useful, only works for certain resistors called ohmic resistors.<br />
<br />
===Water Analogy===<br />
The relationship between resistivity and resitance can often be though of as a series of pipes. Electrical Resistance in a particular material is like pipes of varying diameter. The larger the pipe the easier it is for water to get through. The resitivity of the "pipes" never changes. What does change is the cross sectional area making it easier for "water" to pass through.<br />
<br />
[[File:Thickness.gif]]<br />
<br />
===Resistivity of Materials===<br />
Every conductor has a natural resistivity that it relatively consistent at a given temperature. This number is calculated through experimentation. Here is a list of common conductors and their resistivity.<br />
<br />
[[File:Resistivity.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Temperature===<br />
In addition to each material having a different resistivity. The same materials at different temperatures have different resistivities. As materials heat up it becomes harder and harder for current to pass through them. This is because at the sub-atomic level. The nuclei are moving faster making it harder for electrons to move through.<br />
<br />
[[File:TemperatureHot.gif]] [[File:TemperatureCold.gif]]<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
3 examples of potential problems involving resistivity and resistance.<br />
<br />
===Simple===<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
An unknown ohmic resistor is attached to a 3V battery and the current is measured at 1 amp. Calculate the resistance of the unknown resistor.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
Using the equation I=|dV|/R we can substitute is 1 for I and 3 for dV leaving us with the equation 1=3/R. Solving for R we come to the answer that the it must be a 3 ohm resistor.<br />
<br />
===Middling===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A cylinder of an unknown material has a resistance of 30 ohms. Another cylinder made of the exact same material is twice as long and has a radius that is twice as large. What is the resistance of this cylinder.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
Given the equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> we know that when the length is doubled the resistance must also double. In addition we know that when the radius is doubled, the cross section area must go up by a factor of 4. This means that the resistance would go down by a factor of 1/4. Putting both of those facts together know that R2 = R1 * 2 * 1/4 or R2 = 15 ohms.<br />
<br />
===Difficult===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A battery and resistor circuit is connected to a very sensitive ohmmeter is taken outside and left in the sun on a very hot day. what if anything will happen to its reading after being outside for a few minutes and why. Assume the battery is unaffected.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
The current would be less that it was inside. Since the circuit was taken outside the resistor would heat up due to the sun. This would in turn cause its resistance to go up. When the resistance goes up and the voltage of the battery stays the same. due to Ohms Law the current must go down, resulting in a lower reading.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
Resistivity is very important electrical engineers and others who work with circuits because it is important to understand how a circuit is going to work when outside of laboratory conditions. Users will expect their circuits to work the same whether in a cool air conditioned room or when exposed to extreme temperatures and Electrical Engineers must understand resistivity to know how it will react.<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<br />
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?<br />
<br />
===Further reading===<br />
<br />
1. Matter and Interactions by Ruth Chabay and Bruce Sherwood<br />
<br />
===External links===<br />
<br />
Helpful Links<br />
<br />
1. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/resis.html<br />
<br />
2. http://www.britannica.com/technology/resistance-electronics<br />
<br />
3. http://www.cleanroom.byu.edu/Resistivities.phtml<br />
<br />
4. http://www.nist.gov/data/PDFfiles/jpcrd155.pdf<br />
<br />
5. http://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/physics/phys03/bresist/default.htm<br />
<br />
Helpful Videos<br />
<br />
1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-PJcj1TCf_g<br />
<br />
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J4Vq-xHqUo8<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br />
<br />
[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>Cmcknight9http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Resistivity&diff=7859Resistivity2015-12-02T05:36:13Z<p>Cmcknight9: </p>
<hr />
<div>Resistivity is the measure of how difficult it is for a current to pass through a certain material at a certain temperature.<br />
<br />
This quantity often measured in ohms per meter or <math>(\frac{Volts}{Amps\ Meter})</math> is used to determine the resistance of a given conductor. Resistivity of an object is almost solely dependent on two factors, temperature and material. Resistivity unlike resistance is independent of the size or shape of a material.<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
State, in your own words, the main idea for this topic<br />
Electric Field of Capacitor<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
Resistance is often calculate from resistivity using the following equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> where R is the resistance <math>\rho</math> is the resistivity L is the length and A is the cross-sectional area.<br />
<br />
In a circuit the Electrical Resistance is then often used to calculate the current in a circuit using the following equation Ohm's law <math>I = \frac{|\Delta V|}{R} </math> where '''V''' is the voltage and '''I''' is the current and '''R''' is the resistance. In this equations voltage and resistance are independent variables and Current is the dependant variable. This law, while useful, only works for certain resistors called ohmic resistors.<br />
<br />
===Water Analogy===<br />
The relationship between resistivity and resitance can often be though of as a series of pipes. Electrical Resistance in a particular material is like pipes of varying diameter. The larger the pipe the easier it is for water to get through. The resitivity of the "pipes" never changes. What does change is the cross sectional area making it easier for "water" to pass through.<br />
<br />
[[File:Thickness.gif]]<br />
<br />
===Resistivity of Materials===<br />
Every conductor has a natural resistivity that it relatively consistent at a given temperature. This number is calculated through experimentation. Here is a list of common conductors and their resistivity.<br />
<br />
[[File:Resistivity.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Temperature===<br />
In addition to each material having a different resistivity. The same materials at different temperatures have different resistivities. As materials heat up it becomes harder and harder for current to pass through them. This is because at the sub-atomic level. The nuclei are moving faster making it harder for electrons to move through.<br />
<br />
[[File:TemperatureHot.gif]] [[File:TemperatureCold.gif]]<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
3 examples of potential problems involving resistivity and resistance.<br />
<br />
===Simple===<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
An unknown ohmic resistor is attached to a 3V battery and the current is measured at 1 amp. Calculate the resistance of the unknown resistor.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
Using the equation I=|dV|/R we can substitute is 1 for I and 3 for dV leaving us with the equation 1=3/R. Solving for R we come to the answer that the it must be a 3 ohm resistor.<br />
<br />
===Middling===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A cylinder of an unknown material has a resistance of 30 ohms. Another cylinder made of the exact same material is twice as long and has a radius that is twice as large. What is the resistance of this cylinder.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
Given the equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> we know that when the length is doubled the resistance must also double. In addition we know that when the radius is doubled, the cross section area must go up by a factor of 4. This means that the resistance would go down by a factor of 1/4. Putting both of those facts together know that R2 = R1 * 2 * 1/4 or R2 = 15 ohms.<br />
<br />
===Difficult===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A battery and resistor circuit is connected to a very sensitive ohmmeter is taken outside and left in the sun on a very hot day. what if anything will happen to its reading after being outside for a few minutes and why. Assume the battery is unaffected.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
The current would be less that it was inside. Since the circuit was taken outside the resistor would heat up due to the sun. This would in turn cause its resistance to go up. When the resistance goes up and the voltage of the battery stays the same. due to Ohms Law the current must go down, resulting in a lower reading.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
#How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?<br />
#How is it connected to your major?<br />
#Is there an interesting industrial application?<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<br />
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?<br />
<br />
===Further reading===<br />
<br />
1. Matter and Interactions by Ruth Chabay and Bruce Sherwood<br />
<br />
===External links===<br />
<br />
Helpful Links<br />
<br />
1. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/resis.html<br />
<br />
2. http://www.britannica.com/technology/resistance-electronics<br />
<br />
3. http://www.cleanroom.byu.edu/Resistivities.phtml<br />
<br />
4. http://www.nist.gov/data/PDFfiles/jpcrd155.pdf<br />
<br />
5. http://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/physics/phys03/bresist/default.htm<br />
<br />
Helpful Videos<br />
<br />
1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-PJcj1TCf_g<br />
<br />
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J4Vq-xHqUo8<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br />
<br />
[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>Cmcknight9http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Resistivity&diff=7853Resistivity2015-12-02T05:34:14Z<p>Cmcknight9: /* Examples */</p>
<hr />
<div>Resistivity is the measure of how difficult it is for a current to pass through a certain material at a certain temperature.<br />
<br />
This quantity often measured in ohms per meter or <math>(\frac{Volts}{Amps\ Meter})</math> is used to determine the resistance of a given conductor. Resistivity of an object is almost solely dependent on two factors, temperature and material. Resistivity unlike resistance is independent of the size or shape of a material.<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
State, in your own words, the main idea for this topic<br />
Electric Field of Capacitor<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
Resistance is often calculate from resistivity using the following equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> where R is the resistance <math>\rho</math> is the resistivity L is the length and A is the cross-sectional area.<br />
<br />
In a circuit the Electrical Resistance is then often used to calculate the current in a circuit using the following equation Ohm's law <math>I = \frac{|\Delta V|}{R} </math> where '''V''' is the voltage and '''I''' is the current and '''R''' is the resistance. In this equations voltage and resistance are independent variables and Current is the dependant variable. This law, while useful, only works for certain resistors called ohmic resistors.<br />
<br />
===Water Analogy===<br />
The relationship between resistivity and resitance can often be though of as a series of pipes. Electrical Resistance in a particular material is like pipes of varying diameter. The larger the pipe the easier it is for water to get through. The resitivity of the "pipes" never changes. What does change is the cross sectional area making it easier for "water" to pass through.<br />
<br />
[[File:Thickness.gif]]<br />
<br />
===Resistivity of Materials===<br />
Every conductor has a natural resistivity that it relatively consistent at a given temperature. This number is calculated through experimentation. Here is a list of common conductors and their resistivity.<br />
<br />
[[File:Resistivity.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Temperature===<br />
In addition to each material having a different resistivity. The same materials at different temperatures have different resistivities. As materials heat up it becomes harder and harder for current to pass through them. This is because at the sub-atomic level. The nuclei are moving faster making it harder for electrons to move through.<br />
<br />
[[File:TemperatureHot.gif]] [[File:TemperatureCold.gif]]<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
3 examples of potential problems involving resistivity and resistance.<br />
<br />
===Simple===<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
An unknown ohmic resistor is attached to a 3V battery and the current is measured at 1 amp. Calculate the resistance of the unknown resistor.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
Using the equation I=|dV|/R we can substitute is 1 for I and 3 for dV leaving us with the equation 1=3/R. Solving for R we come to the answer that the it must be a 3 ohm resistor.<br />
<br />
===Middling===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A cylinder of an unknown material has a resistance of 30 ohms. Another cylinder made of the exact same material is twice as long and has a radius that is twice as large. What is the resistance of this cylinder.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
Given the equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> we know that when the length is doubled the resistance must also double. In addition we know that when the radius is doubled, the cross section area must go up by a factor of 4. This means that the resistance would go down by a factor of 1/4. Putting both of those facts together know that R2 = R1 * 2 * 1/4 or R2 = 15 ohms.<br />
