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	<updated>2026-05-04T03:59:45Z</updated>
	<subtitle>User contributions</subtitle>
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	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=19374</id>
		<title>Johann Wilhelm Ritter</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=19374"/>
		<updated>2015-12-06T04:02:22Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hwang433: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Johann Wilhelm Ritter was a German chemist and physicist (16 December 1776 - 23 January 1810) who discovered Ultraviolet (UV) light. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File: Ritter-Johann-Wilhelm.png|thumb|Ritter-Johann-Wilhelm.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Life and Discovery==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Born and raised in a wealthy German family, Ritter was inspired with science when he was 14 years old. He self-taught himself to become a scientist and made many experimental researches on chemistry, electricity, and waves. His first scientific research had to do with the galvanic phenomena. Around 1800, William Nicholson and Anthony Carlisle discovered that water could be decomposed into oxygen and hydrogen by electricity. Few years later, Ritter discovered the same result, independently, which led to the discovery of the process of electroplating. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Many of his researches were inspired by a search for polarities in nature and relationship between those forces of nature. When William Herschel discovered &amp;quot;heat ray&amp;quot; or infrared radiation, Ritter was inspired to research the opposite or cooling radiation at the end of the visible spectrum. After multiple trials and errors, he noticed that silver chloride transformed faster from white to black when it was placed close to its violet end. The rays he found were later called as ultraviolet radiation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File: uv-black-light-wand.png|thumb| Black Light.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
After his discovery of ultraviolet light, Ritter progressed to do more research on electrical experiments, which led to his discovery of the process of electroplating. Through this, he invented the dry cell battery and developed a storage battery.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ritter had some of his researches that were not confirmed by other researchers. For example, he stated that the Earth had electric poles that could be detected by the motion of a bimetallic needle. Also, he reported that he could split water into hydrogen and oxygen by using series of magnets, instead of Volta&#039;s piles.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Later in his years, he married in 1804 and had four children. Through financial difficulties and weak health, he passed away in 1810.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==His Legacy==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We frequently use ultraviolet light in many different ways. For medicine, ultraviolet ray is used to disinfect equipment from bacteria and viruses. Through astronomy, ultraviolet light is used to study warmer objects in space and be able to see space in different way. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External Links==&lt;br /&gt;
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_hydrogen_technologies&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_particle_discoveries&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== See also ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other well known scientists,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Ernest Rutherford]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[James Maxwell]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Heinrich Hertz]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1. http://coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu/cosmic_classroom/classroom_activities/ritter_bio.html&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
3. http://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Wilhelm-Ritter&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hwang433</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=File:Uv-black-light-wand.png&amp;diff=19359</id>
		<title>File:Uv-black-light-wand.png</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=File:Uv-black-light-wand.png&amp;diff=19359"/>
		<updated>2015-12-06T04:00:41Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hwang433: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hwang433</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=19353</id>
		<title>Johann Wilhelm Ritter</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=19353"/>
		<updated>2015-12-06T04:00:03Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hwang433: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Work in progress and claimed by Heejae Wang&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Johann Wilhelm Ritter was a German chemist and physicist (16 December 1776 - 23 January 1810) who discovered Ultraviolet (UV) light. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File: Ritter-Johann-Wilhelm.png|thumb|Ritter-Johann-Wilhelm.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Life and Discovery==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Born and raised in a wealthy German family, Ritter was inspired with science when he was 14 years old. He self-taught himself to become a scientist and made many experimental researches on chemistry, electricity, and waves. His first scientific research had to do with the galvanic phenomena. Around 1800, William Nicholson and Anthony Carlisle discovered that water could be decomposed into oxygen and hydrogen by electricity. Few years later, Ritter discovered the same result, independently, which led to the discovery of the process of electroplating. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Many of his researches were inspired by a search for polarities in nature and relationship between those forces of nature. When William Herschel discovered &amp;quot;heat ray&amp;quot; or infrared radiation, Ritter was inspired to research the opposite or cooling radiation at the end of the visible spectrum. After multiple trials and errors, he noticed that silver chloride transformed faster from white to black when it was placed close to its violet end. The rays he found were later called as ultraviolet radiation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File: uv-black-light-wand.png|thumb| Black Light.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
After his discovery of ultraviolet light, Ritter progressed to do more research on electrical experiments, which led to his discovery of the process of electroplating. Through this, he invented the dry cell battery and developed a storage battery.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ritter had some of his researches that were not confirmed by other researchers. For example, he stated that the Earth had electric poles that could be detected by the motion of a bimetallic needle. Also, he reported that he could split water into hydrogen and oxygen by using series of magnets, instead of Volta&#039;s piles.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Later in his years, he married in 1804 and had four children. Through financial difficulties and weak health, he passed away in 1810.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==His Legacy==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We frequently use ultraviolet light in many different ways. For medicine, ultraviolet ray is used to disinfect equipment from bacteria and viruses. Through astronomy, ultraviolet light is used to study warmer objects in space and be able to see space in different way. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External Links==&lt;br /&gt;
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_hydrogen_technologies&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_particle_discoveries&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== See also ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other well known scientists,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Ernest Rutherford]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[James Maxwell]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Heinrich Hertz]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1. http://coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu/cosmic_classroom/classroom_activities/ritter_bio.html&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
3. http://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Wilhelm-Ritter&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hwang433</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=File:Uv-black-light-wand.jpg&amp;diff=19270</id>
		<title>File:Uv-black-light-wand.jpg</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=File:Uv-black-light-wand.jpg&amp;diff=19270"/>
		<updated>2015-12-06T03:49:16Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hwang433: Hwang433 uploaded a new version of &amp;amp;quot;File:Uv-black-light-wand.jpg&amp;amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hwang433</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=File:Uv-black-light-wand.jpg&amp;diff=19255</id>
		<title>File:Uv-black-light-wand.jpg</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=File:Uv-black-light-wand.jpg&amp;diff=19255"/>
		<updated>2015-12-06T03:48:02Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hwang433: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hwang433</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=19253</id>
		<title>Johann Wilhelm Ritter</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=19253"/>
		<updated>2015-12-06T03:47:48Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hwang433: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Work in progress and claimed by Heejae Wang&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Johann Wilhelm Ritter was a German chemist and physicist (16 December 1776 - 23 January 1810) who discovered Ultraviolet (UV) light. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File: Ritter-Johann-Wilhelm.png|thumb|Ritter-Johann-Wilhelm.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Life and Discovery==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Born and raised in a wealthy German family, Ritter was inspired with science when he was 14 years old. He self-taught himself to become a scientist and made many experimental researches on chemistry, electricity, and waves. His first scientific research had to do with the galvanic phenomena. Around 1800, William Nicholson and Anthony Carlisle discovered that water could be decomposed into oxygen and hydrogen by electricity. Few years later, Ritter discovered the same result, independently, which led to the discovery of the process of electroplating. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Many of his researches were inspired by a search for polarities in nature and relationship between those forces of nature. When William Herschel discovered &amp;quot;heat ray&amp;quot; or infrared radiation, Ritter was inspired to research the opposite or cooling radiation at the end of the visible spectrum. After multiple trials and errors, he noticed that silver chloride transformed faster from white to black when it was placed close to its violet end. The rays he found were later called as ultraviolet radiation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File: uv-black-light-wand.jpg| Black Light.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
After his discovery of ultraviolet light, Ritter progressed to do more research on electrical experiments, which led to his discovery of the process of electroplating. Through this, he invented the dry cell battery and developed a storage battery.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ritter had some of his researches that were not confirmed by other researchers. For example, he stated that the Earth had electric poles that could be detected by the motion of a bimetallic needle. Also, he reported that he could split water into hydrogen and oxygen by using series of magnets, instead of Volta&#039;s piles.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Later in his years, he married in 1804 and had four children. Through financial difficulties and weak health, he passed away in 1810.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==His Legacy==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We frequently use ultraviolet light in many different ways. For medicine, ultraviolet ray is used to disinfect equipment from bacteria and viruses. Through astronomy, ultraviolet light is used to study warmer objects in space and be able to see space in different way. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External Links==&lt;br /&gt;
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_hydrogen_technologies&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_particle_discoveries&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== See also ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other well known scientists,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Ernest Rutherford]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[James Maxwell]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Heinrich Hertz]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1. http://coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu/cosmic_classroom/classroom_activities/ritter_bio.html&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
3. http://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Wilhelm-Ritter&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hwang433</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=19218</id>
		<title>Johann Wilhelm Ritter</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=19218"/>
		<updated>2015-12-06T03:43:36Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hwang433: /* Connectedness */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Work in progress and claimed by Heejae Wang&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Johann Wilhelm Ritter was a German chemist and physicist (16 December 1776 - 23 January 1810) who discovered Ultraviolet (UV) light. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File: Ritter-Johann-Wilhelm.png|thumb|Ritter-Johann-Wilhelm.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Life and Discovery==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Born and raised in a wealthy German family, Ritter was inspired with science when he was 14 years old. He self-taught himself to become a scientist and made many experimental researches on chemistry, electricity, and waves. His first scientific research had to do with the galvanic phenomena. Around 1800, William Nicholson and Anthony Carlisle discovered that water could be decomposed into oxygen and hydrogen by electricity. Few years later, Ritter discovered the same result, independently, which led to the discovery of the process of electroplating. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Many of his researches were inspired by a search for polarities in nature and relationship between those forces of nature. When William Herschel discovered &amp;quot;heat ray&amp;quot; or infrared radiation, Ritter was inspired to research the opposite or cooling radiation at the end of the visible spectrum. After multiple trials and errors, he noticed that silver chloride transformed faster from white to black when it was placed close to its violet end. The rays he found were later called as ultraviolet radiation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
After his discovery of ultraviolet light, Ritter progressed to do more research on electrical experiments, which led to his discovery of the process of electroplating. Through this, he invented the dry cell battery and developed a storage battery.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ritter had some of his researches that were not confirmed by other researchers. For example, he stated that the Earth had electric poles that could be detected by the motion of a bimetallic needle. Also, he reported that he could split water into hydrogen and oxygen by using series of magnets, instead of Volta&#039;s piles.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Later in his years, he married in 1804 and had four children. Through financial difficulties and weak health, he passed away in 1810.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==His Legacy==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We frequently use ultraviolet light in many different ways. For medicine, ultraviolet ray is used to disinfect equipment from bacteria and viruses. Through astronomy, ultraviolet light is used to study warmer objects in space and be able to see space in different way. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External Links==&lt;br /&gt;
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_hydrogen_technologies&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
#https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timeline_of_particle_discoveries&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== See also ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other well known scientists,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Ernest Rutherford]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[James Maxwell]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Heinrich Hertz]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1. http://coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu/cosmic_classroom/classroom_activities/ritter_bio.html&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
3. http://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Wilhelm-Ritter&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hwang433</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=19203</id>
		<title>Johann Wilhelm Ritter</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=19203"/>
		<updated>2015-12-06T03:42:07Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hwang433: /* See also */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Work in progress and claimed by Heejae Wang&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Johann Wilhelm Ritter was a German chemist and physicist (16 December 1776 - 23 January 1810) who discovered Ultraviolet (UV) light. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File: Ritter-Johann-Wilhelm.png|thumb|Ritter-Johann-Wilhelm.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Life and Discovery==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Born and raised in a wealthy German family, Ritter was inspired with science when he was 14 years old. He self-taught himself to become a scientist and made many experimental researches on chemistry, electricity, and waves. His first scientific research had to do with the galvanic phenomena. Around 1800, William Nicholson and Anthony Carlisle discovered that water could be decomposed into oxygen and hydrogen by electricity. Few years later, Ritter discovered the same result, independently, which led to the discovery of the process of electroplating. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Many of his researches were inspired by a search for polarities in nature and relationship between those forces of nature. When William Herschel discovered &amp;quot;heat ray&amp;quot; or infrared radiation, Ritter was inspired to research the opposite or cooling radiation at the end of the visible spectrum. After multiple trials and errors, he noticed that silver chloride transformed faster from white to black when it was placed close to its violet end. The rays he found were later called as ultraviolet radiation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
After his discovery of ultraviolet light, Ritter progressed to do more research on electrical experiments, which led to his discovery of the process of electroplating. Through this, he invented the dry cell battery and developed a storage battery.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ritter had some of his researches that were not confirmed by other researchers. For example, he stated that the Earth had electric poles that could be detected by the motion of a bimetallic needle. Also, he reported that he could split water into hydrogen and oxygen by using series of magnets, instead of Volta&#039;s piles.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Later in his years, he married in 1804 and had four children. Through financial difficulties and weak health, he passed away in 1810.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==His Legacy==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We frequently use ultraviolet light in many different ways. For medicine, ultraviolet ray is used to disinfect equipment from bacteria and viruses. Through astronomy, ultraviolet light is used to study warmer objects in space and be able to see space in different way. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Connectedness==&lt;br /&gt;
#How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
#How is it connected to your major?&lt;br /&gt;
#Is there an interesting industrial application?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== See also ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other well known scientists,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Ernest Rutherford]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[James Maxwell]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Heinrich Hertz]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1. http://coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu/cosmic_classroom/classroom_activities/ritter_bio.html&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
3. http://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Wilhelm-Ritter&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hwang433</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=19190</id>
		<title>Johann Wilhelm Ritter</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=19190"/>
		<updated>2015-12-06T03:40:21Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hwang433: /* See also */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Work in progress and claimed by Heejae Wang&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Johann Wilhelm Ritter was a German chemist and physicist (16 December 1776 - 23 January 1810) who discovered Ultraviolet (UV) light. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File: Ritter-Johann-Wilhelm.png|thumb|Ritter-Johann-Wilhelm.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Life and Discovery==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Born and raised in a wealthy German family, Ritter was inspired with science when he was 14 years old. He self-taught himself to become a scientist and made many experimental researches on chemistry, electricity, and waves. His first scientific research had to do with the galvanic phenomena. Around 1800, William Nicholson and Anthony Carlisle discovered that water could be decomposed into oxygen and hydrogen by electricity. Few years later, Ritter discovered the same result, independently, which led to the discovery of the process of electroplating. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Many of his researches were inspired by a search for polarities in nature and relationship between those forces of nature. When William Herschel discovered &amp;quot;heat ray&amp;quot; or infrared radiation, Ritter was inspired to research the opposite or cooling radiation at the end of the visible spectrum. After multiple trials and errors, he noticed that silver chloride transformed faster from white to black when it was placed close to its violet end. The rays he found were later called as ultraviolet radiation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
After his discovery of ultraviolet light, Ritter progressed to do more research on electrical experiments, which led to his discovery of the process of electroplating. Through this, he invented the dry cell battery and developed a storage battery.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ritter had some of his researches that were not confirmed by other researchers. For example, he stated that the Earth had electric poles that could be detected by the motion of a bimetallic needle. Also, he reported that he could split water into hydrogen and oxygen by using series of magnets, instead of Volta&#039;s piles.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Later in his years, he married in 1804 and had four children. Through financial difficulties and weak health, he passed away in 1810.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==His Legacy==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We frequently use ultraviolet light in many different ways. For medicine, ultraviolet ray is used to disinfect equipment from bacteria and viruses. Through astronomy, ultraviolet light is used to study warmer objects in space and be able to see space in different way. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Connectedness==&lt;br /&gt;
#How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
#How is it connected to your major?&lt;br /&gt;
#Is there an interesting industrial application?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== See also ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other well known scientists,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1. http://coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu/cosmic_classroom/classroom_activities/ritter_bio.html&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
3. http://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Wilhelm-Ritter&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hwang433</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=19170</id>
		<title>Johann Wilhelm Ritter</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=19170"/>
		<updated>2015-12-06T03:38:50Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hwang433: /* Connectedness */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Work in progress and claimed by Heejae Wang&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Johann Wilhelm Ritter was a German chemist and physicist (16 December 1776 - 23 January 1810) who discovered Ultraviolet (UV) light. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File: Ritter-Johann-Wilhelm.png|thumb|Ritter-Johann-Wilhelm.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Life and Discovery==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Born and raised in a wealthy German family, Ritter was inspired with science when he was 14 years old. He self-taught himself to become a scientist and made many experimental researches on chemistry, electricity, and waves. His first scientific research had to do with the galvanic phenomena. Around 1800, William Nicholson and Anthony Carlisle discovered that water could be decomposed into oxygen and hydrogen by electricity. Few years later, Ritter discovered the same result, independently, which led to the discovery of the process of electroplating. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Many of his researches were inspired by a search for polarities in nature and relationship between those forces of nature. When William Herschel discovered &amp;quot;heat ray&amp;quot; or infrared radiation, Ritter was inspired to research the opposite or cooling radiation at the end of the visible spectrum. After multiple trials and errors, he noticed that silver chloride transformed faster from white to black when it was placed close to its violet end. The rays he found were later called as ultraviolet radiation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
After his discovery of ultraviolet light, Ritter progressed to do more research on electrical experiments, which led to his discovery of the process of electroplating. Through this, he invented the dry cell battery and developed a storage battery.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ritter had some of his researches that were not confirmed by other researchers. For example, he stated that the Earth had electric poles that could be detected by the motion of a bimetallic needle. Also, he reported that he could split water into hydrogen and oxygen by using series of magnets, instead of Volta&#039;s piles.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Later in his years, he married in 1804 and had four children. Through financial difficulties and weak health, he passed away in 1810.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==His Legacy==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We frequently use ultraviolet light in many different ways. For medicine, ultraviolet ray is used to disinfect equipment from bacteria and viruses. Through astronomy, ultraviolet light is used to study warmer objects in space and be able to see space in different way. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Connectedness==&lt;br /&gt;
#How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
#How is it connected to your major?&lt;br /&gt;
#Is there an interesting industrial application?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== See also ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other well known scientists,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Luigi Galvani]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1. http://coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu/cosmic_classroom/classroom_activities/ritter_bio.html&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
3. http://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Wilhelm-Ritter&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hwang433</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=19150</id>
		<title>Johann Wilhelm Ritter</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=19150"/>
		<updated>2015-12-06T03:36:35Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hwang433: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Work in progress and claimed by Heejae Wang&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Johann Wilhelm Ritter was a German chemist and physicist (16 December 1776 - 23 January 1810) who discovered Ultraviolet (UV) light. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File: Ritter-Johann-Wilhelm.png|thumb|Ritter-Johann-Wilhelm.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Life and Discovery==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Born and raised in a wealthy German family, Ritter was inspired with science when he was 14 years old. He self-taught himself to become a scientist and made many experimental researches on chemistry, electricity, and waves. His first scientific research had to do with the galvanic phenomena. Around 1800, William Nicholson and Anthony Carlisle discovered that water could be decomposed into oxygen and hydrogen by electricity. Few years later, Ritter discovered the same result, independently, which led to the discovery of the process of electroplating. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Many of his researches were inspired by a search for polarities in nature and relationship between those forces of nature. When William Herschel discovered &amp;quot;heat ray&amp;quot; or infrared radiation, Ritter was inspired to research the opposite or cooling radiation at the end of the visible spectrum. After multiple trials and errors, he noticed that silver chloride transformed faster from white to black when it was placed close to its violet end. The rays he found were later called as ultraviolet radiation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
After his discovery of ultraviolet light, Ritter progressed to do more research on electrical experiments, which led to his discovery of the process of electroplating. Through this, he invented the dry cell battery and developed a storage battery.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ritter had some of his researches that were not confirmed by other researchers. For example, he stated that the Earth had electric poles that could be detected by the motion of a bimetallic needle. Also, he reported that he could split water into hydrogen and oxygen by using series of magnets, instead of Volta&#039;s piles.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Later in his years, he married in 1804 and had four children. Through financial difficulties and weak health, he passed away in 1810.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==His Legacy==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We frequently use ultraviolet light in many different ways. For medicine, ultraviolet ray is used to disinfect equipment from bacteria and viruses. Through astronomy, ultraviolet light is used to study warmer objects in space and be able to see space in different way. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Connectedness==&lt;br /&gt;
#How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?&lt;br /&gt;
#How is it connected to your major?&lt;br /&gt;