<br />
===Difficult===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A battery and resistor circuit is connected to a very sensitive ohmmeter is taken outside and left in the sun on a very hot day. what if anything will happen to its reading after being outside for a few minutes and why. Assume the battery is unaffected.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
The current would be less that it was inside. Since the circuit was taken outside the resistor would heat up due to the sun. This would in turn cause its resistance to go up. When the resistance goes up and the voltage of the battery stays the same. due to Ohms Law the current must go down, resulting in a lower reading.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
#How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?<br />
#How is it connected to your major?<br />
#Is there an interesting industrial application?<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<br />
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?<br />
<br />
===Further reading===<br />
<br />
1. Matter and Interactions by Ruth Chabay and Bruce Sherwood<br />
<br />
===External links===<br />
<br />
Helpful Links<br />
<br />
1. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/resis.html<br />
<br />
2. http://www.britannica.com/technology/resistance-electronics<br />
<br />
3. http://www.cleanroom.byu.edu/Resistivities.phtml<br />
<br />
4. http://www.nist.gov/data/PDFfiles/jpcrd155.pdf<br />
<br />
5. http://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/physics/phys03/bresist/default.htm<br />
<br />
Helpful Videos<br />
<br />
1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-PJcj1TCf_g<br />
<br />
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J4Vq-xHqUo8<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br />
<br />
[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>Cmcknight9http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Resistivity&diff=7851Resistivity2015-12-02T05:33:42Z<p>Cmcknight9: /* Water Analogy */</p>
<hr />
<div>Resistivity is the measure of how difficult it is for a current to pass through a certain material at a certain temperature.<br />
<br />
This quantity often measured in ohms per meter or <math>(\frac{Volts}{Amps\ Meter})</math> is used to determine the resistance of a given conductor. Resistivity of an object is almost solely dependent on two factors, temperature and material. Resistivity unlike resistance is independent of the size or shape of a material.<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
State, in your own words, the main idea for this topic<br />
Electric Field of Capacitor<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
Resistance is often calculate from resistivity using the following equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> where R is the resistance <math>\rho</math> is the resistivity L is the length and A is the cross-sectional area.<br />
<br />
In a circuit the Electrical Resistance is then often used to calculate the current in a circuit using the following equation Ohm's law <math>I = \frac{|\Delta V|}{R} </math> where '''V''' is the voltage and '''I''' is the current and '''R''' is the resistance. In this equations voltage and resistance are independent variables and Current is the dependant variable. This law, while useful, only works for certain resistors called ohmic resistors.<br />
<br />
===Water Analogy===<br />
The relationship between resistivity and resitance can often be though of as a series of pipes. Electrical Resistance in a particular material is like pipes of varying diameter. The larger the pipe the easier it is for water to get through. The resitivity of the "pipes" never changes. What does change is the cross sectional area making it easier for "water" to pass through.<br />
<br />
[[File:Thickness.gif]]<br />
<br />
===Resistivity of Materials===<br />
Every conductor has a natural resistivity that it relatively consistent at a given temperature. This number is calculated through experimentation. Here is a list of common conductors and their resistivity.<br />
<br />
[[File:Resistivity.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Temperature===<br />
In addition to each material having a different resistivity. The same materials at different temperatures have different resistivities. As materials heat up it becomes harder and harder for current to pass through them. This is because at the sub-atomic level. The nuclei are moving faster making it harder for electrons to move through.<br />
<br />
[[File:TemperatureHot.gif]] [[File:TemperatureCold.gif]]<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
3 examples of potential problems involving resistance.<br />
<br />
===Simple===<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
An unknown ohmic resistor is attached to a 3V battery and the current is measured at 1 amp. Calculate the resistance of the unknown resistor.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
Using the equation I=|dV|/R we can substitute is 1 for I and 3 for dV leaving us with the equation 1=3/R. Solving for R we come to the answer that the it must be a 3 ohm resistor.<br />
<br />
===Middling===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A cylinder of an unknown material has a resistance of 30 ohms. Another cylinder made of the exact same material is twice as long and has a radius that is twice as large. What is the resistance of this cylinder.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
Given the equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> we know that when the length is doubled the resistance must also double. In addition we know that when the radius is doubled, the cross section area must go up by a factor of 4. This means that the resistance would go down by a factor of 1/4. Putting both of those facts together know that R2 = R1 * 2 * 1/4 or R2 = 15 ohms.<br />
<br />
===Difficult===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A battery and resistor circuit is connected to a very sensitive ohmmeter is taken outside and left in the sun on a very hot day. what if anything will happen to its reading after being outside for a few minutes and why. Assume the battery is unaffected.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
The current would be less that it was inside. Since the circuit was taken outside the resistor would heat up due to the sun. This would in turn cause its resistance to go up. When the resistance goes up and the voltage of the battery stays the same. due to Ohms Law the current must go down, resulting in a lower reading.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
#How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?<br />
#How is it connected to your major?<br />
#Is there an interesting industrial application?<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<br />
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?<br />
<br />
===Further reading===<br />
<br />
1. Matter and Interactions by Ruth Chabay and Bruce Sherwood<br />
<br />
===External links===<br />
<br />
Helpful Links<br />
<br />
1. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/resis.html<br />
<br />
2. http://www.britannica.com/technology/resistance-electronics<br />
<br />
3. http://www.cleanroom.byu.edu/Resistivities.phtml<br />
<br />
4. http://www.nist.gov/data/PDFfiles/jpcrd155.pdf<br />
<br />
5. http://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/physics/phys03/bresist/default.htm<br />
<br />
Helpful Videos<br />
<br />
1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-PJcj1TCf_g<br />
<br />
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J4Vq-xHqUo8<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br />
<br />
[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>Cmcknight9http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Resistivity&diff=7844Resistivity2015-12-02T05:31:33Z<p>Cmcknight9: /* A Mathematical Model */</p>
<hr />
<div>Resistivity is the measure of how difficult it is for a current to pass through a certain material at a certain temperature.<br />
<br />
This quantity often measured in ohms per meter or <math>(\frac{Volts}{Amps\ Meter})</math> is used to determine the resistance of a given conductor. Resistivity of an object is almost solely dependent on two factors, temperature and material. Resistivity unlike resistance is independent of the size or shape of a material.<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
State, in your own words, the main idea for this topic<br />
Electric Field of Capacitor<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
Resistance is often calculate from resistivity using the following equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> where R is the resistance <math>\rho</math> is the resistivity L is the length and A is the cross-sectional area.<br />
<br />
In a circuit the Electrical Resistance is then often used to calculate the current in a circuit using the following equation Ohm's law <math>I = \frac{|\Delta V|}{R} </math> where '''V''' is the voltage and '''I''' is the current and '''R''' is the resistance. In this equations voltage and resistance are independent variables and Current is the dependant variable. This law, while useful, only works for certain resistors called ohmic resistors.<br />
<br />
===Water Analogy===<br />
Electrical Resistance in a particular material is often compared to a pipes of varying diameter. The larger the pipe the easier it is for water to get through. This is equivalent to lower resistance in electricity.<br />
<br />
[[File:Thickness.gif]]<br />
<br />
===Resistivity of Materials===<br />
Every conductor has a natural resistivity that it relatively consistent at a given temperature. This number is calculated through experimentation. Here is a list of common conductors and their resistivity.<br />
<br />
[[File:Resistivity.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Temperature===<br />
In addition to each material having a different resistivity. The same materials at different temperatures have different resistivities. As materials heat up it becomes harder and harder for current to pass through them. This is because at the sub-atomic level. The nuclei are moving faster making it harder for electrons to move through.<br />
<br />
[[File:TemperatureHot.gif]] [[File:TemperatureCold.gif]]<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
3 examples of potential problems involving resistance.<br />
<br />
===Simple===<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
An unknown ohmic resistor is attached to a 3V battery and the current is measured at 1 amp. Calculate the resistance of the unknown resistor.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
Using the equation I=|dV|/R we can substitute is 1 for I and 3 for dV leaving us with the equation 1=3/R. Solving for R we come to the answer that the it must be a 3 ohm resistor.<br />
<br />
===Middling===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A cylinder of an unknown material has a resistance of 30 ohms. Another cylinder made of the exact same material is twice as long and has a radius that is twice as large. What is the resistance of this cylinder.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
Given the equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> we know that when the length is doubled the resistance must also double. In addition we know that when the radius is doubled, the cross section area must go up by a factor of 4. This means that the resistance would go down by a factor of 1/4. Putting both of those facts together know that R2 = R1 * 2 * 1/4 or R2 = 15 ohms.<br />
<br />
===Difficult===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A battery and resistor circuit is connected to a very sensitive ohmmeter is taken outside and left in the sun on a very hot day. what if anything will happen to its reading after being outside for a few minutes and why. Assume the battery is unaffected.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
The current would be less that it was inside. Since the circuit was taken outside the resistor would heat up due to the sun. This would in turn cause its resistance to go up. When the resistance goes up and the voltage of the battery stays the same. due to Ohms Law the current must go down, resulting in a lower reading.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
#How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?<br />
#How is it connected to your major?<br />
#Is there an interesting industrial application?<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<br />
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?<br />
<br />
===Further reading===<br />
<br />
1. Matter and Interactions by Ruth Chabay and Bruce Sherwood<br />
<br />
===External links===<br />
<br />
Helpful Links<br />
<br />
1. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/resis.html<br />
<br />
2. http://www.britannica.com/technology/resistance-electronics<br />
<br />
3. http://www.cleanroom.byu.edu/Resistivities.phtml<br />
<br />
4. http://www.nist.gov/data/PDFfiles/jpcrd155.pdf<br />
<br />
5. http://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/physics/phys03/bresist/default.htm<br />
<br />
Helpful Videos<br />
<br />
1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-PJcj1TCf_g<br />
<br />
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J4Vq-xHqUo8<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br />
<br />
[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>Cmcknight9http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Resistivity&diff=7835Resistivity2015-12-02T05:29:28Z<p>Cmcknight9: </p>
<hr />
<div>Resistivity is the measure of how difficult it is for a current to pass through a certain material at a certain temperature.<br />
<br />
This quantity often measured in ohms per meter or <math>(\frac{Volts}{Amps\ Meter})</math> is used to determine the resistance of a given conductor. Resistivity of an object is almost solely dependent on two factors, temperature and material. Resistivity unlike resistance is independent of the size or shape of a material.<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
State, in your own words, the main idea for this topic<br />
Electric Field of Capacitor<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
Resistance is often expressed in the following form <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> where R is the resistance <math>\rho</math> is the resistivity L is the length and A is the cross-sectional area.<br />
<br />
In a circuit the Electrical Resistance is often calculated using Ohm's law <math>R = \frac{|\Delta V|}{I} </math> Often written <math>I = \frac{|\Delta V|}{R} </math> where '''V''' is the voltage and '''I''' is the current and '''R''' is the resistance. In these equations voltage and resistance are independent variables and Current is the dependant variable. This law, while useful, only works for certain resistors called ohmic resistors.<br />
<br />
===Water Analogy===<br />
Electrical Resistance in a particular material is often compared to a pipes of varying diameter. The larger the pipe the easier it is for water to get through. This is equivalent to lower resistance in electricity.<br />
<br />
[[File:Thickness.gif]]<br />
<br />
===Resistivity of Materials===<br />
Every conductor has a natural resistivity that it relatively consistent at a given temperature. This number is calculated through experimentation. Here is a list of common conductors and their resistivity.<br />
<br />
[[File:Resistivity.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Temperature===<br />
In addition to each material having a different resistivity. The same materials at different temperatures have different resistivities. As materials heat up it becomes harder and harder for current to pass through them. This is because at the sub-atomic level. The nuclei are moving faster making it harder for electrons to move through.<br />
<br />
[[File:TemperatureHot.gif]] [[File:TemperatureCold.gif]]<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
3 examples of potential problems involving resistance.<br />
<br />
===Simple===<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
An unknown ohmic resistor is attached to a 3V battery and the current is measured at 1 amp. Calculate the resistance of the unknown resistor.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
Using the equation I=|dV|/R we can substitute is 1 for I and 3 for dV leaving us with the equation 1=3/R. Solving for R we come to the answer that the it must be a 3 ohm resistor.<br />
<br />
===Middling===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A cylinder of an unknown material has a resistance of 30 ohms. Another cylinder made of the exact same material is twice as long and has a radius that is twice as large. What is the resistance of this cylinder.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
Given the equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> we know that when the length is doubled the resistance must also double. In addition we know that when the radius is doubled, the cross section area must go up by a factor of 4. This means that the resistance would go down by a factor of 1/4. Putting both of those facts together know that R2 = R1 * 2 * 1/4 or R2 = 15 ohms.<br />
<br />
===Difficult===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A battery and resistor circuit is connected to a very sensitive ohmmeter is taken outside and left in the sun on a very hot day. what if anything will happen to its reading after being outside for a few minutes and why. Assume the battery is unaffected.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
The current would be less that it was inside. Since the circuit was taken outside the resistor would heat up due to the sun. This would in turn cause its resistance to go up. When the resistance goes up and the voltage of the battery stays the same. due to Ohms Law the current must go down, resulting in a lower reading.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
#How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?<br />
#How is it connected to your major?<br />
#Is there an interesting industrial application?<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<br />
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?<br />
<br />
===Further reading===<br />
<br />
1. Matter and Interactions by Ruth Chabay and Bruce Sherwood<br />
<br />
===External links===<br />
<br />
Helpful Links<br />
<br />
1. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/resis.html<br />
<br />
2. http://www.britannica.com/technology/resistance-electronics<br />
<br />
3. http://www.cleanroom.byu.edu/Resistivities.phtml<br />
<br />
4. http://www.nist.gov/data/PDFfiles/jpcrd155.pdf<br />
<br />
5. http://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/physics/phys03/bresist/default.htm<br />
<br />
Helpful Videos<br />
<br />
1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-PJcj1TCf_g<br />
<br />
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J4Vq-xHqUo8<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br />
<br />
[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>Cmcknight9http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Resistivity&diff=7830Resistivity2015-12-02T05:28:19Z<p>Cmcknight9: </p>
<hr />
<div>Resistivity is the measure of how difficult it is for a current to pass through a certain material at a certain temperature.<br />
<br />
This quantity often measured in ohms per meter or <math>(\frac{Volts}{Amps\ Meter})</math> is used to determine the amount of current that will pass through a resistor of a certain material. Resistivity of an object is almost solely dependent on two factors, temperature and material. Resistivity unlike resistance is independent of the size or shape of a material.<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
State, in your own words, the main idea for this topic<br />
Electric Field of Capacitor<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
Resistance is often expressed in the following form <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> where R is the resistance <math>\rho</math> is the resistivity L is the length and A is the cross-sectional area.<br />
<br />
In a circuit the Electrical Resistance is often calculated using Ohm's law <math>R = \frac{|\Delta V|}{I} </math> Often written <math>I = \frac{|\Delta V|}{R} </math> where '''V''' is the voltage and '''I''' is the current and '''R''' is the resistance. In these equations voltage and resistance are independent variables and Current is the dependant variable. This law, while useful, only works for certain resistors called ohmic resistors.<br />
<br />
===Water Analogy===<br />
Electrical Resistance in a particular material is often compared to a pipes of varying diameter. The larger the pipe the easier it is for water to get through. This is equivalent to lower resistance in electricity.<br />
<br />
[[File:Thickness.gif]]<br />
<br />
===Resistivity of Materials===<br />
Every conductor has a natural resistivity that it relatively consistent at a given temperature. This number is calculated through experimentation. Here is a list of common conductors and their resistivity.<br />
<br />
[[File:Resistivity.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Temperature===<br />
In addition to each material having a different resistivity. The same materials at different temperatures have different resistivities. As materials heat up it becomes harder and harder for current to pass through them. This is because at the sub-atomic level. The nuclei are moving faster making it harder for electrons to move through.<br />
<br />
[[File:TemperatureHot.gif]] [[File:TemperatureCold.gif]]<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
3 examples of potential problems involving resistance.<br />
<br />
===Simple===<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
An unknown ohmic resistor is attached to a 3V battery and the current is measured at 1 amp. Calculate the resistance of the unknown resistor.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
Using the equation I=|dV|/R we can substitute is 1 for I and 3 for dV leaving us with the equation 1=3/R. Solving for R we come to the answer that the it must be a 3 ohm resistor.<br />
<br />
===Middling===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A cylinder of an unknown material has a resistance of 30 ohms. Another cylinder made of the exact same material is twice as long and has a radius that is twice as large. What is the resistance of this cylinder.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
Given the equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> we know that when the length is doubled the resistance must also double. In addition we know that when the radius is doubled, the cross section area must go up by a factor of 4. This means that the resistance would go down by a factor of 1/4. Putting both of those facts together know that R2 = R1 * 2 * 1/4 or R2 = 15 ohms.<br />
<br />
===Difficult===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A battery and resistor circuit is connected to a very sensitive ohmmeter is taken outside and left in the sun on a very hot day. what if anything will happen to its reading after being outside for a few minutes and why. Assume the battery is unaffected.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
The current would be less that it was inside. Since the circuit was taken outside the resistor would heat up due to the sun. This would in turn cause its resistance to go up. When the resistance goes up and the voltage of the battery stays the same. due to Ohms Law the current must go down, resulting in a lower reading.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
#How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?<br />
#How is it connected to your major?<br />
#Is there an interesting industrial application?<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<br />
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?<br />
<br />
===Further reading===<br />
<br />
1. Matter and Interactions by Ruth Chabay and Bruce Sherwood<br />
<br />
===External links===<br />
<br />
Helpful Links<br />
<br />
1. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/resis.html<br />
<br />
2. http://www.britannica.com/technology/resistance-electronics<br />
<br />
3. http://www.cleanroom.byu.edu/Resistivities.phtml<br />
<br />
4. http://www.nist.gov/data/PDFfiles/jpcrd155.pdf<br />
<br />
5. http://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/physics/phys03/bresist/default.htm<br />
<br />
Helpful Videos<br />
<br />
1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-PJcj1TCf_g<br />
<br />
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J4Vq-xHqUo8<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br />
<br />
[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>Cmcknight9http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Resistivity&diff=7825Resistivity2015-12-02T05:27:49Z<p>Cmcknight9: </p>
<hr />
<div>Resistivity is the measure of how difficult it is for a current to pass through a certain material at a certain temperature.<br />
<br />
This quantity often measured in ohms per meter <math>\Omega(\frac{Volts}{Amps\ Meter})</math> is used to determine the amount of current that will pass through a resistor of a certain material. Resistivity of an object is almost solely dependent on two factors, temperature and material. Resistivity unlike resistance is independent of the size or shape of a material.<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
State, in your own words, the main idea for this topic<br />
Electric Field of Capacitor<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
Resistance is often expressed in the following form <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> where R is the resistance <math>\rho</math> is the resistivity L is the length and A is the cross-sectional area.<br />
<br />
In a circuit the Electrical Resistance is often calculated using Ohm's law <math>R = \frac{|\Delta V|}{I} </math> Often written <math>I = \frac{|\Delta V|}{R} </math> where '''V''' is the voltage and '''I''' is the current and '''R''' is the resistance. In these equations voltage and resistance are independent variables and Current is the dependant variable. This law, while useful, only works for certain resistors called ohmic resistors.<br />
<br />
===Water Analogy===<br />
Electrical Resistance in a particular material is often compared to a pipes of varying diameter. The larger the pipe the easier it is for water to get through. This is equivalent to lower resistance in electricity.<br />
<br />
[[File:Thickness.gif]]<br />
<br />
===Resistivity of Materials===<br />
Every conductor has a natural resistivity that it relatively consistent at a given temperature. This number is calculated through experimentation. Here is a list of common conductors and their resistivity.<br />
<br />
[[File:Resistivity.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Temperature===<br />
In addition to each material having a different resistivity. The same materials at different temperatures have different resistivities. As materials heat up it becomes harder and harder for current to pass through them. This is because at the sub-atomic level. The nuclei are moving faster making it harder for electrons to move through.<br />
<br />
[[File:TemperatureHot.gif]] [[File:TemperatureCold.gif]]<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
3 examples of potential problems involving resistance.<br />
<br />
===Simple===<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
An unknown ohmic resistor is attached to a 3V battery and the current is measured at 1 amp. Calculate the resistance of the unknown resistor.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
Using the equation I=|dV|/R we can substitute is 1 for I and 3 for dV leaving us with the equation 1=3/R. Solving for R we come to the answer that the it must be a 3 ohm resistor.<br />
<br />
===Middling===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A cylinder of an unknown material has a resistance of 30 ohms. Another cylinder made of the exact same material is twice as long and has a radius that is twice as large. What is the resistance of this cylinder.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
Given the equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> we know that when the length is doubled the resistance must also double. In addition we know that when the radius is doubled, the cross section area must go up by a factor of 4. This means that the resistance would go down by a factor of 1/4. Putting both of those facts together know that R2 = R1 * 2 * 1/4 or R2 = 15 ohms.<br />
<br />