#Is there an interesting industrial application?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== See also ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Other well known scientists,&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Luigi Galvani]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
1. http://coolcosmos.ipac.caltech.edu/cosmic_classroom/classroom_activities/ritter_bio.html&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
3. http://www.britannica.com/biography/Johann-Wilhelm-Ritter&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hwang433</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=19121</id>
		<title>Johann Wilhelm Ritter</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=19121"/>
		<updated>2015-12-06T03:33:25Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hwang433: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Work in progress and claimed by Heejae Wang&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Johann Wilhelm Ritter was a German chemist and physicist (16 December 1776 - 23 January 1810) who discovered Ultraviolet (UV) light. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File: Ritter-Johann-Wilhelm.png|thumb|Ritter-Johann-Wilhelm.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Life and Discovery==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Born and raised in a wealthy German family, Ritter was inspired with science when he was 14 years old. He self-taught himself to become a scientist and made many experimental researches on chemistry, electricity, and waves. His first scientific research had to do with the galvanic phenomena. Around 1800, William Nicholson and Anthony Carlisle discovered that water could be decomposed into oxygen and hydrogen by electricity. Few years later, Ritter discovered the same result, independently, which led to the discovery of the process of electroplating. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Many of his researches were inspired by a search for polarities in nature and relationship between those forces of nature. When William Herschel discovered &amp;quot;heat ray&amp;quot; or infrared radiation, Ritter was inspired to research the opposite or cooling radiation at the end of the visible spectrum. After multiple trials and errors, he noticed that silver chloride transformed faster from white to black when it was placed close to its violet end. The rays he found were later called as ultraviolet radiation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
After his discovery of ultraviolet light, Ritter progressed to do more research on electrical experiments, which led to his discovery of the process of electroplating. Through this, he invented the dry cell battery and developed a storage battery.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ritter had some of his researches that were not confirmed by other researchers. For example, he stated that the Earth had electric poles that could be detected by the motion of a bimetallic needle. Also, he reported that he could split water into hydrogen and oxygen by using series of magnets, instead of Volta&#039;s piles.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Later in his years, he married in 1804 and had four children. Through financial difficulties and weak health, he passed away in 1810.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==His Legacy==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
We frequently use ultraviolet light in many different ways. For medicine, ultraviolet ray is used to disinfect equipment from bacteria and viruses. Through astronomy, ultraviolet light is used to study warmer objects in space and be able to see space in different way. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Examples==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Simple===&lt;br /&gt;
===Middling===&lt;br /&gt;
===Difficult===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Connectedness==&lt;br /&gt;
#How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?&lt;br /&gt;
#How is it connected to your major?&lt;br /&gt;
#Is there an interesting industrial application?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== See also ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore?  How does this topic fit into that context?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Further reading===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Books, Articles or other print media on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===External links===&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/bring-science-home-reaction-time/]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This section contains the the references you used while writing this page&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hwang433</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=File:Ritter-Johann-Wilhelm.png&amp;diff=19055</id>
		<title>File:Ritter-Johann-Wilhelm.png</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=File:Ritter-Johann-Wilhelm.png&amp;diff=19055"/>
		<updated>2015-12-06T03:26:27Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hwang433: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hwang433</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=19054</id>
		<title>Johann Wilhelm Ritter</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=19054"/>
		<updated>2015-12-06T03:26:15Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hwang433: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Work in progress and claimed by Heejae Wang&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Johann Wilhelm Ritter was a German chemist and physicist (16 December 1776 - 23 January 1810) who discovered Ultraviolet (UV) light. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File: Ritter-Johann-Wilhelm.png|thumb|Ritter-Johann-Wilhelm.]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Life and Discovery==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Born and raised in a wealthy German family, Ritter was inspired with science when he was 14 years old. He self-taught himself to become a scientist and made many experimental researches on chemistry, electricity, and waves. His first scientific research had to do with the galvanic phenomena. Around 1800, William Nicholson and Anthony Carlisle discovered that water could be decomposed into oxygen and hydrogen by electricity. Few years later, Ritter discovered the same result, independently, which led to the discovery of the process of electroplating. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Many of his researches were inspired by a search for polarities in nature and relationship between those forces of nature. When William Herschel discovered &amp;quot;heat ray&amp;quot; or infrared radiation, Ritter was inspired to research the opposite or cooling radiation at the end of the visible spectrum. After multiple trials and errors, he noticed that silver chloride transformed faster from white to black when it was placed close to its violet end. The rays he found were later called as ultraviolet radiation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ritter had some of his researches that were not confirmed by other researchers. For example, he stated that the Earth had electric poles that could be detected by the motion of a bimetallic needle. Also, he reported that he could split water into hydrogen and oxygen by using series of magnets, instead of Volta&#039;s piles.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Later in his years, he married in 1804 and had four children. Through financial difficulties and weak health, he passed away in 1810.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Examples==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Simple===&lt;br /&gt;
===Middling===&lt;br /&gt;
===Difficult===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Connectedness==&lt;br /&gt;
#How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?&lt;br /&gt;
#How is it connected to your major?&lt;br /&gt;
#Is there an interesting industrial application?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== See also ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore?  How does this topic fit into that context?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Further reading===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Books, Articles or other print media on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===External links===&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/bring-science-home-reaction-time/]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This section contains the the references you used while writing this page&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hwang433</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=18966</id>
		<title>Johann Wilhelm Ritter</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=18966"/>
		<updated>2015-12-06T03:20:10Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hwang433: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Work in progress and claimed by Heejae Wang&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Johann Wilhelm Ritter was a German chemist and physicist (16 December 1776 - 23 January 1810) who discovered Ultraviolet (UV) light. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Life and Discovery==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Born and raised in a wealthy German family, Ritter was inspired with science when he was 14 years old. He self-taught himself to become a scientist and made many experimental researches on chemistry, electricity, and waves. His first scientific research had to do with the galvanic phenomena. Around 1800, William Nicholson and Anthony Carlisle discovered that water could be decomposed into oxygen and hydrogen by electricity. Few years later, Ritter discovered the same result, independently, which led to the discovery of the process of electroplating. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Many of his researches were inspired by a search for polarities in nature and relationship between those forces of nature. When William Herschel discovered &amp;quot;heat ray&amp;quot; or infrared radiation, Ritter was inspired to research the opposite or cooling radiation at the end of the visible spectrum. After multiple trials and errors, he noticed that silver chloride transformed faster from white to black when it was placed close to its violet end. The rays he found were later called as ultraviolet radiation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ritter had some of his researches that were not confirmed by other researchers. For example, he stated that the Earth had electric poles that could be detected by the motion of a bimetallic needle. Also, he reported that he could split water into hydrogen and oxygen by using series of magnets, instead of Volta&#039;s piles.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Later in his years, he married in 1804 and had four children. Through financial difficulties and weak health, he passed away in 1810.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Examples==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Simple===&lt;br /&gt;
===Middling===&lt;br /&gt;
===Difficult===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Connectedness==&lt;br /&gt;
#How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?&lt;br /&gt;
#How is it connected to your major?&lt;br /&gt;
#Is there an interesting industrial application?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== See also ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore?  How does this topic fit into that context?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Further reading===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Books, Articles or other print media on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===External links===&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/bring-science-home-reaction-time/]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This section contains the the references you used while writing this page&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hwang433</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=9916</id>
		<title>Johann Wilhelm Ritter</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=9916"/>
		<updated>2015-12-03T07:12:17Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hwang433: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Work in progress and claimed by Heejae Wang&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Johann Wilhelm Ritter was a German chemist and physicist (16 December 1776 - 23 January 1810) who discovered Ultraviolet (UV) light. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Life and Discovery==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Born and raised in a wealthy German family, Ritter was inspired with science when he was 14 years old. He self-taught himself to become a scientist and made many experimental researches on chemistry, electricity, and waves. His first scientific research had to do with the galvanic phenomena. Around 1800, William Nicholson and Anthony Carlisle discovered that water could be decomposed into oxygen and hydrogen by electricity. Few years later, Ritter discovered the same result, independently, which led to the discovery of the process of electroplating. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Many of his researches were inspired by a search for polarities in nature and relationship between those forces of nature. When William Herschel discovered &amp;quot;heat ray&amp;quot; or infrared radiation, Ritter was inspired to research the opposite or cooling radiation at the end of the visible spectrum. After multiple trials and errors, he noticed that silver chloride transformed faster from white to black when it was placed close to its violet end. The rays he found were later called as ultraviolet radiation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ritter had some of his researches that were not confirmed by other researchers. For example, he stated that the Earth had electric poles that could be detected by the motion of a bimetallic needle. Also, he reported that he could split water into hydrogen and oxygen by using series of magnets, instead of Volta&#039;s piles.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Later in his years, he married in 1804 and had four children. Through financial difficulties and weak health, he passed away in 1810.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===A Mathematical Model===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic.  For example &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; where &#039;&#039;&#039;p&#039;&#039;&#039; is the momentum of the system and &#039;&#039;&#039;F&#039;&#039;&#039; is the net force from the surroundings.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===A Computational Model===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Examples==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Simple===&lt;br /&gt;
===Middling===&lt;br /&gt;
===Difficult===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Connectedness==&lt;br /&gt;
#How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?&lt;br /&gt;
#How is it connected to your major?&lt;br /&gt;
#Is there an interesting industrial application?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== See also ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore?  How does this topic fit into that context?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Further reading===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Books, Articles or other print media on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===External links===&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/bring-science-home-reaction-time/]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This section contains the the references you used while writing this page&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hwang433</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=9792</id>
		<title>Johann Wilhelm Ritter</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=9792"/>