===Difficult===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A battery and resistor circuit is connected to a very sensitive ohmmeter is taken outside and left in the sun on a very hot day. what if anything will happen to its reading after being outside for a few minutes and why. Assume the battery is unaffected.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
The current would be less that it was inside. Since the circuit was taken outside the resistor would heat up due to the sun. This would in turn cause its resistance to go up. When the resistance goes up and the voltage of the battery stays the same. due to Ohms Law the current must go down, resulting in a lower reading.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
#How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?<br />
#How is it connected to your major?<br />
#Is there an interesting industrial application?<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<br />
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?<br />
<br />
===Further reading===<br />
<br />
1. Matter and Interactions by Ruth Chabay and Bruce Sherwood<br />
<br />
===External links===<br />
<br />
Helpful Links<br />
<br />
1. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/resis.html<br />
<br />
2. http://www.britannica.com/technology/resistance-electronics<br />
<br />
3. http://www.cleanroom.byu.edu/Resistivities.phtml<br />
<br />
4. http://www.nist.gov/data/PDFfiles/jpcrd155.pdf<br />
<br />
5. http://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/physics/phys03/bresist/default.htm<br />
<br />
Helpful Videos<br />
<br />
1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-PJcj1TCf_g<br />
<br />
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J4Vq-xHqUo8<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br />
<br />
[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>Cmcknight9http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Resistivity&diff=7823Resistivity2015-12-02T05:27:26Z<p>Cmcknight9: </p>
<hr />
<div>Resistivity is the measure of how difficult it is for a current to pass through a certain material at a certain temperature.<br />
<br />
This quantity often measured in ohms per meter <math>\Omega(\frac{Volts}{Amps Meter})</math> is used to determine the amount of current that will pass through a resistor of a certain material. Resistivity of an object is almost solely dependent on two factors, temperature and material. Resistivity unlike resistance is independent of the size or shape of a material.<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
State, in your own words, the main idea for this topic<br />
Electric Field of Capacitor<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
Resistance is often expressed in the following form <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> where R is the resistance <math>\rho</math> is the resistivity L is the length and A is the cross-sectional area.<br />
<br />
In a circuit the Electrical Resistance is often calculated using Ohm's law <math>R = \frac{|\Delta V|}{I} </math> Often written <math>I = \frac{|\Delta V|}{R} </math> where '''V''' is the voltage and '''I''' is the current and '''R''' is the resistance. In these equations voltage and resistance are independent variables and Current is the dependant variable. This law, while useful, only works for certain resistors called ohmic resistors.<br />
<br />
===Water Analogy===<br />
Electrical Resistance in a particular material is often compared to a pipes of varying diameter. The larger the pipe the easier it is for water to get through. This is equivalent to lower resistance in electricity.<br />
<br />
[[File:Thickness.gif]]<br />
<br />
===Resistivity of Materials===<br />
Every conductor has a natural resistivity that it relatively consistent at a given temperature. This number is calculated through experimentation. Here is a list of common conductors and their resistivity.<br />
<br />
[[File:Resistivity.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Temperature===<br />
In addition to each material having a different resistivity. The same materials at different temperatures have different resistivities. As materials heat up it becomes harder and harder for current to pass through them. This is because at the sub-atomic level. The nuclei are moving faster making it harder for electrons to move through.<br />
<br />
[[File:TemperatureHot.gif]] [[File:TemperatureCold.gif]]<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
3 examples of potential problems involving resistance.<br />
<br />
===Simple===<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
An unknown ohmic resistor is attached to a 3V battery and the current is measured at 1 amp. Calculate the resistance of the unknown resistor.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
Using the equation I=|dV|/R we can substitute is 1 for I and 3 for dV leaving us with the equation 1=3/R. Solving for R we come to the answer that the it must be a 3 ohm resistor.<br />
<br />
===Middling===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A cylinder of an unknown material has a resistance of 30 ohms. Another cylinder made of the exact same material is twice as long and has a radius that is twice as large. What is the resistance of this cylinder.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
Given the equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> we know that when the length is doubled the resistance must also double. In addition we know that when the radius is doubled, the cross section area must go up by a factor of 4. This means that the resistance would go down by a factor of 1/4. Putting both of those facts together know that R2 = R1 * 2 * 1/4 or R2 = 15 ohms.<br />
<br />
===Difficult===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A battery and resistor circuit is connected to a very sensitive ohmmeter is taken outside and left in the sun on a very hot day. what if anything will happen to its reading after being outside for a few minutes and why. Assume the battery is unaffected.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
The current would be less that it was inside. Since the circuit was taken outside the resistor would heat up due to the sun. This would in turn cause its resistance to go up. When the resistance goes up and the voltage of the battery stays the same. due to Ohms Law the current must go down, resulting in a lower reading.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
#How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?<br />
#How is it connected to your major?<br />
#Is there an interesting industrial application?<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<br />
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?<br />
<br />
===Further reading===<br />
<br />
1. Matter and Interactions by Ruth Chabay and Bruce Sherwood<br />
<br />
===External links===<br />
<br />
Helpful Links<br />
<br />
1. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/resis.html<br />
<br />
2. http://www.britannica.com/technology/resistance-electronics<br />
<br />
3. http://www.cleanroom.byu.edu/Resistivities.phtml<br />
<br />
4. http://www.nist.gov/data/PDFfiles/jpcrd155.pdf<br />
<br />
5. http://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/physics/phys03/bresist/default.htm<br />
<br />
Helpful Videos<br />
<br />
1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-PJcj1TCf_g<br />
<br />
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J4Vq-xHqUo8<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br />
<br />
[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>Cmcknight9http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Resistivity&diff=7810Resistivity2015-12-02T05:22:42Z<p>Cmcknight9: </p>
<hr />
<div>Electrical Resistance is the measure of how difficult it is for a current to pass through a conductor.<br />
<br />
This quantity often measured in ohms <math>\Omega(\frac{Volts}{Amps})</math> is used to determine the amount of current that will pass through a circuit. Resistance itself is dependent on a variety of factors including material, shape, and temperature. In most applications the resistance of a wire is assumed to be zero.<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
State, in your own words, the main idea for this topic<br />
Electric Field of Capacitor<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
Resistance is often expressed in the following form <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> where R is the resistance <math>\rho</math> is the resistivity L is the length and A is the cross-sectional area.<br />
<br />
In a circuit the Electrical Resistance is often calculated using Ohm's law <math>R = \frac{|\Delta V|}{I} </math> Often written <math>I = \frac{|\Delta V|}{R} </math> where '''V''' is the voltage and '''I''' is the current and '''R''' is the resistance. In these equations voltage and resistance are independent variables and Current is the dependant variable. This law, while useful, only works for certain resistors called ohmic resistors.<br />
<br />
===Water Analogy===<br />
Electrical Resistance in a particular material is often compared to a pipes of varying diameter. The larger the pipe the easier it is for water to get through. This is equivalent to lower resistance in electricity.<br />
<br />
[[File:Thickness.gif]]<br />
<br />
===Resistivity of Materials===<br />
Every conductor has a natural resistivity that it relatively consistent at a given temperature. This number is calculated through experimentation. Here is a list of common conductors and their resistivity.<br />
<br />
[[File:Resistivity.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Temperature===<br />
In addition to each material having a different resistivity. The same materials at different temperatures have different resistivities. As materials heat up it becomes harder and harder for current to pass through them. This is because at the sub-atomic level. The nuclei are moving faster making it harder for electrons to move through.<br />
<br />
[[File:TemperatureHot.gif]] [[File:TemperatureCold.gif]]<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
3 examples of potential problems involving resistance.<br />
<br />
===Simple===<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
An unknown ohmic resistor is attached to a 3V battery and the current is measured at 1 amp. Calculate the resistance of the unknown resistor.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
Using the equation I=|dV|/R we can substitute is 1 for I and 3 for dV leaving us with the equation 1=3/R. Solving for R we come to the answer that the it must be a 3 ohm resistor.<br />
<br />
===Middling===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A cylinder of an unknown material has a resistance of 30 ohms. Another cylinder made of the exact same material is twice as long and has a radius that is twice as large. What is the resistance of this cylinder.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
Given the equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> we know that when the length is doubled the resistance must also double. In addition we know that when the radius is doubled, the cross section area must go up by a factor of 4. This means that the resistance would go down by a factor of 1/4. Putting both of those facts together know that R2 = R1 * 2 * 1/4 or R2 = 15 ohms.<br />
<br />
===Difficult===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A battery and resistor circuit is connected to a very sensitive ohmmeter is taken outside and left in the sun on a very hot day. what if anything will happen to its reading after being outside for a few minutes and why. Assume the battery is unaffected.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
The current would be less that it was inside. Since the circuit was taken outside the resistor would heat up due to the sun. This would in turn cause its resistance to go up. When the resistance goes up and the voltage of the battery stays the same. due to Ohms Law the current must go down, resulting in a lower reading.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
#How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?<br />
#How is it connected to your major?<br />
#Is there an interesting industrial application?<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<br />
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?<br />
<br />
===Further reading===<br />
<br />
1. Matter and Interactions by Ruth Chabay and Bruce Sherwood<br />
<br />
===External links===<br />
<br />
Helpful Links<br />
<br />
1. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/resis.html<br />
<br />
2. http://www.britannica.com/technology/resistance-electronics<br />
<br />
3. http://www.cleanroom.byu.edu/Resistivities.phtml<br />
<br />
4. http://www.nist.gov/data/PDFfiles/jpcrd155.pdf<br />
<br />
5. http://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/physics/phys03/bresist/default.htm<br />
<br />
Helpful Videos<br />
<br />
1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-PJcj1TCf_g<br />
<br />
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J4Vq-xHqUo8<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br />
<br />
[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>Cmcknight9http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=7805Main Page2015-12-02T05:21:03Z<p>Cmcknight9: </p>
<hr />
<div>__NOTOC__<br />
Welcome to the Georgia Tech Wiki for Intro Physics. This resources was created so that students can contribute and curate content to help those with limited or no access to a textbook. When reading this website, please correct any errors you may come across. If you read something that isn't clear, please consider revising it!<br />
<br />
Looking to make a contribution?<br />
#Pick a specific topic from intro physics<br />
#Add that topic, as a link to a new page, under the appropriate category listed below by editing this page.<br />
#Copy and paste the default [[Template]] into your new page and start editing.<br />
<br />
Please remember that this is not a textbook and you are not limited to expressing your ideas with only text and equations. Whenever possible embed: pictures, videos, diagrams, simulations, computational models (e.g. Glowscript), and whatever content you think makes learning physics easier for other students.<br />
<br />
== Source Material ==<br />
All of the content added to this resource must be in the public domain or similar free resource. If you are unsure about a source, contact the original author for permission. That said, there is a surprisingly large amount of introductory physics content scattered across the web. Here is an incomplete list of intro physics resources (please update as needed).<br />
* A physics resource written by experts for an expert audience [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Physics Physics Portal]<br />
* A wiki book on modern physics [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_Physics Modern Physics Wiki]<br />
* The MIT open courseware for intro physics [http://ocw.mit.edu/resources/res-8-002-a-wikitextbook-for-introductory-mechanics-fall-2009/index.htm MITOCW Wiki]<br />
* An online concept map of intro physics [http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/hph.html HyperPhysics]<br />
* Interactive physics simulations [https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/category/physics PhET]<br />
* OpenStax algebra based intro physics textbook [https://openstaxcollege.org/textbooks/college-physics College Physics]<br />
* The Open Source Physics project is a collection of online physics resources [http://www.opensourcephysics.org/ OSP]<br />
* A resource guide compiled by the [http://www.aapt.org/ AAPT] for educators [http://www.compadre.org/ ComPADRE]<br />
<br />
== Organizing Categories ==<br />
These are the broad, overarching categories, that we cover in two semester of introductory physics. You can add subcategories or make a new category as needed. A single topic should direct readers to a page in one of these catagories.<br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
===Interactions===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Kinds of Matter]]<br />
**[[Ball and Spring Model of Matter]]<br />
*[[Detecting Interactions]]<br />
*[[Fundamental Interactions]] <br />
*[[System & Surroundings]] <br />
*[[Newton's First Law of Motion]]<br />
*[[Newton's Second Law of Motion]]<br />
*[[Newton's Third Law of Motion]]<br />
*[[Gravitational Force]]<br />
*[[Electric Force]]<br />
*[[Conservation of Charge]]<br />
*[[Terminal Speed]]<br />
*[[Simple Harmonic Motion]]<br />
*[[Speed and Velocity]]<br />
*[[Electric Polarization]]<br />
*[[Perpetual Freefall (Orbit)]]<br />
*[[2-Dimensional Motion]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Theory===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Einstein's Theory of Special Relativity]]<br />
*[[Quantum Theory]]<br />
*[[Big Bang Theory]]<br />
*[[Maxwell's Electromagnetic Theory]]<br />
*[[Atomic Theory]]<br />
*[[Wave-Particle Duality]]<br />
*[[String Theory]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Notable Scientists===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Christian Doppler]]<br />
*[[Albert Einstein]]<br />
*[[Ernest Rutherford]]<br />
*[[Joseph Henry]]<br />
*[[Michael Faraday]]<br />
*[[J.J. Thomson]]<br />
*[[James Maxwell]]<br />
*[[Robert Hooke]]<br />
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss]]<br />
*[[Nikola Tesla]]<br />
*[[Andre Marie Ampere]]<br />
*[[Sir Isaac Newton]]<br />
*[[J. Robert Oppenheimer]]<br />
*[[Oliver Heaviside]]<br />
*[[Rosalind Franklin]]<br />
*[[Erwin Schrödinger]]<br />
*[[Enrico Fermi]]<br />
*[[Robert J. Van de Graaff]]<br />
*[[Charles de Coulomb]]<br />
*[[Hans Christian Ørsted]]<br />
*[[Philo Farnsworth]]<br />
*[[Niels Bohr]]<br />
*[[Georg Ohm]]<br />
*[[Galileo Galilei]]<br />
*[[Gustav Kirchhoff]]<br />
*[[Max Planck]]<br />
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]<br />
*[[Edwin Hall]]<br />
*[[James Watt]]<br />
*[[Count Alessandro Volta]]<br />
*[[Josiah Willard Gibbs]]<br />
*[[Richard Phillips Feynman]]<br />
*[[Sir David Brewster]]<br />
*[[Daniel Bernoulli]]<br />
*[[William Thomson]]<br />
*[[Leonhard Euler]]<br />
*[[Robert Fox Bacher]]<br />
*[[Stephen Hawking]]<br />
*[[Amedeo Avogadro]]<br />
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen]]<br />
*[[Pierre Laplace]]<br />
*[[Thomas Edison]]<br />
*[[Hendrik Lorentz]]<br />
*[[Jean-Baptiste Biot]]<br />
*[[Lise Meitner]]<br />
*[[Lisa Randall]]<br />
*[[Felix Savart]]<br />
*[[Heinrich Lenz]]<br />
*[[Max Born]]<br />
*[[Archimedes]]<br />
*[[Jean Baptiste Biot]]<br />
*[[Carl Sagan]]<br />
*[[Eugene Wigner]]<br />
*[[Marie Curie]]<br />
*[[Pierre Curie]]<br />
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]<br />
*[[Johannes Diderik van der Waals]]<br />
*[[Louis de Broglie]]<br />
*[[Aristotle]]<br />
*[[Wolfgang Pauli]]<br />
*[[Émilie du Châtelet]]<br />
*[[Blaise Pascal]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Properties of Matter===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Mass]]<br />
*[[Velocity]]<br />
*[[Relative Velocity]]<br />
*[[Density]]<br />
*[[Charge]]<br />
*[[Spin]]<br />
*[[SI Units]]<br />
*[[Heat Capacity]]<br />
*[[Specific Heat]]<br />
*[[Wavelength]]<br />
*[[Conductivity]]<br />
*[[Malleability]]<br />
*[[Weight]]<br />
*[[Boiling Point]]<br />
*[[Melting Point]]<br />
*[[Higgs Boson]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Contact Interactions===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
* [[Young's Modulus]]<br />
* [[Friction]]<br />
* [[Tension]]<br />
* [[Hooke's Law]]<br />
*[[Centripetal Force and Curving Motion]]<br />
*[[Compression or Normal Force]]<br />
* [[Length and Stiffness of an Interatomic Bond]]<br />
* [[Speed of Sound in a Solid]]<br />
* [[Iterative Prediction of Spring-Mass System]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Momentum===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
* [[Vectors]]<br />
* [[Kinematics]]<br />
* [[Conservation of Momentum]]<br />
* [[Predicting Change in multiple dimensions]]<br />
* [[Momentum Principle]]<br />
* [[Impulse Momentum]]<br />
* [[Curving Motion]]<br />
* [[Multi-particle Analysis of Momentum]]<br />
* [[Iterative Prediction]]<br />
* [[Newton's Laws and Linear Momentum]]<br />
* [[Net Force]]<br />
* [[Center of Mass]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Angular Momentum===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
* [[The Moments of Inertia]]<br />
* [[Moment of Inertia for a ring]]<br />
* [[Rotation]]<br />
* [[Torque]]<br />
* [[Systems with Zero Torque]]<br />
* [[Systems with Nonzero Torque]]<br />
* [[Right Hand Rule]]<br />
* [[Angular Velocity]]<br />
* [[Predicting the Position of a Rotating System]]<br />
* [[Translational Angular Momentum]]<br />
* [[The Angular Momentum Principle]]<br />
* [[Rotational Angular Momentum]]<br />
* [[Total Angular Momentum]]<br />
* [[Gyroscopes]]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Energy===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[The Photoelectric Effect]]<br />
*[[Photons]]<br />
*[[The Energy Principle]]<br />
*[[Predicting Change]]<br />
*[[Rest Mass Energy]]<br />
*[[Kinetic Energy]]<br />
*[[Potential Energy]]<br />
*[[Work]]<br />
*[[Thermal Energy]]<br />
*[[Conservation of Energy]]<br />
*[[Electric Potential]]<br />
*[[Energy Transfer due to a Temperature Difference]]<br />
*[[Gravitational Potential Energy]]<br />
*[[Point Particle Systems]]<br />
*[[Real Systems]]<br />
*[[Spring Potential Energy]]<br />
**[[Ball and Spring Model]]<br />
*[[Internal Energy]]<br />
**[[Potential Energy of a Pair of Neutral Atoms]]<br />
*[[Translational, Rotational and Vibrational Energy]]<br />
*[[Franck-Hertz Experiment]]<br />
*[[Power]]<br />
*[[Energy Graphs]]<br />
*[[Air Resistance]]<br />
*[[Electronic Energy Levels]]<br />
*[[Second Law of Thermodynamics and Entropy]]<br />
*[[Specific Heat Capacity]]<br />
*[[Electronic Energy Levels and Photons]]<br />
*[[Energy Density]]<br />
*[[Bohr Model]]<br />
*[[Quantized energy levels]]<br />
*[[Path Independence of Electric Potential]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Collisions===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Collisions]]<br />
*[[Maximally Inelastic Collision]]<br />
*[[Elastic Collisions]]<br />
*[[Inelastic Collisions]]<br />
*[[Head-on Collision of Equal Masses]]<br />
*[[Head-on Collision of Unequal Masses]]<br />
*[[Frame of Reference]]<br />
*[[Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Fields===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
* [[Electric Field]] of a<br />
** [[Point Charge]]<br />
** [[Electric Dipole]]<br />
** [[Capacitor]]<br />
** [[Charged Rod]]<br />
** [[Charged Ring]]<br />
** [[Charged Disk]]<br />
** [[Charged Spherical Shell]]<br />
** [[Charged Cylinder]]<br />
** [[Charged Hollow Cylinder]]<br />
**[[A Solid Sphere Charged Throughout Its Volume]]<br />
*[[Electric Potential]] <br />
**[[Potential Difference Path Independence]]<br />
**[[Potential Difference in a Uniform Field]]<br />
**[[Potential Difference of point charge in a non-Uniform Field]]<br />
**[[Sign of Potential Difference]]<br />
**[[Potential Difference in an Insulator]]<br />
**[[Energy Density and Electric Field]]<br />
** [[Systems of Charged Objects]]<br />
*[[Electric Force]]<br />
*[[Polarization]]<br />
*[[Charge Motion in Metals]]<br />
*[[Charge Transfer]]<br />
*[[Magnetic Field]]<br />
**[[Right-Hand Rule]]<br />
**[[Direction of Magnetic Field]]<br />
**[[Magnetic Field of a Long Straight Wire]]<br />
**[[Magnetic Field of a Loop]]<br />
**[[Magnetic Field of a Solenoid]]<br />
**[[Bar Magnet]]<br />
**[[Magnetic Dipole Moment]]<br />
**[[Magnetic Force]]<br />
**[[Hall Effect]]<br />
**[[Lorentz Force]]<br />
**[[Biot-Savart Law]]<br />
**[[Biot-Savart Law for Currents]]<br />
**[[Integration Techniques for Magnetic Field]]<br />
**[[Sparks in Air]]<br />
**[[Motional Emf]]<br />
**[[Detecting a Magnetic Field]]<br />
**[[Moving Point Charge]]<br />
**[[Non-Coulomb Electric Field]]<br />
**[[Motors and Generators]]<br />
**[[Solenoid Applications]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Simple Circuits===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Components]]<br />
*[[Steady State]]<br />
*[[Non Steady State]]<br />
*[[Charging and Discharging a Capacitor]]<br />
*[[Thin and Thick Wires]]<br />
*[[Node Rule]]<br />
*[[Loop Rule]]<br />
*[[Resistivity]]<br />
*[[Power in a circuit]]<br />
*[[Ammeters,Voltmeters,Ohmmeters]]<br />
*[[Current]]<br />
**[[AC]]<br />
*[[Ohm's Law]]<br />
*[[Series Circuits]]<br />
*[[Parallel Circuits]]<br />
*[[RC]]<br />
*[[Charge in a RC Circuit]]<br />
*[[Current in a RC circuit]]<br />
*[[Circular Loop of Wire]]<br />
*[[RL Circuit]]<br />
*[[LC Circuit]]<br />
*[[Surface Charge Distributions]]<br />
*[[Feedback]]<br />
*[[Transformers]]<br />
*[[Resistors and Conductivity]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Maxwell's Equations===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Gauss's Flux Theorem]]<br />
**[[Electric Fields]]<br />
**[[Magnetic Fields]]<br />
*[[Ampere's Law]]<br />
**[[Magnetic Field of Coaxial Cable Using Ampere's Law]]<br />
**[[Magnetic Field of a Long Thick Wire Using Ampere's Law]]<br />
**[[Magnetic Field of a Toroid Using Ampere's Law]]<br />
*[[Faraday's Law]]<br />
**[[Curly Electric Fields]]<br />
**[[Inductance]]<br />
***[[Transformers]]<br />
***[[Energy Density]]<br />
**[[Lenz's Law]]<br />
***[[Lenz Effect and the Jumping Ring]]<br />
**[[Motional Emf using Faraday's Law]]<br />
*[[Ampere-Maxwell Law]]<br />
*[[Superconductors]]<br />
**[[Meissner effect]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Radiation===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Producing a Radiative Electric Field]]<br />
*[[Sinusoidal Electromagnetic Radiaton]]<br />
*[[Lenses]]<br />
*[[Energy and Momentum Analysis in Radiation]]<br />
*[[Electromagnetic Propagation]]<br />
**[[Wavelength and Frequency]]<br />
*[[Snell's Law]]<br />
*[[Effects of Radiation on Matter]]<br />
*[[Light Propagation Through a Medium]]<br />
*[[Light Scaterring: Why is the Sky Blue]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Sound===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Doppler Effect]]<br />
*[[Nature, Behavior, and Properties of Sound]]<br />
*[[Resonance]]<br />
*[[Sound Barrier]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Waves===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Multisource Interference: Diffraction]]<br />
*[[Standing waves]]<br />
*[[Gravitational waves]]<br />
*[[Wave-Particle Duality]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Real Life Applications of Electromagnetic Principles===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Electromagnetic Junkyard Cranes]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
== Resources ==<br />
* Commonly used wiki commands [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Cheatsheet Wiki Cheatsheet]<br />
* A guide to representing equations in math mode [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula Wiki Math Mode]<br />
* A page to keep track of all the physics [[Constants]]<br />
* An overview of [[VPython]]</div>Cmcknight9http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Resistivity&diff=7803Resistivity2015-12-02T05:20:35Z<p>Cmcknight9: Created page with "Electrical Resistance is the measure of how difficult it is for a current to pass through a conductor. This quantity often measured in ohms <math>\Omega(\frac{Volts}{Amps})</..."</p>
<hr />
<div>Electrical Resistance is the measure of how difficult it is for a current to pass through a conductor.<br />
<br />
This quantity often measured in ohms <math>\Omega(\frac{Volts}{Amps})</math> is used to determine the amount of current that will pass through a circuit. Resistance itself is dependent on a variety of factors including material, shape, and temperature. In most applications the resistance of a wire is assumed to be zero.<br />
<br />
==The Main Idea==<br />
<br />
State, in your own words, the main idea for this topic<br />
Electric Field of Capacitor<br />
<br />
===A Mathematical Model===<br />
<br />
Resistance is often expressed in the following form <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> where R is the resistance <math>\rho</math> is the resistivity L is the length and A is the cross-sectional area.<br />
<br />
In a circuit the Electrical Resistance is often calculated using Ohm's law <math>R = \frac{|\Delta V|}{I} </math> Often written <math>I = \frac{|\Delta V|}{R} </math> where '''V''' is the voltage and '''I''' is the current and '''R''' is the resistance. In these equations voltage and resistance are independent variables and Current is the dependant variable. This law, while useful, only works for certain resistors called ohmic resistors.<br />
<br />
===Water Analogy===<br />