		<updated>2015-12-03T06:07:06Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hwang433: /* The Main Idea */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Work in progress and claimed by Heejae Wang&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Johann Wilhelm Ritter was a German chemist and physicist (16 December 1776 - 23 January 1810) who discovered Ultraviolet (UV) light. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Life and Discovery==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Born and raised in a wealthy German family, Ritter was inspired with science when he was 14 years old. He self-taught himself to become a scientist and made many experimental researches on chemistry, electricity, and waves. His first scientific research had to do with the galvanic phenomena. Around 1800, William Nicholson and Anthony Carlisle discovered that water could be decomposed into oxygen and hydrogen by electricity. Few years later, Ritter discovered the same result, independently, which led to the discovery of the process of electroplating. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Many of his researches were inspired by a search for polarities in nature and relationship between those forces of nature. When William Herschel discovered &amp;quot;heat ray&amp;quot; or infrared radiation, Ritter was inspired to research the opposite or cooling radiation at the end of the visible spectrum. After multiple trials and errors, he noticed that silver chloride transformed faster from white to black when it was placed close to its violet end. The rays he found were later called as ultraviolet radiation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===A Mathematical Model===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic.  For example &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; where &#039;&#039;&#039;p&#039;&#039;&#039; is the momentum of the system and &#039;&#039;&#039;F&#039;&#039;&#039; is the net force from the surroundings.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===A Computational Model===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Examples==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Simple===&lt;br /&gt;
===Middling===&lt;br /&gt;
===Difficult===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Connectedness==&lt;br /&gt;
#How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?&lt;br /&gt;
#How is it connected to your major?&lt;br /&gt;
#Is there an interesting industrial application?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== See also ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore?  How does this topic fit into that context?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Further reading===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Books, Articles or other print media on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===External links===&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/bring-science-home-reaction-time/]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This section contains the the references you used while writing this page&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hwang433</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=9783</id>
		<title>Johann Wilhelm Ritter</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=9783"/>
		<updated>2015-12-03T06:03:31Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hwang433: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Work in progress and claimed by Heejae Wang&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Johann Wilhelm Ritter was a German chemist and physicist (16 December 1776 - 23 January 1810) who discovered Ultraviolet (UV) light. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Main Idea==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Born and raised in a wealthy German family, Ritter was inspired with science when he was 14 years old. He self-taught himself to become a scientist and made many experimental researches on chemistry, electricity, and waves. His first scientific research had to do with the galvanic phenomena. Around 1800, William Nicholson and Anthony Carlisle discovered that water could be decomposed into oxygen and hydrogen by electricity. Few years later, Ritter discovered the same result, independently, which led to the discovery of the process of electroplating. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Many of his researches were inspired by a search for polarities in nature and relationship between those forces of nature. When William Herschel discovered &amp;quot;heat ray&amp;quot; or infrared radiation, Ritter was inspired to research the opposite or cooling radiation at the end of the visible spectrum. After multiple trials and errors, he noticed that silver chloride transformed faster from white to black when it was placed close to its violet end. The rays he found were later called as ultraviolet radiation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===A Mathematical Model===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic.  For example &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; where &#039;&#039;&#039;p&#039;&#039;&#039; is the momentum of the system and &#039;&#039;&#039;F&#039;&#039;&#039; is the net force from the surroundings.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===A Computational Model===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Examples==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Simple===&lt;br /&gt;
===Middling===&lt;br /&gt;
===Difficult===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Connectedness==&lt;br /&gt;
#How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?&lt;br /&gt;
#How is it connected to your major?&lt;br /&gt;
#Is there an interesting industrial application?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== See also ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore?  How does this topic fit into that context?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Further reading===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Books, Articles or other print media on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===External links===&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/bring-science-home-reaction-time/]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This section contains the the references you used while writing this page&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hwang433</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=9773</id>
		<title>Johann Wilhelm Ritter</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=9773"/>
		<updated>2015-12-03T06:01:07Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hwang433: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Johann Wilhelm Ritter was a German chemist and physicist (16 December 1776 - 23 January 1810) who discovered Ultraviolet (UV) light. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Main Idea==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Born and raised in a wealthy German family, Ritter was inspired with science when he was 14 years old. He self-taught himself to become a scientist and made many experimental researches on chemistry, electricity, and waves. His first scientific research had to do with the galvanic phenomena. Around 1800, William Nicholson and Anthony Carlisle discovered that water could be decomposed into oxygen and hydrogen by electricity. Few years later, Ritter discovered the same result, independently, which led to the discovery of the process of electroplating. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Many of his researches were inspired by a search for polarities in nature and relationship between those forces of nature. When William Herschel discovered &amp;quot;heat ray&amp;quot; or infrared radiation, Ritter was inspired to research the opposite or cooling radiation at the end of the visible spectrum. After multiple trials and errors, he noticed that silver chloride transformed faster from white to black when it was placed close to its violet end. The rays he found were later called as ultraviolet radiation.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===A Mathematical Model===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic.  For example &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; where &#039;&#039;&#039;p&#039;&#039;&#039; is the momentum of the system and &#039;&#039;&#039;F&#039;&#039;&#039; is the net force from the surroundings.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===A Computational Model===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Examples==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Simple===&lt;br /&gt;
===Middling===&lt;br /&gt;
===Difficult===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Connectedness==&lt;br /&gt;
#How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?&lt;br /&gt;
#How is it connected to your major?&lt;br /&gt;
#Is there an interesting industrial application?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== See also ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore?  How does this topic fit into that context?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Further reading===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Books, Articles or other print media on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===External links===&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/bring-science-home-reaction-time/]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This section contains the the references you used while writing this page&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hwang433</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=9724</id>
		<title>Johann Wilhelm Ritter</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Johann_Wilhelm_Ritter&amp;diff=9724"/>
		<updated>2015-12-03T05:49:45Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hwang433: Created page with &amp;quot;Short Description of Topic  Johann Wilhelm Ritter was a German chemist and physicist (16 December 1776 - 23 January 1810) who discovered Ultraviolet (UV) light.   ==The Main I...&amp;quot;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;Short Description of Topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Johann Wilhelm Ritter was a German chemist and physicist (16 December 1776 - 23 January 1810) who discovered Ultraviolet (UV) light. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==The Main Idea==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Born and raised in a wealthy German family, Ritter was inspired with science when he was 14 years old. He self-taught himself to become a scientist and made many experimental researches on chemistry, electricity, and waves.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===A Mathematical Model===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic.  For example &amp;lt;math&amp;gt;{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}&amp;lt;/math&amp;gt; where &#039;&#039;&#039;p&#039;&#039;&#039; is the momentum of the system and &#039;&#039;&#039;F&#039;&#039;&#039; is the net force from the surroundings.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===A Computational Model===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Examples==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Simple===&lt;br /&gt;
===Middling===&lt;br /&gt;
===Difficult===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Connectedness==&lt;br /&gt;
#How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?&lt;br /&gt;
#How is it connected to your major?&lt;br /&gt;
#Is there an interesting industrial application?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==History==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== See also ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore?  How does this topic fit into that context?&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Further reading===&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Books, Articles or other print media on this topic&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===External links===&lt;br /&gt;
[http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/bring-science-home-reaction-time/]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==References==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
This section contains the the references you used while writing this page&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hwang433</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=9685</id>
		<title>Main Page</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=9685"/>
		<updated>2015-12-03T05:41:01Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hwang433: /* Notable Scientists */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;__NOTOC__&lt;br /&gt;
Welcome to the Georgia Tech Wiki for Intro Physics.  This resources was created so that students can contribute and curate content to help those with limited or no access to a textbook.  When reading this website, please correct any errors you may come across. If you read something that isn&#039;t clear, please consider revising it!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Looking to make a contribution?&lt;br /&gt;
#Pick a specific topic from intro physics&lt;br /&gt;
#Add that topic, as a link to a new page, under the appropriate category listed below by editing this page.&lt;br /&gt;
#Copy and paste the default [[Template]] into your new page and start editing.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please remember that this is not a textbook and you are not limited to expressing your ideas with only text and equations.  Whenever possible embed: pictures, videos, diagrams, simulations, computational models (e.g. Glowscript), and whatever content you think makes learning physics easier for other students.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Source Material ==&lt;br /&gt;
All of the content added to this resource must be in the public domain or similar free resource.  If you are unsure about a source, contact the original author for permission. That said, there is a surprisingly large amount of introductory physics content scattered across the web.  Here is an incomplete list of intro physics resources (please update as needed).&lt;br /&gt;
* A physics resource written by experts for an expert audience [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Physics Physics Portal]&lt;br /&gt;
* A wiki book on modern physics [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_Physics Modern Physics Wiki]&lt;br /&gt;
* The MIT open courseware for intro physics [http://ocw.mit.edu/resources/res-8-002-a-wikitextbook-for-introductory-mechanics-fall-2009/index.htm MITOCW Wiki]&lt;br /&gt;
* An online concept map of intro physics [http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/hph.html HyperPhysics]&lt;br /&gt;
* Interactive physics simulations [https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/category/physics PhET]&lt;br /&gt;
* OpenStax algebra based intro physics textbook [https://openstaxcollege.org/textbooks/college-physics College Physics]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Open Source Physics project is a collection of online physics resources [http://www.opensourcephysics.org/ OSP]&lt;br /&gt;
* A resource guide compiled by the [http://www.aapt.org/ AAPT] for educators [http://www.compadre.org/ ComPADRE]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Organizing Categories ==&lt;br /&gt;
These are the broad, overarching categories, that we cover in two semester of introductory physics.  You can add subcategories or make a new category as needed.  A single topic should direct readers to a page in one of these catagories.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