Electrical Resistance in a particular material is often compared to a pipes of varying diameter. The larger the pipe the easier it is for water to get through. This is equivalent to lower resistance in electricity.<br />
<br />
[[File:Thickness.gif]]<br />
<br />
===Resistivity of Materials===<br />
Every conductor has a natural resistivity that it relatively consistent at a given temperature. This number is calculated through experimentation. Here is a list of common conductors and their resistivity.<br />
<br />
[[File:Resistivity.jpg]]<br />
<br />
===Temperature===<br />
In addition to each material having a different resistivity. The same materials at different temperatures have different resistivities. As materials heat up it becomes harder and harder for current to pass through them. This is because at the sub-atomic level. The nuclei are moving faster making it harder for electrons to move through.<br />
<br />
[[File:TemperatureHot.gif]] [[File:TemperatureCold.gif]]<br />
<br />
==Examples==<br />
<br />
3 examples of potential problems involving resistance.<br />
<br />
===Simple===<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
An unknown ohmic resistor is attached to a 3V battery and the current is measured at 1 amp. Calculate the resistance of the unknown resistor.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
Using the equation I=|dV|/R we can substitute is 1 for I and 3 for dV leaving us with the equation 1=3/R. Solving for R we come to the answer that the it must be a 3 ohm resistor.<br />
<br />
===Middling===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A cylinder of an unknown material has a resistance of 30 ohms. Another cylinder made of the exact same material is twice as long and has a radius that is twice as large. What is the resistance of this cylinder.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
Given the equation <math>R = \frac{\rho L}{A} </math> we know that when the length is doubled the resistance must also double. In addition we know that when the radius is doubled, the cross section area must go up by a factor of 4. This means that the resistance would go down by a factor of 1/4. Putting both of those facts together know that R2 = R1 * 2 * 1/4 or R2 = 15 ohms.<br />
<br />
===Difficult===<br />
<br />
====Question====<br />
<br />
A battery and resistor circuit is connected to a very sensitive ohmmeter is taken outside and left in the sun on a very hot day. what if anything will happen to its reading after being outside for a few minutes and why. Assume the battery is unaffected.<br />
<br />
====Answer====<br />
<br />
The current would be less that it was inside. Since the circuit was taken outside the resistor would heat up due to the sun. This would in turn cause its resistance to go up. When the resistance goes up and the voltage of the battery stays the same. due to Ohms Law the current must go down, resulting in a lower reading.<br />
<br />
==Connectedness==<br />
#How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?<br />
#How is it connected to your major?<br />
#Is there an interesting industrial application?<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
<br />
Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
<br />
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?<br />
<br />
===Further reading===<br />
<br />
Books, Articles or other print media on this topic<br />
<br />
===External links===<br />
<br />
Helpful Links<br />
<br />
1. http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/electric/resis.html<br />
<br />
2. http://www.britannica.com/technology/resistance-electronics<br />
<br />
3. http://www.cleanroom.byu.edu/Resistivities.phtml<br />
<br />
4. http://www.nist.gov/data/PDFfiles/jpcrd155.pdf<br />
<br />
5. http://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/physics/phys03/bresist/default.htm<br />
<br />
Helpful Videos<br />
<br />
1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-PJcj1TCf_g<br />
<br />
2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J4Vq-xHqUo8<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
<br />
This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br />
<br />
[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>Cmcknight9http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=7802Main Page2015-12-02T05:19:53Z<p>Cmcknight9: /* Simple Circuits */</p>
<hr />
<div>__NOTOC__<br />
Welcome to the Georgia Tech Wiki for Intro Physics. This resources was created so that students can contribute and curate content to help those with limited or no access to a textbook. When reading this website, please correct any errors you may come across. If you read something that isn't clear, please consider revising it!<br />
<br />
Looking to make a contribution?<br />
#Pick a specific topic from intro physics<br />
#Add that topic, as a link to a new page, under the appropriate category listed below by editing this page.<br />
#Copy and paste the default [[Template]] into your new page and start editing.<br />
<br />
Please remember that this is not a textbook and you are not limited to expressing your ideas with only text and equations. Whenever possible embed: pictures, videos, diagrams, simulations, computational models (e.g. Glowscript), and whatever content you think makes learning physics easier for other students.<br />
<br />
== Source Material ==<br />
All of the content added to this resource must be in the public domain or similar free resource. If you are unsure about a source, contact the original author for permission. That said, there is a surprisingly large amount of introductory physics content scattered across the web. Here is an incomplete list of intro physics resources (please update as needed).<br />
* A physics resource written by experts for an expert audience [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Physics Physics Portal]<br />
* A wiki book on modern physics [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_Physics Modern Physics Wiki]<br />
* The MIT open courseware for intro physics [http://ocw.mit.edu/resources/res-8-002-a-wikitextbook-for-introductory-mechanics-fall-2009/index.htm MITOCW Wiki]<br />
* An online concept map of intro physics [http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/hph.html HyperPhysics]<br />
* Interactive physics simulations [https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/category/physics PhET]<br />
* OpenStax algebra based intro physics textbook [https://openstaxcollege.org/textbooks/college-physics College Physics]<br />
* The Open Source Physics project is a collection of online physics resources [http://www.opensourcephysics.org/ OSP]<br />
* A resource guide compiled by the [http://www.aapt.org/ AAPT] for educators [http://www.compadre.org/ ComPADRE]<br />
<br />
== Organizing Categories ==<br />
These are the broad, overarching categories, that we cover in two semester of introductory physics. You can add subcategories or make a new category as needed. A single topic should direct readers to a page in one of these catagories.<br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
===Interactions===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Kinds of Matter]]<br />
**[[Ball and Spring Model of Matter]]<br />
*[[Detecting Interactions]]<br />
*[[Fundamental Interactions]] <br />
*[[System & Surroundings]] <br />
*[[Newton's First Law of Motion]]<br />
*[[Newton's Second Law of Motion]]<br />
*[[Newton's Third Law of Motion]]<br />
*[[Gravitational Force]]<br />
*[[Electric Force]]<br />
*[[Conservation of Charge]]<br />
*[[Terminal Speed]]<br />
*[[Simple Harmonic Motion]]<br />
*[[Speed and Velocity]]<br />
*[[Electric Polarization]]<br />
*[[Perpetual Freefall (Orbit)]]<br />
*[[2-Dimensional Motion]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Theory===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Einstein's Theory of Special Relativity]]<br />
*[[Quantum Theory]]<br />
*[[Big Bang Theory]]<br />
*[[Maxwell's Electromagnetic Theory]]<br />
*[[Atomic Theory]]<br />
*[[Wave-Particle Duality]]<br />
*[[String Theory]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Notable Scientists===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Christian Doppler]]<br />
*[[Albert Einstein]]<br />
*[[Ernest Rutherford]]<br />
*[[Joseph Henry]]<br />
*[[Michael Faraday]]<br />
*[[J.J. Thomson]]<br />
*[[James Maxwell]]<br />
*[[Robert Hooke]]<br />
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss]]<br />
*[[Nikola Tesla]]<br />
*[[Andre Marie Ampere]]<br />
*[[Sir Isaac Newton]]<br />
*[[J. Robert Oppenheimer]]<br />
*[[Oliver Heaviside]]<br />
*[[Rosalind Franklin]]<br />
*[[Erwin Schrödinger]]<br />
*[[Enrico Fermi]]<br />
*[[Robert J. Van de Graaff]]<br />
*[[Charles de Coulomb]]<br />
*[[Hans Christian Ørsted]]<br />
*[[Philo Farnsworth]]<br />
*[[Niels Bohr]]<br />
*[[Georg Ohm]]<br />
*[[Galileo Galilei]]<br />
*[[Gustav Kirchhoff]]<br />
*[[Max Planck]]<br />
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]<br />
*[[Edwin Hall]]<br />
*[[James Watt]]<br />
*[[Count Alessandro Volta]]<br />
*[[Josiah Willard Gibbs]]<br />
*[[Richard Phillips Feynman]]<br />
*[[Sir David Brewster]]<br />
*[[Daniel Bernoulli]]<br />
*[[William Thomson]]<br />
*[[Leonhard Euler]]<br />
*[[Robert Fox Bacher]]<br />
*[[Stephen Hawking]]<br />
*[[Amedeo Avogadro]]<br />
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen]]<br />
*[[Pierre Laplace]]<br />
*[[Thomas Edison]]<br />
*[[Hendrik Lorentz]]<br />
*[[Jean-Baptiste Biot]]<br />
*[[Lise Meitner]]<br />
*[[Lisa Randall]]<br />
*[[Felix Savart]]<br />
*[[Heinrich Lenz]]<br />
*[[Max Born]]<br />
*[[Archimedes]]<br />
*[[Jean Baptiste Biot]]<br />
*[[Carl Sagan]]<br />
*[[Eugene Wigner]]<br />
*[[Marie Curie]]<br />
*[[Pierre Curie]]<br />
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]<br />
*[[Johannes Diderik van der Waals]]<br />
*[[Louis de Broglie]]<br />
*[[Aristotle]]<br />
*[[Wolfgang Pauli]]<br />
*[[Émilie du Châtelet]]<br />
*[[Blaise Pascal]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Properties of Matter===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Mass]]<br />
*[[Velocity]]<br />
*[[Relative Velocity]]<br />
*[[Density]]<br />
*[[Charge]]<br />
*[[Spin]]<br />
*[[SI Units]]<br />
*[[Heat Capacity]]<br />
*[[Specific Heat]]<br />
*[[Wavelength]]<br />
*[[Conductivity]]<br />
*[[Malleability]]<br />
*[[Weight]]<br />
*[[Boiling Point]]<br />
*[[Melting Point]]<br />
*[[Higgs Boson]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Contact Interactions===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
* [[Young's Modulus]]<br />
* [[Friction]]<br />
* [[Tension]]<br />
* [[Hooke's Law]]<br />
*[[Centripetal Force and Curving Motion]]<br />
*[[Compression or Normal Force]]<br />
* [[Length and Stiffness of an Interatomic Bond]]<br />
* [[Speed of Sound in a Solid]]<br />
* [[Iterative Prediction of Spring-Mass System]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Momentum===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
* [[Vectors]]<br />
* [[Kinematics]]<br />
* [[Conservation of Momentum]]<br />
* [[Predicting Change in multiple dimensions]]<br />
* [[Momentum Principle]]<br />
* [[Impulse Momentum]]<br />
* [[Curving Motion]]<br />
* [[Multi-particle Analysis of Momentum]]<br />
* [[Iterative Prediction]]<br />
* [[Newton's Laws and Linear Momentum]]<br />
* [[Net Force]]<br />
* [[Center of Mass]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Angular Momentum===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
* [[The Moments of Inertia]]<br />
* [[Moment of Inertia for a ring]]<br />
* [[Rotation]]<br />
* [[Torque]]<br />
* [[Systems with Zero Torque]]<br />
* [[Systems with Nonzero Torque]]<br />
* [[Right Hand Rule]]<br />
* [[Angular Velocity]]<br />
* [[Predicting the Position of a Rotating System]]<br />
* [[Translational Angular Momentum]]<br />
* [[The Angular Momentum Principle]]<br />
* [[Rotational Angular Momentum]]<br />
* [[Total Angular Momentum]]<br />
* [[Gyroscopes]]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Energy===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[The Photoelectric Effect]]<br />
*[[Photons]]<br />
*[[The Energy Principle]]<br />
*[[Predicting Change]]<br />
*[[Rest Mass Energy]]<br />
*[[Kinetic Energy]]<br />
*[[Potential Energy]]<br />
*[[Work]]<br />
*[[Thermal Energy]]<br />
*[[Conservation of Energy]]<br />
*[[Electric Potential]]<br />
*[[Energy Transfer due to a Temperature Difference]]<br />
*[[Gravitational Potential Energy]]<br />
*[[Point Particle Systems]]<br />
*[[Real Systems]]<br />
*[[Spring Potential Energy]]<br />
**[[Ball and Spring Model]]<br />
*[[Internal Energy]]<br />
**[[Potential Energy of a Pair of Neutral Atoms]]<br />
*[[Translational, Rotational and Vibrational Energy]]<br />
*[[Franck-Hertz Experiment]]<br />
*[[Power]]<br />
*[[Energy Graphs]]<br />
*[[Air Resistance]]<br />
*[[Electronic Energy Levels]]<br />
*[[Second Law of Thermodynamics and Entropy]]<br />
*[[Specific Heat Capacity]]<br />
*[[Electronic Energy Levels and Photons]]<br />
*[[Energy Density]]<br />
*[[Bohr Model]]<br />
*[[Quantized energy levels]]<br />
*[[Path Independence of Electric Potential]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Collisions===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Collisions]]<br />
*[[Maximally Inelastic Collision]]<br />
*[[Elastic Collisions]]<br />
*[[Inelastic Collisions]]<br />
*[[Head-on Collision of Equal Masses]]<br />
*[[Head-on Collision of Unequal Masses]]<br />
*[[Frame of Reference]]<br />
*[[Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Fields===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
* [[Electric Field]] of a<br />
** [[Point Charge]]<br />
** [[Electric Dipole]]<br />
** [[Capacitor]]<br />
** [[Charged Rod]]<br />
** [[Charged Ring]]<br />
** [[Charged Disk]]<br />
** [[Charged Spherical Shell]]<br />
** [[Charged Cylinder]]<br />
** [[Charged Hollow Cylinder]]<br />
**[[A Solid Sphere Charged Throughout Its Volume]]<br />
*[[Electric Potential]] <br />
**[[Potential Difference Path Independence]]<br />
**[[Potential Difference in a Uniform Field]]<br />
**[[Potential Difference of point charge in a non-Uniform Field]]<br />
**[[Sign of Potential Difference]]<br />
**[[Potential Difference in an Insulator]]<br />
**[[Energy Density and Electric Field]]<br />
** [[Systems of Charged Objects]]<br />
*[[Electric Force]]<br />
*[[Polarization]]<br />
*[[Charge Motion in Metals]]<br />
*[[Charge Transfer]]<br />
*[[Magnetic Field]]<br />
**[[Right-Hand Rule]]<br />
**[[Direction of Magnetic Field]]<br />
**[[Magnetic Field of a Long Straight Wire]]<br />
**[[Magnetic Field of a Loop]]<br />
**[[Magnetic Field of a Solenoid]]<br />
**[[Bar Magnet]]<br />
**[[Magnetic Dipole Moment]]<br />
**[[Magnetic Force]]<br />
**[[Hall Effect]]<br />
**[[Lorentz Force]]<br />
**[[Biot-Savart Law]]<br />
**[[Biot-Savart Law for Currents]]<br />
**[[Integration Techniques for Magnetic Field]]<br />
**[[Sparks in Air]]<br />
**[[Motional Emf]]<br />
**[[Detecting a Magnetic Field]]<br />
**[[Moving Point Charge]]<br />
**[[Non-Coulomb Electric Field]]<br />
**[[Motors and Generators]]<br />
**[[Solenoid Applications]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Simple Circuits===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Components]]<br />
*[[Steady State]]<br />
*[[Non Steady State]]<br />
*[[Charging and Discharging a Capacitor]]<br />
*[[Thin and Thick Wires]]<br />
*[[Node Rule]]<br />
*[[Loop Rule]]<br />
*[[Electrical Resistance]]<br />
*[[Resistivity]]<br />
*[[Power in a circuit]]<br />
*[[Ammeters,Voltmeters,Ohmmeters]]<br />
*[[Current]]<br />
**[[AC]]<br />
*[[Ohm's Law]]<br />
*[[Series Circuits]]<br />
*[[Parallel Circuits]]<br />
*[[RC]]<br />
*[[Charge in a RC Circuit]]<br />
*[[Current in a RC circuit]]<br />
*[[Circular Loop of Wire]]<br />
*[[RL Circuit]]<br />
*[[LC Circuit]]<br />
*[[Surface Charge Distributions]]<br />
*[[Feedback]]<br />
*[[Transformers]]<br />
*[[Resistors and Conductivity]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Maxwell's Equations===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Gauss's Flux Theorem]]<br />
**[[Electric Fields]]<br />
**[[Magnetic Fields]]<br />
*[[Ampere's Law]]<br />
**[[Magnetic Field of Coaxial Cable Using Ampere's Law]]<br />
**[[Magnetic Field of a Long Thick Wire Using Ampere's Law]]<br />
**[[Magnetic Field of a Toroid Using Ampere's Law]]<br />
*[[Faraday's Law]]<br />
**[[Curly Electric Fields]]<br />
**[[Inductance]]<br />
***[[Transformers]]<br />
***[[Energy Density]]<br />
**[[Lenz's Law]]<br />
***[[Lenz Effect and the Jumping Ring]]<br />
**[[Motional Emf using Faraday's Law]]<br />
*[[Ampere-Maxwell Law]]<br />
*[[Superconductors]]<br />
**[[Meissner effect]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Radiation===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Producing a Radiative Electric Field]]<br />
*[[Sinusoidal Electromagnetic Radiaton]]<br />
*[[Lenses]]<br />
*[[Energy and Momentum Analysis in Radiation]]<br />
*[[Electromagnetic Propagation]]<br />
**[[Wavelength and Frequency]]<br />
*[[Snell's Law]]<br />
*[[Effects of Radiation on Matter]]<br />
*[[Light Propagation Through a Medium]]<br />
*[[Light Scaterring: Why is the Sky Blue]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Sound===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Doppler Effect]]<br />
*[[Nature, Behavior, and Properties of Sound]]<br />
*[[Resonance]]<br />
*[[Sound Barrier]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Waves===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Multisource Interference: Diffraction]]<br />
*[[Standing waves]]<br />
*[[Gravitational waves]]<br />
*[[Wave-Particle Duality]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Real Life Applications of Electromagnetic Principles===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Electromagnetic Junkyard Cranes]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
== Resources ==<br />
* Commonly used wiki commands [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Cheatsheet Wiki Cheatsheet]<br />
* A guide to representing equations in math mode [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula Wiki Math Mode]<br />
* A page to keep track of all the physics [[Constants]]<br />
* An overview of [[VPython]]</div>Cmcknight9http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=File:Thickness.gif&diff=7765File:Thickness.gif2015-12-02T04:53:01Z<p>Cmcknight9: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Cmcknight9http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=File:TemperatureCold.gif&diff=7761File:TemperatureCold.gif2015-12-02T04:51:24Z<p>Cmcknight9: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Cmcknight9http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=File:TemperatureHot.gif&diff=7757File:TemperatureHot.gif2015-12-02T04:50:22Z<p>Cmcknight9: </p>
<hr />
<div></div>Cmcknight9http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=File:Resistivity.jpg&diff=7702File:Resistivity.jpg2015-12-02T04:31:27Z<p>Cmcknight9: Resistivity of different metals.</p>
<hr />
<div>Resistivity of different metals.</div>Cmcknight9http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=5860Main Page2015-12-01T16:11:58Z<p>Cmcknight9: </p>
<hr />
<div>__NOTOC__<br />
Welcome to the Georgia Tech Wiki for Intro Physics. This resources was created so that students can contribute and curate content to help those with limited or no access to a textbook. When reading this website, please correct any errors you may come across. If you read something that isn't clear, please consider revising it!<br />
<br />
Looking to make a contribution?<br />
#Pick a specific topic from intro physics<br />
#Add that topic, as a link to a new page, under the appropriate category listed below by editing this page.<br />
#Copy and paste the default [[Template]] into your new page and start editing.<br />
<br />
Please remember that this is not a textbook and you are not limited to expressing your ideas with only text and equations. Whenever possible embed: pictures, videos, diagrams, simulations, computational models (e.g. Glowscript), and whatever content you think makes learning physics easier for other students.<br />
<br />
== Source Material ==<br />
All of the content added to this resource must be in the public domain or similar free resource. If you are unsure about a source, contact the original author for permission. That said, there is a surprisingly large amount of introductory physics content scattered across the web. Here is an incomplete list of intro physics resources (please update as needed).<br />
* A physics resource written by experts for an expert audience [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Physics Physics Portal]<br />
* A wiki book on modern physics [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_Physics Modern Physics Wiki]<br />
* The MIT open courseware for intro physics [http://ocw.mit.edu/resources/res-8-002-a-wikitextbook-for-introductory-mechanics-fall-2009/index.htm MITOCW Wiki]<br />
* An online concept map of intro physics [http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/hph.html HyperPhysics]<br />
* Interactive physics simulations [https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/category/physics PhET]<br />
* OpenStax algebra based intro physics textbook [https://openstaxcollege.org/textbooks/college-physics College Physics]<br />
* The Open Source Physics project is a collection of online physics resources [http://www.opensourcephysics.org/ OSP]<br />
* A resource guide compiled by the [http://www.aapt.org/ AAPT] for educators [http://www.compadre.org/ ComPADRE]<br />
<br />
== Organizing Categories ==<br />
These are the broad, overarching categories, that we cover in two semester of introductory physics. You can add subcategories or make a new category as needed. A single topic should direct readers to a page in one of these catagories.<br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
===Interactions===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Kinds of Matter]]<br />
**[[Ball and Spring Model of Matter]]<br />
*[[Detecting Interactions]]<br />
*[[Fundamental Interactions]] <br />
*[[System & Surroundings]] <br />
*[[Newton's First Law of Motion]]<br />
*[[Newton's Second Law of Motion]]<br />
*[[Newton's Third Law of Motion]]<br />
*[[Gravitational Force]]<br />
*[[Electric Force]]<br />
*[[Terminal Speed]]<br />
*[[Simple Harmonic Motion]]<br />
*[[Speed and Velocity]]<br />
*[[Electric Polarization]]<br />
*[[Perpetual Freefall (Orbit)]]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Theory===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Einstein's Theory of Special Relativity]]<br />
*[[Quantum Theory]]<br />
*[[Big Bang Theory]]<br />
<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Notable Scientists===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Christian Doppler]]<br />
*[[Albert Einstein]]<br />
*[[Ernest Rutherford]]<br />
*[[Joseph Henry]]<br />
*[[Michael Faraday]]<br />
*[[J.J. Thomson]]<br />
*[[James Maxwell]]<br />
*[[Robert Hooke]]<br />
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss]]<br />
*[[Nikola Tesla]]<br />
*[[Andre Marie Ampere]]<br />
*[[Sir Isaac Newton]]<br />
*[[J. Robert Oppenheimer]]<br />
*[[Oliver Heaviside]]<br />
*[[Rosalind Franklin]]<br />
*[[Erwin Schrödinger]]<br />
*[[Enrico Fermi]]<br />
*[[Robert J. Van de Graaff]]<br />
*[[Charles de Coulomb]]<br />
*[[Hans Christian Ørsted]]<br />
*[[Philo Farnsworth]]<br />
*[[Niels Bohr]]<br />
*[[Georg Ohm]]<br />
*[[Galileo Galilei]]<br />
*[[Gustav Kirchhoff]]<br />
*[[Max Planck]]<br />
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]<br />
*[[Edwin Hall]]<br />
*[[James Watt]]<br />
*[[Count Alessandro Volta]]<br />
*[[Josiah Willard Gibbs]]<br />
*[[Richard Phillips Feynman]]<br />
*[[Sir David Brewster]]<br />
*[[Daniel Bernoulli]]<br />
*[[William Thomson]]<br />
*[[Leonhard Euler]]<br />
*[[Robert Fox Bacher]]<br />
*[[Stephen Hawking]]<br />
*[[Amedeo Avogadro]]<br />
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen]]<br />
*[[Pierre Laplace]]<br />
*[[Thomas Edison]]<br />
*[[Hendrik Lorentz]]<br />
*[[Jean-Baptiste Biot]]<br />
*[[Lise Meitner]]<br />
*[[Lisa Randall]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Properties of Matter===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Mass]]<br />
*[[Velocity]]<br />
*[[Relative Velocity]]<br />
*[[Density]]<br />
*[[Charge]]<br />
*[[Spin]]<br />
*[[SI Units]]<br />
*[[Heat Capacity]]<br />
*[[Specific Heat]]<br />
*[[Wavelength]]<br />
*[[Conductivity]]<br />
*[[Weight]]<br />
*[[Boiling Point]]<br />
*[[Melting Point]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Contact Interactions===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
* [[Young's Modulus]]<br />
* [[Friction]]<br />
* [[Tension]]<br />
* [[Hooke's Law]]<br />
*[[Centripetal Force and Curving Motion]]<br />
*[[Compression or Normal Force]]<br />
* [[Length and Stiffness of an Interatomic Bond]]<br />
* [[Speed of Sound in a Solid]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Momentum===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
* [[Vectors]]<br />
* [[Kinematics]]<br />
* [[Conservation of Momentum]]<br />
* [[Predicting Change in multiple dimensions]]<br />
* [[Momentum Principle]]<br />
* [[Impulse Momentum]]<br />
* [[Curving Motion]]<br />
* [[Multi-particle Analysis of Momentum]]<br />
* [[Iterative Prediction]]<br />
* [[Newton's Laws and Linear Momentum]]<br />
* [[Net Force]]<br />
* [[Center of Mass]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Angular Momentum===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
* [[The Moments of Inertia]]<br />
* [[Moment of Inertia for a ring]]<br />
* [[Rotation]]<br />
* [[Torque]]<br />
* [[Systems with Zero Torque]]<br />
* [[Systems with Nonzero Torque]]<br />
* [[Right Hand Rule]]<br />
* [[Angular Velocity]]<br />
* [[Predicting a Change in Rotation]]<br />
* [[Translational Angular Momentum]]<br />
* [[The Angular Momentum Principle]]<br />
* [[Rotational Angular Momentum]]<br />
* [[Total Angular Momentum]]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Energy===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[The Photoelectric Effect]]<br />
*[[Photons]]<br />
*[[The Energy Principle]]<br />
*[[Predicting Change]]<br />
*[[Rest Mass Energy]]<br />
*[[Kinetic Energy]]<br />
*[[Potential Energy]]<br />
*[[Work]]<br />
*[[Thermal Energy]]<br />
*[[Conservation of Energy]]<br />
*[[Electric Potential]]<br />
*[[Energy Transfer due to a Temperature Difference]]<br />
*[[Gravitational Potential Energy]]<br />
*[[Point Particle Systems]]<br />
*[[Real Systems]]<br />
*[[Spring Potential Energy]]<br />
**[[Ball and Spring Model]]<br />
*[[Internal Energy]]<br />
**[[Potential Energy of a Pair of Neutral Atoms]]<br />
*[[Translational, Rotational and Vibrational Energy]]<br />
*[[Franck-Hertz Experiment]]<br />
*[[Power]]<br />
*[[Energy Graphs]]<br />
*[[Air Resistance]]<br />
*[[Electronic Energy Levels]]<br />
*[[Second Law of Thermodynamics and Entropy]]<br />
*[[Specific Heat Capacity]]<br />
*[[Electronic Energy Levels and Photons]]<br />
*[[Energy Density]]<br />
*[[Relativistic Kinetic Energy]]<br />
*[[Bohr Model]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Collisions===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Collisions]]<br />
*[[Maximally Inelastic Collision]]<br />
*[[Elastic Collisions]]<br />
*[[Inelastic Collisions]]<br />
*[[Head-on Collision of Equal Masses]]<br />
*[[Head-on Collision of Unequal Masses]]<br />
*[[Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Fields===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
* [[Electric Field]] of a<br />
** [[Point Charge]]<br />
** [[Electric Dipole]]<br />
** [[Capacitor]]<br />
** [[Charged Rod]]<br />
** [[Charged Ring]]<br />
** [[Charged Disk]]<br />
** [[Charged Spherical Shell]]<br />
** [[Charged Cylinder]]<br />
**[[A Solid Sphere Charged Throughout Its Volume]]<br />
*[[Electric Potential]] <br />
**[[Potential Difference in a Uniform Field]]<br />
**[[Potential Difference of point charge in a non-Uniform Field]]<br />
**[[Sign of Potential Difference]]<br />
**[[Potential Difference in an Insulator]]<br />
**[[Energy Density and Electric Field]]<br />
*[[Electric Force]]<br />
*[[Polarization]]<br />
*[[Charge Motion in Metals]]<br />
*[[Charge Transfer]]<br />
*[[Magnetic Field]]<br />
**[[Right-Hand Rule]]<br />
**[[Direction of Magnetic Field]]<br />
**[[Magnetic Field of a Long Straight Wire]]<br />
**[[Magnetic Field of a Loop]]<br />
**[[Magnetic Field of a Solenoid]]<br />
**[[Bar Magnet]]<br />
**[[Magnetic Force]]<br />
**[[Hall Effect]]<br />
**[[Lorentz Force]]<br />
**[[Biot-Savart Law]]<br />
**[[Biot-Savart Law for Currents]]<br />
**[[Integration Techniques for Magnetic Field]]<br />
**[[Sparks in Air]]<br />
**[[Motional Emf]]<br />
**[[Detecting a Magnetic Field]]<br />
**[[Moving Point Charge]]<br />
**[[Non-Coulomb Electric Field]]<br />
**[[Motors and Generators]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Simple Circuits===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Components]]<br />
*[[Steady State]]<br />