===Interactions===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Kinds of Matter]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Ball and Spring Model of Matter]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Detecting Interactions]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Fundamental Interactions]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Determinism]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[System &amp;amp; Surroundings]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Newton&#039;s First Law of Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Newton&#039;s Second Law of Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Newton&#039;s Third Law of Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gravitational Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electric Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conservation of Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conservation of Charge]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Terminal Speed]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Simple Harmonic Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Speed and Velocity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electric Polarization]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Perpetual Freefall (Orbit)]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[2-Dimensional Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Center of Mass]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Reaction Time]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Theory===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Einstein&#039;s Theory of Special Relativity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Quantum Theory]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Big Bang Theory]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Maxwell&#039;s Electromagnetic Theory]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Atomic Theory]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[String Theory]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Elementary Particles and Particle Physics Theory]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Notable Scientists===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Christian Doppler]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Albert Einstein]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ernest Rutherford]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Joseph Henry]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Michael Faraday]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[J.J. Thomson]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[James Maxwell]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Robert Hooke]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Nikola Tesla]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Andre Marie Ampere]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sir Isaac Newton]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[J. Robert Oppenheimer]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Oliver Heaviside]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Rosalind Franklin]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Erwin Schrödinger]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Enrico Fermi]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Robert J. Van de Graaff]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Charles de Coulomb]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hans Christian Ørsted]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Philo Farnsworth]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Niels Bohr]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Georg Ohm]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Galileo Galilei]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gustav Kirchhoff]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Max Planck]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Edwin Hall]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[James Watt]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Count Alessandro Volta]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Josiah Willard Gibbs]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Richard Phillips Feynman]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sir David Brewster]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Daniel Bernoulli]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[William Thomson]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Leonhard Euler]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Robert Fox Bacher]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Stephen Hawking]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Amedeo Avogadro]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Pierre Laplace]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Thomas Edison]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hendrik Lorentz]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Jean-Baptiste Biot]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lise Meitner]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lisa Randall]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Felix Savart]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Heinrich Lenz]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Max Born]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Archimedes]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Jean Baptiste Biot]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Carl Sagan]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Eugene Wigner]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Marie Curie]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Pierre Curie]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Johannes Diderik van der Waals]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Louis de Broglie]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Aristotle]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Émilie du Châtelet]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Blaise Pascal]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Benjamin Franklin]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[James Chadwick]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Henry Cavendish]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Thomas Young]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[James Prescott Joule]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[John Bardeen]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Leo Baekeland]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Alhazen]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Willebrod Snell]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Johannes Kepler]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Johann Wilhelm Ritter]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Properties of Matter===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Mass]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Velocity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Relative Velocity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Density]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Charge]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Spin]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[SI Units]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Heat Capacity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Specific Heat]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Wavelength]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conductivity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Malleability]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Weight]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Boiling Point]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Melting Point]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Inertia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Contact Interactions===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Young&#039;s Modulus]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Friction]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Tension]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Hooke&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Centripetal Force and Curving Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Compression or Normal Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Length and Stiffness of an Interatomic Bond]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Speed of Sound in a Solid]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Iterative Prediction of Spring-Mass System]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Momentum===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Vectors]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Kinematics]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Conservation of Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Predicting Change in multiple dimensions]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Momentum Principle]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Impulse Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Curving Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Multi-particle Analysis of Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Iterative Prediction]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Newton&#039;s Laws and Linear Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Net Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Center of Mass]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Momentum at High Speeds]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Change in Momentum in Time for Curving Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Angular Momentum===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[The Moments of Inertia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Moment of Inertia for a ring]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Rotation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Torque]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Systems with Zero Torque]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Systems with Nonzero Torque]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Right Hand Rule]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Angular Velocity]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Predicting the Position of a Rotating System]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Translational Angular Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[The Angular Momentum Principle]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Rotational Angular Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Total Angular Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Gyroscopes]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Angular Momentum Compared to Linear Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Energy===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[The Photoelectric Effect]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Photons]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[The Energy Principle]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Predicting Change]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Rest Mass Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Kinetic Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Potential Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Energy for a Magnetic Dipole]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Energy of a Multiparticle System]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Work]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Thermal Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conservation of Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electric Potential]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Energy Transfer due to a Temperature Difference]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gravitational Potential Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Point Particle Systems]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Real Systems]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Spring Potential Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Ball and Spring Model]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Internal Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Energy of a Pair of Neutral Atoms]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Translational, Rotational and Vibrational Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Franck-Hertz Experiment]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Power (Mechanical)]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Transformation of Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Energy Graphs]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Air Resistance]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electronic Energy Levels]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Second Law of Thermodynamics and Entropy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Specific Heat Capacity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electronic Energy Levels and Photons]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Energy Density]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Bohr Model]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Quantized energy levels]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Path Independence of Electric Potential]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Collisions===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Collisions]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Maximally Inelastic Collision]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Elastic Collisions]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Inelastic Collisions]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Head-on Collision of Equal Masses]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Head-on Collision of Unequal Masses]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Frame of Reference]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Fields===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Electric Field]] of a&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Point Charge]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Electric Dipole]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Capacitor]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Charged Rod]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Charged Ring]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Charged Disk]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Charged Spherical Shell]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Charged Cylinder]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Charge Density]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[A Solid Sphere Charged Throughout Its Volume]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electric Potential]] &lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Difference Path Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Difference in a Uniform Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Difference of point charge in a non-Uniform Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Sign of Potential Difference]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Difference in an Insulator]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Energy Density and Electric Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Systems of Charged Objects]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electric Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Polarization]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Polarization of an Atom]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Charge Motion in Metals]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Charge Transfer]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Magnetic Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Right-Hand Rule]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Direction of Magnetic Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Field of a Long Straight Wire]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Field of a Loop]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Field of a Solenoid]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Bar Magnet]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Dipole Moment]]&lt;br /&gt;
***[[Stern-Gerlach Experiment]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Combining Electric and Magnetic Forces]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Torque]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Hall Effect]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Lorentz Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Biot-Savart Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Biot-Savart Law for Currents]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Integration Techniques for Magnetic Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Sparks in Air]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Motional Emf]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Detecting a Magnetic Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Moving Point Charge]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Non-Coulomb Electric Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Motors and Generators]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Solenoid Applications]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Simple Circuits===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Components]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Steady State]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Non Steady State]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Charging and Discharging a Capacitor]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Thin and Thick Wires]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Node Rule]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Loop Rule]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Resistivity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Power in a circuit]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ammeters,Voltmeters,Ohmmeters]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Current]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[AC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ohm&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Series Circuits]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Parallel Circuits]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[RC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[AC vs DC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Charge in a RC Circuit]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Current in a RC circuit]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Circular Loop of Wire]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[RL Circuit]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[LC Circuit]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Surface Charge Distributions]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Feedback]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Transformers (Circuits)]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Resistors and Conductivity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Semiconductor Devices]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Maxwell&#039;s Equations===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gauss&#039;s Flux Theorem]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Electric Fields]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Fields]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ampere&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Field of Coaxial Cable Using Ampere&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Field of a Long Thick Wire Using Ampere&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Field of a Toroid Using Ampere&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Faraday&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Curly Electric Fields]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Inductance]]&lt;br /&gt;
***[[Transformers from a physics standpoint]]&lt;br /&gt;
***[[Energy Density]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Lenz&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
***[[Lenz Effect and the Jumping Ring]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Motional Emf using Faraday&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ampere-Maxwell Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Superconductors]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Meissner effect]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Radiation===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Producing a Radiative Electric Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sinusoidal Electromagnetic Radiaton]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lenses]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Energy and Momentum Analysis in Radiation]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Poynting Vector]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electromagnetic Propagation]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Wavelength and Frequency]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Snell&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Effects of Radiation on Matter]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Light Propagation Through a Medium]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Light Scaterring: Why is the Sky Blue]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Light Refraction: Bending of light]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Cherenkov Radiation]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Sound===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Doppler Effect]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Nature, Behavior, and Properties of Sound]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Resonance]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sound Barrier]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Waves===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Multisource Interference: Diffraction]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Standing waves]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gravitational waves]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Wave-Particle Duality]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electromagnetic Waves]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electromagnetic Spectrum]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Color Light Wave]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Real Life Applications of Electromagnetic Principles===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electromagnetic Junkyard Cranes]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Maglev Trains]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Spark Plugs]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Metal Detectors]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[The Microwave]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Resources ==&lt;br /&gt;
* Commonly used wiki commands [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Cheatsheet Wiki Cheatsheet]&lt;br /&gt;
* A guide to representing equations in math mode [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula Wiki Math Mode]&lt;br /&gt;
* A page to keep track of all the physics [[Constants]]&lt;br /&gt;
* An overview of [[VPython]], [http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/VPython_basics beginner guide to VPython]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hwang433</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=9684</id>
		<title>Main Page</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=9684"/>
		<updated>2015-12-03T05:40:39Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hwang433: /* Real Life Applications of Electromagnetic Principles */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
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* A physics resource written by experts for an expert audience [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Physics Physics Portal]&lt;br /&gt;
* A wiki book on modern physics [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_Physics Modern Physics Wiki]&lt;br /&gt;
* The MIT open courseware for intro physics [http://ocw.mit.edu/resources/res-8-002-a-wikitextbook-for-introductory-mechanics-fall-2009/index.htm MITOCW Wiki]&lt;br /&gt;
* An online concept map of intro physics [http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/hph.html HyperPhysics]&lt;br /&gt;
* Interactive physics simulations [https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/category/physics PhET]&lt;br /&gt;
* OpenStax algebra based intro physics textbook [https://openstaxcollege.org/textbooks/college-physics College Physics]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Open Source Physics project is a collection of online physics resources [http://www.opensourcephysics.org/ OSP]&lt;br /&gt;
* A resource guide compiled by the [http://www.aapt.org/ AAPT] for educators [http://www.compadre.org/ ComPADRE]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Organizing Categories ==&lt;br /&gt;
These are the broad, overarching categories, that we cover in two semester of introductory physics.  You can add subcategories or make a new category as needed.  A single topic should direct readers to a page in one of these catagories.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
===Interactions===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Kinds of Matter]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Ball and Spring Model of Matter]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Detecting Interactions]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Fundamental Interactions]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Determinism]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[System &amp;amp; Surroundings]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Newton&#039;s First Law of Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Newton&#039;s Second Law of Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Newton&#039;s Third Law of Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gravitational Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electric Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conservation of Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conservation of Charge]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Terminal Speed]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Simple Harmonic Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Speed and Velocity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electric Polarization]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Perpetual Freefall (Orbit)]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[2-Dimensional Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Center of Mass]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Reaction Time]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Theory===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Einstein&#039;s Theory of Special Relativity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Quantum Theory]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Big Bang Theory]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Maxwell&#039;s Electromagnetic Theory]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Atomic Theory]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[String Theory]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Elementary Particles and Particle Physics Theory]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Notable Scientists===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Christian Doppler]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Albert Einstein]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ernest Rutherford]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Joseph Henry]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Michael Faraday]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[J.J. Thomson]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[James Maxwell]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Robert Hooke]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Nikola Tesla]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Andre Marie Ampere]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sir Isaac Newton]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[J. Robert Oppenheimer]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Oliver Heaviside]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Rosalind Franklin]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Erwin Schrödinger]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Enrico Fermi]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Robert J. Van de Graaff]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Charles de Coulomb]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hans Christian Ørsted]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Philo Farnsworth]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Niels Bohr]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Georg Ohm]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Galileo Galilei]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gustav Kirchhoff]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Max Planck]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Edwin Hall]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[James Watt]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Count Alessandro Volta]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Josiah Willard Gibbs]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Richard Phillips Feynman]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sir David Brewster]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Daniel Bernoulli]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[William Thomson]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Leonhard Euler]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Robert Fox Bacher]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Stephen Hawking]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Amedeo Avogadro]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Pierre Laplace]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Thomas Edison]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hendrik Lorentz]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Jean-Baptiste Biot]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lise Meitner]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lisa Randall]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Felix Savart]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Heinrich Lenz]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Max Born]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Archimedes]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Jean Baptiste Biot]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Carl Sagan]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Eugene Wigner]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Marie Curie]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Pierre Curie]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Johannes Diderik van der Waals]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Louis de Broglie]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Aristotle]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Émilie du Châtelet]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Blaise Pascal]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Benjamin Franklin]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[James Chadwick]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Henry Cavendish]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Thomas Young]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[James Prescott Joule]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[John Bardeen]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Leo Baekeland]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Alhazen]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Willebrod Snell]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Johannes Kepler]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Properties of Matter===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Mass]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Velocity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Relative Velocity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Density]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Charge]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Spin]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[SI Units]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Heat Capacity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Specific Heat]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Wavelength]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conductivity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Malleability]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Weight]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Boiling Point]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Melting Point]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Inertia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Contact Interactions===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Young&#039;s Modulus]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Friction]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Tension]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Hooke&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Centripetal Force and Curving Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Compression or Normal Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Length and Stiffness of an Interatomic Bond]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Speed of Sound in a Solid]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Iterative Prediction of Spring-Mass System]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Momentum===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Vectors]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Kinematics]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Conservation of Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Predicting Change in multiple dimensions]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Momentum Principle]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Impulse Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Curving Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Multi-particle Analysis of Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Iterative Prediction]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Newton&#039;s Laws and Linear Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Net Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Center of Mass]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Momentum at High Speeds]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Change in Momentum in Time for Curving Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Angular Momentum===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[The Moments of Inertia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Moment of Inertia for a ring]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Rotation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Torque]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Systems with Zero Torque]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Systems with Nonzero Torque]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Right Hand Rule]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Angular Velocity]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Predicting the Position of a Rotating System]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Translational Angular Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[The Angular Momentum Principle]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Rotational Angular Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Total Angular Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Gyroscopes]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Angular Momentum Compared to Linear Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Energy===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[The Photoelectric Effect]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Photons]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[The Energy Principle]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Predicting Change]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Rest Mass Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Kinetic Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Potential Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Energy for a Magnetic Dipole]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Energy of a Multiparticle System]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Work]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Thermal Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conservation of Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electric Potential]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Energy Transfer due to a Temperature Difference]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gravitational Potential Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Point Particle Systems]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Real Systems]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Spring Potential Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Ball and Spring Model]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Internal Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Energy of a Pair of Neutral Atoms]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Translational, Rotational and Vibrational Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Franck-Hertz Experiment]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Power (Mechanical)]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Transformation of Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Energy Graphs]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Air Resistance]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electronic Energy Levels]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Second Law of Thermodynamics and Entropy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Specific Heat Capacity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electronic Energy Levels and Photons]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Energy Density]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Bohr Model]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Quantized energy levels]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Path Independence of Electric Potential]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Collisions===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Collisions]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Maximally Inelastic Collision]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Elastic Collisions]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Inelastic Collisions]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Head-on Collision of Equal Masses]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Head-on Collision of Unequal Masses]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Frame of Reference]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Fields===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Electric Field]] of a&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Point Charge]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Electric Dipole]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Capacitor]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Charged Rod]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Charged Ring]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Charged Disk]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Charged Spherical Shell]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Charged Cylinder]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Charge Density]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[A Solid Sphere Charged Throughout Its Volume]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electric Potential]] &lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Difference Path Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Difference in a Uniform Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Difference of point charge in a non-Uniform Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Sign of Potential Difference]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Difference in an Insulator]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Energy Density and Electric Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Systems of Charged Objects]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electric Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Polarization]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Polarization of an Atom]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Charge Motion in Metals]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Charge Transfer]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Magnetic Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Right-Hand Rule]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Direction of Magnetic Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Field of a Long Straight Wire]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Field of a Loop]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Field of a Solenoid]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Bar Magnet]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Dipole Moment]]&lt;br /&gt;
***[[Stern-Gerlach Experiment]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Combining Electric and Magnetic Forces]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Torque]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Hall Effect]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Lorentz Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Biot-Savart Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Biot-Savart Law for Currents]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Integration Techniques for Magnetic Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Sparks in Air]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Motional Emf]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Detecting a Magnetic Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Moving Point Charge]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Non-Coulomb Electric Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Motors and Generators]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Solenoid Applications]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Simple Circuits===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Components]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Steady State]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Non Steady State]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Charging and Discharging a Capacitor]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Thin and Thick Wires]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Node Rule]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Loop Rule]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Resistivity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Power in a circuit]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ammeters,Voltmeters,Ohmmeters]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Current]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[AC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ohm&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Series Circuits]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Parallel Circuits]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[RC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[AC vs DC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Charge in a RC Circuit]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Current in a RC circuit]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Circular Loop of Wire]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[RL Circuit]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[LC Circuit]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Surface Charge Distributions]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Feedback]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Transformers (Circuits)]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Resistors and Conductivity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Semiconductor Devices]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Maxwell&#039;s Equations===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gauss&#039;s Flux Theorem]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Electric Fields]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Fields]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ampere&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Field of Coaxial Cable Using Ampere&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Field of a Long Thick Wire Using Ampere&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Field of a Toroid Using Ampere&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Faraday&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Curly Electric Fields]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Inductance]]&lt;br /&gt;
***[[Transformers from a physics standpoint]]&lt;br /&gt;
***[[Energy Density]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Lenz&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
***[[Lenz Effect and the Jumping Ring]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Motional Emf using Faraday&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ampere-Maxwell Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Superconductors]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Meissner effect]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Radiation===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Producing a Radiative Electric Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sinusoidal Electromagnetic Radiaton]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lenses]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Energy and Momentum Analysis in Radiation]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Poynting Vector]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electromagnetic Propagation]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Wavelength and Frequency]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Snell&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Effects of Radiation on Matter]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Light Propagation Through a Medium]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Light Scaterring: Why is the Sky Blue]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Light Refraction: Bending of light]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Cherenkov Radiation]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Sound===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Doppler Effect]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Nature, Behavior, and Properties of Sound]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Resonance]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sound Barrier]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Waves===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Multisource Interference: Diffraction]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Standing waves]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gravitational waves]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Wave-Particle Duality]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electromagnetic Waves]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electromagnetic Spectrum]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Color Light Wave]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Real Life Applications of Electromagnetic Principles===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electromagnetic Junkyard Cranes]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Maglev Trains]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Spark Plugs]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Metal Detectors]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[The Microwave]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Resources ==&lt;br /&gt;
* Commonly used wiki commands [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Cheatsheet Wiki Cheatsheet]&lt;br /&gt;
* A guide to representing equations in math mode [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula Wiki Math Mode]&lt;br /&gt;
* A page to keep track of all the physics [[Constants]]&lt;br /&gt;
* An overview of [[VPython]], [http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/VPython_basics beginner guide to VPython]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hwang433</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=9603</id>
		<title>Main Page</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=9603"/>
		<updated>2015-12-03T05:13:36Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hwang433: /* Real Life Applications of Electromagnetic Principles */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;__NOTOC__&lt;br /&gt;
Welcome to the Georgia Tech Wiki for Intro Physics.  This resources was created so that students can contribute and curate content to help those with limited or no access to a textbook.  When reading this website, please correct any errors you may come across. If you read something that isn&#039;t clear, please consider revising it!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Looking to make a contribution?&lt;br /&gt;
#Pick a specific topic from intro physics&lt;br /&gt;
#Add that topic, as a link to a new page, under the appropriate category listed below by editing this page.&lt;br /&gt;
#Copy and paste the default [[Template]] into your new page and start editing.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please remember that this is not a textbook and you are not limited to expressing your ideas with only text and equations.  Whenever possible embed: pictures, videos, diagrams, simulations, computational models (e.g. Glowscript), and whatever content you think makes learning physics easier for other students.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Source Material ==&lt;br /&gt;