*[[Non Steady State]]<br />
*[[Thin and Thick Wires]]<br />
*[[Node Rule]]<br />
*[[Loop Rule]]<br />
*[[Electrical Resistance]]<br />
*[[Power in a circuit]]<br />
*[[Ammeters,Voltmeters,Ohmmeters]]<br />
*[[Current]]<br />
*[[Ohm's Law]]<br />
*[[Series Circuits]]<br />
*[[RC]]<br />
*[[Circular Loop of Wire]]<br />
*[[RL Circuit]]<br />
*[[LC Circuit]]<br />
*[[Surface Charge Distributions]]<br />
*[[Feedback]]<br />
*[[Transformers]]<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Maxwell's Equations===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Gauss's Flux Theorem]]<br />
**[[Electric Fields]]<br />
**[[Magnetic Fields]]<br />
*[[Ampere's Law]]<br />
**[[Magnetic Field of Coaxial Cable Using Ampere's Law]]<br />
*[[Faraday's Law]]<br />
**[[Curly Electric Fields]]<br />
**[[Inductance]]<br />
**[[Lenz's Law]]<br />
***[[Lenz Effect and the Jumping Ring]]<br />
**[[Motional Emf using Faraday's Law]]<br />
*[[Ampere-Maxwell Law]]<br />
*[[Superconductors]]<br />
**[[Meissner effect]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Radiation===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Producing a Radiative Electric Field]]<br />
*[[Sinusoidal Electromagnetic Radiaton]]<br />
*[[Lenses]]<br />
*[[Energy and Momentum Analysis in Radiation]]<br />
*[[Electromagnetic Propagation]]<br />
**[[Wavelength and Frequency]]<br />
*[[Snell's Law]]<br />
*[[Light Propagation Through a Medium]]<br />
*[[Light Scaterring: Why is the Sky Blue]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Sound===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Doppler Effect]]<br />
*[[Nature, Behavior, and Properties of Sound]]<br />
*[[Resonance]]<br />
*[[Sound Barrier]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
*[[blahb]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
== Resources ==<br />
* Commonly used wiki commands [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Cheatsheet Wiki Cheatsheet]<br />
* A guide to representing equations in math mode [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula Wiki Math Mode]<br />
* A page to keep track of all the physics [[Constants]]<br />
* An overview of [[VPython]]</div>Cmcknight9http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=5851Main Page2015-12-01T15:57:26Z<p>Cmcknight9: </p>
<hr />
<div>__NOTOC__<br />
Welcome to the Georgia Tech Wiki for Intro Physics. This resources was created so that students can contribute and curate content to help those with limited or no access to a textbook. When reading this website, please correct any errors you may come across. If you read something that isn't clear, please consider revising it!<br />
<br />
Looking to make a contribution?<br />
#Pick a specific topic from intro physics<br />
#Add that topic, as a link to a new page, under the appropriate category listed below by editing this page.<br />
#Copy and paste the default [[Template]] into your new page and start editing.<br />
<br />
Please remember that this is not a textbook and you are not limited to expressing your ideas with only text and equations. Whenever possible embed: pictures, videos, diagrams, simulations, computational models (e.g. Glowscript), and whatever content you think makes learning physics easier for other students.<br />
<br />
== Source Material ==<br />
All of the content added to this resource must be in the public domain or similar free resource. If you are unsure about a source, contact the original author for permission. That said, there is a surprisingly large amount of introductory physics content scattered across the web. Here is an incomplete list of intro physics resources (please update as needed).<br />
* A physics resource written by experts for an expert audience [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Physics Physics Portal]<br />
* A wiki book on modern physics [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_Physics Modern Physics Wiki]<br />
* The MIT open courseware for intro physics [http://ocw.mit.edu/resources/res-8-002-a-wikitextbook-for-introductory-mechanics-fall-2009/index.htm MITOCW Wiki]<br />
* An online concept map of intro physics [http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/hph.html HyperPhysics]<br />
* Interactive physics simulations [https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/category/physics PhET]<br />
* OpenStax algebra based intro physics textbook [https://openstaxcollege.org/textbooks/college-physics College Physics]<br />
* The Open Source Physics project is a collection of online physics resources [http://www.opensourcephysics.org/ OSP]<br />
* A resource guide compiled by the [http://www.aapt.org/ AAPT] for educators [http://www.compadre.org/ ComPADRE]<br />
<br />
== Organizing Categories ==<br />
These are the broad, overarching categories, that we cover in two semester of introductory physics. You can add subcategories or make a new category as needed. A single topic should direct readers to a page in one of these catagories.<br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
===Interactions===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Kinds of Matter]]<br />
**[[Ball and Spring Model of Matter]]<br />
*[[Detecting Interactions]]<br />
*[[Fundamental Interactions]] <br />
*[[System & Surroundings]] <br />
*[[Newton's First Law of Motion]]<br />
*[[Newton's Second Law of Motion]]<br />
*[[Newton's Third Law of Motion]]<br />
*[[Gravitational Force]]<br />
*[[Electric Force]]<br />
*[[Terminal Speed]]<br />
*[[Simple Harmonic Motion]]<br />
*[[Speed and Velocity]]<br />
*[[Electric Polarization]]<br />
*[[Perpetual Freefall (Orbit)]]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Theory===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Einstein's Theory of Special Relativity]]<br />
*[[Quantum Theory]]<br />
*[[Big Bang Theory]]<br />
<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Notable Scientists===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Christian Doppler]]<br />
*[[Albert Einstein]]<br />
*[[Ernest Rutherford]]<br />
*[[Joseph Henry]]<br />
*[[Michael Faraday]]<br />
*[[J.J. Thomson]]<br />
*[[James Maxwell]]<br />
*[[Robert Hooke]]<br />
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss]]<br />
*[[Nikola Tesla]]<br />
*[[Andre Marie Ampere]]<br />
*[[Sir Isaac Newton]]<br />
*[[J. Robert Oppenheimer]]<br />
*[[Oliver Heaviside]]<br />
*[[Rosalind Franklin]]<br />
*[[Erwin Schrödinger]]<br />
*[[Enrico Fermi]]<br />
*[[Robert J. Van de Graaff]]<br />
*[[Charles de Coulomb]]<br />
*[[Hans Christian Ørsted]]<br />
*[[Philo Farnsworth]]<br />
*[[Niels Bohr]]<br />
*[[Georg Ohm]]<br />
*[[Galileo Galilei]]<br />
*[[Gustav Kirchhoff]]<br />
*[[Max Planck]]<br />
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]<br />
*[[Edwin Hall]]<br />
*[[James Watt]]<br />
*[[Count Alessandro Volta]]<br />
*[[Josiah Willard Gibbs]]<br />
*[[Richard Phillips Feynman]]<br />
*[[Sir David Brewster]]<br />
*[[Daniel Bernoulli]]<br />
*[[William Thomson]]<br />
*[[Leonhard Euler]]<br />
*[[Robert Fox Bacher]]<br />
*[[Stephen Hawking]]<br />
*[[Amedeo Avogadro]]<br />
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen]]<br />
*[[Pierre Laplace]]<br />
*[[Thomas Edison]]<br />
*[[Hendrik Lorentz]]<br />
*[[Jean-Baptiste Biot]]<br />
*[[Lise Meitner]]<br />
*[[Lisa Randall]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Properties of Matter===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Mass]]<br />
*[[Velocity]]<br />
*[[Relative Velocity]]<br />
*[[Density]]<br />
*[[Charge]]<br />
*[[Spin]]<br />
*[[SI Units]]<br />
*[[Heat Capacity]]<br />
*[[Specific Heat]]<br />
*[[Wavelength]]<br />
*[[Conductivity]]<br />
*[[Weight]]<br />
*[[Boiling Point]]<br />
*[[Melting Point]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Contact Interactions===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
* [[Young's Modulus]]<br />
* [[Friction]]<br />
* [[Tension]]<br />
* [[Hooke's Law]]<br />
*[[Centripetal Force and Curving Motion]]<br />
*[[Compression or Normal Force]]<br />
* [[Length and Stiffness of an Interatomic Bond]]<br />
* [[Speed of Sound in a Solid]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Momentum===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
* [[Vectors]]<br />
* [[Kinematics]]<br />
* [[Conservation of Momentum]]<br />
* [[Predicting Change in multiple dimensions]]<br />
* [[Momentum Principle]]<br />
* [[Impulse Momentum]]<br />
* [[Curving Motion]]<br />
* [[Multi-particle Analysis of Momentum]]<br />
* [[Iterative Prediction]]<br />
* [[Newton's Laws and Linear Momentum]]<br />
* [[Net Force]]<br />
* [[Center of Mass]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Angular Momentum===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
* [[The Moments of Inertia]]<br />
* [[Moment of Inertia for a ring]]<br />
* [[Rotation]]<br />
* [[Torque]]<br />
* [[Systems with Zero Torque]]<br />
* [[Systems with Nonzero Torque]]<br />
* [[Right Hand Rule]]<br />
* [[Angular Velocity]]<br />
* [[Predicting a Change in Rotation]]<br />
* [[Translational Angular Momentum]]<br />
* [[The Angular Momentum Principle]]<br />
* [[Rotational Angular Momentum]]<br />
* [[Total Angular Momentum]]<br />
<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Energy===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[The Photoelectric Effect]]<br />
*[[Photons]]<br />
*[[The Energy Principle]]<br />
*[[Predicting Change]]<br />
*[[Rest Mass Energy]]<br />
*[[Kinetic Energy]]<br />
*[[Potential Energy]]<br />
*[[Work]]<br />
*[[Thermal Energy]]<br />
*[[Conservation of Energy]]<br />
*[[Electric Potential]]<br />
*[[Energy Transfer due to a Temperature Difference]]<br />
*[[Gravitational Potential Energy]]<br />
*[[Point Particle Systems]]<br />
*[[Real Systems]]<br />
*[[Spring Potential Energy]]<br />
**[[Ball and Spring Model]]<br />
*[[Internal Energy]]<br />
**[[Potential Energy of a Pair of Neutral Atoms]]<br />
*[[Translational, Rotational and Vibrational Energy]]<br />
*[[Franck-Hertz Experiment]]<br />
*[[Power]]<br />
*[[Energy Graphs]]<br />
*[[Air Resistance]]<br />
*[[Electronic Energy Levels]]<br />
*[[Second Law of Thermodynamics and Entropy]]<br />
*[[Specific Heat Capacity]]<br />
*[[Electronic Energy Levels and Photons]]<br />
*[[Energy Density]]<br />
*[[Relativistic Kinetic Energy]]<br />
*[[Bohr Model]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Collisions===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Collisions]]<br />
*[[Maximally Inelastic Collision]]<br />
*[[Elastic Collisions]]<br />
*[[Inelastic Collisions]]<br />
*[[Head-on Collision of Equal Masses]]<br />
*[[Head-on Collision of Unequal Masses]]<br />
*[[Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Fields===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
* [[Electric Field]] of a<br />
** [[Point Charge]]<br />
** [[Electric Dipole]]<br />
** [[Capacitor]]<br />
** [[Charged Rod]]<br />
** [[Charged Ring]]<br />
** [[Charged Disk]]<br />
** [[Charged Spherical Shell]]<br />
** [[Charged Cylinder]]<br />
**[[A Solid Sphere Charged Throughout Its Volume]]<br />
*[[Electric Potential]] <br />
**[[Potential Difference in a Uniform Field]]<br />
**[[Potential Difference of point charge in a non-Uniform Field]]<br />
**[[Sign of Potential Difference]]<br />
**[[Potential Difference in an Insulator]]<br />
**[[Energy Density and Electric Field]]<br />
*[[Electric Force]]<br />
*[[Polarization]]<br />
*[[Charge Motion in Metals]]<br />
*[[Charge Transfer]]<br />
*[[Magnetic Field]]<br />
**[[Right-Hand Rule]]<br />
**[[Direction of Magnetic Field]]<br />
**[[Magnetic Field of a Long Straight Wire]]<br />
**[[Magnetic Field of a Loop]]<br />
**[[Magnetic Field of a Solenoid]]<br />
**[[Bar Magnet]]<br />
**[[Magnetic Force]]<br />
**[[Hall Effect]]<br />
**[[Lorentz Force]]<br />
**[[Biot-Savart Law]]<br />
**[[Biot-Savart Law for Currents]]<br />
**[[Integration Techniques for Magnetic Field]]<br />
**[[Sparks in Air]]<br />
**[[Motional Emf]]<br />
**[[Detecting a Magnetic Field]]<br />
**[[Moving Point Charge]]<br />
**[[Non-Coulomb Electric Field]]<br />
**[[Motors and Generators]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Simple Circuits===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Components]]<br />
*[[Steady State]]<br />
*[[Non Steady State]]<br />
*[[Electrical Resistance]]<br />
*[[Thin and Thick Wires]]<br />
*[[Node Rule]]<br />
*[[Loop Rule]]<br />
*[[Power in a circuit]]<br />
*[[Ammeters,Voltmeters,Ohmmeters]]<br />
*[[Current]]<br />
*[[Ohm's Law]]<br />
*[[Series Circuits]]<br />
*[[RC]]<br />
*[[Circular Loop of Wire]]<br />
*[[RL Circuit]]<br />
*[[LC Circuit]]<br />
*[[Surface Charge Distributions]]<br />
*[[Feedback]]<br />
*[[Transformers]]<br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Maxwell's Equations===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Gauss's Flux Theorem]]<br />
**[[Electric Fields]]<br />
**[[Magnetic Fields]]<br />
*[[Ampere's Law]]<br />
**[[Magnetic Field of Coaxial Cable Using Ampere's Law]]<br />
*[[Faraday's Law]]<br />
**[[Curly Electric Fields]]<br />
**[[Inductance]]<br />
**[[Lenz's Law]]<br />
***[[Lenz Effect and the Jumping Ring]]<br />
**[[Motional Emf using Faraday's Law]]<br />
*[[Ampere-Maxwell Law]]<br />
*[[Superconductors]]<br />
**[[Meissner effect]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Radiation===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Producing a Radiative Electric Field]]<br />
*[[Sinusoidal Electromagnetic Radiaton]]<br />
*[[Lenses]]<br />
*[[Energy and Momentum Analysis in Radiation]]<br />
*[[Electromagnetic Propagation]]<br />
**[[Wavelength and Frequency]]<br />
*[[Snell's Law]]<br />
*[[Light Propagation Through a Medium]]<br />
*[[Light Scaterring: Why is the Sky Blue]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><br />
<br />
===Sound===<br />
<div class="mw-collapsible-content"><br />
*[[Doppler Effect]]<br />
*[[Nature, Behavior, and Properties of Sound]]<br />
*[[Resonance]]<br />
*[[Sound Barrier]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
*[[blahb]]<br />
</div><br />
</div><br />
<br />
== Resources ==<br />
* Commonly used wiki commands [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Cheatsheet Wiki Cheatsheet]<br />
* A guide to representing equations in math mode [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula Wiki Math Mode]<br />
* A page to keep track of all the physics [[Constants]]<br />
* An overview of [[VPython]]</div>Cmcknight9