All of the content added to this resource must be in the public domain or similar free resource.  If you are unsure about a source, contact the original author for permission. That said, there is a surprisingly large amount of introductory physics content scattered across the web.  Here is an incomplete list of intro physics resources (please update as needed).&lt;br /&gt;
* A physics resource written by experts for an expert audience [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Physics Physics Portal]&lt;br /&gt;
* A wiki book on modern physics [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_Physics Modern Physics Wiki]&lt;br /&gt;
* The MIT open courseware for intro physics [http://ocw.mit.edu/resources/res-8-002-a-wikitextbook-for-introductory-mechanics-fall-2009/index.htm MITOCW Wiki]&lt;br /&gt;
* An online concept map of intro physics [http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/hph.html HyperPhysics]&lt;br /&gt;
* Interactive physics simulations [https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/category/physics PhET]&lt;br /&gt;
* OpenStax algebra based intro physics textbook [https://openstaxcollege.org/textbooks/college-physics College Physics]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Open Source Physics project is a collection of online physics resources [http://www.opensourcephysics.org/ OSP]&lt;br /&gt;
* A resource guide compiled by the [http://www.aapt.org/ AAPT] for educators [http://www.compadre.org/ ComPADRE]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Organizing Categories ==&lt;br /&gt;
These are the broad, overarching categories, that we cover in two semester of introductory physics.  You can add subcategories or make a new category as needed.  A single topic should direct readers to a page in one of these catagories.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
===Interactions===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Kinds of Matter]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Ball and Spring Model of Matter]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Detecting Interactions]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Fundamental Interactions]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Determinism]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[System &amp;amp; Surroundings]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Newton&#039;s First Law of Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Newton&#039;s Second Law of Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Newton&#039;s Third Law of Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gravitational Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electric Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conservation of Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conservation of Charge]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Terminal Speed]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Simple Harmonic Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Speed and Velocity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electric Polarization]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Perpetual Freefall (Orbit)]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[2-Dimensional Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Center of Mass]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Reaction Time]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Theory===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Einstein&#039;s Theory of Special Relativity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Quantum Theory]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Big Bang Theory]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Maxwell&#039;s Electromagnetic Theory]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Atomic Theory]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[String Theory]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Elementary Particles and Particle Physics Theory]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Notable Scientists===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Christian Doppler]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Albert Einstein]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ernest Rutherford]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Joseph Henry]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Michael Faraday]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[J.J. Thomson]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[James Maxwell]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Robert Hooke]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Nikola Tesla]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Andre Marie Ampere]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sir Isaac Newton]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[J. Robert Oppenheimer]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Oliver Heaviside]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Rosalind Franklin]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Erwin Schrödinger]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Enrico Fermi]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Robert J. Van de Graaff]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Charles de Coulomb]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hans Christian Ørsted]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Philo Farnsworth]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Niels Bohr]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Georg Ohm]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Galileo Galilei]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gustav Kirchhoff]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Max Planck]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Edwin Hall]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[James Watt]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Count Alessandro Volta]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Josiah Willard Gibbs]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Richard Phillips Feynman]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sir David Brewster]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Daniel Bernoulli]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[William Thomson]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Leonhard Euler]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Robert Fox Bacher]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Stephen Hawking]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Amedeo Avogadro]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Pierre Laplace]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Thomas Edison]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hendrik Lorentz]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Jean-Baptiste Biot]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lise Meitner]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lisa Randall]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Felix Savart]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Heinrich Lenz]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Max Born]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Archimedes]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Jean Baptiste Biot]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Carl Sagan]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Eugene Wigner]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Marie Curie]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Pierre Curie]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Johannes Diderik van der Waals]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Louis de Broglie]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Aristotle]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Émilie du Châtelet]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Blaise Pascal]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Benjamin Franklin]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[James Chadwick]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Henry Cavendish]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Thomas Young]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[James Prescott Joule]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[John Bardeen]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Leo Baekeland]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Alhazen]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Willebrod Snell]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Johannes Kepler]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Properties of Matter===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Mass]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Velocity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Relative Velocity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Density]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Charge]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Spin]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[SI Units]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Heat Capacity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Specific Heat]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Wavelength]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conductivity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Malleability]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Weight]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Boiling Point]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Melting Point]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Inertia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Contact Interactions===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Young&#039;s Modulus]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Friction]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Tension]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Hooke&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Centripetal Force and Curving Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Compression or Normal Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Length and Stiffness of an Interatomic Bond]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Speed of Sound in a Solid]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Iterative Prediction of Spring-Mass System]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Momentum===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Vectors]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Kinematics]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Conservation of Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Predicting Change in multiple dimensions]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Momentum Principle]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Impulse Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Curving Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Multi-particle Analysis of Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Iterative Prediction]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Newton&#039;s Laws and Linear Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Net Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Center of Mass]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Momentum at High Speeds]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Change in Momentum in Time for Curving Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Angular Momentum===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[The Moments of Inertia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Moment of Inertia for a ring]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Rotation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Torque]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Systems with Zero Torque]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Systems with Nonzero Torque]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Right Hand Rule]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Angular Velocity]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Predicting the Position of a Rotating System]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Translational Angular Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[The Angular Momentum Principle]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Rotational Angular Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Total Angular Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Gyroscopes]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Angular Momentum Compared to Linear Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Energy===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[The Photoelectric Effect]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Photons]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[The Energy Principle]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Predicting Change]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Rest Mass Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Kinetic Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Potential Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Energy for a Magnetic Dipole]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Energy of a Multiparticle System]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Work]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Thermal Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conservation of Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electric Potential]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Energy Transfer due to a Temperature Difference]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gravitational Potential Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Point Particle Systems]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Real Systems]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Spring Potential Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Ball and Spring Model]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Internal Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Energy of a Pair of Neutral Atoms]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Translational, Rotational and Vibrational Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Franck-Hertz Experiment]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Power (Mechanical)]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Transformation of Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Energy Graphs]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Air Resistance]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electronic Energy Levels]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Second Law of Thermodynamics and Entropy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Specific Heat Capacity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electronic Energy Levels and Photons]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Energy Density]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Bohr Model]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Quantized energy levels]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Path Independence of Electric Potential]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Collisions===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Collisions]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Maximally Inelastic Collision]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Elastic Collisions]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Inelastic Collisions]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Head-on Collision of Equal Masses]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Head-on Collision of Unequal Masses]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Frame of Reference]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Fields===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Electric Field]] of a&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Point Charge]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Electric Dipole]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Capacitor]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Charged Rod]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Charged Ring]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Charged Disk]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Charged Spherical Shell]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Charged Cylinder]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Charge Density]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[A Solid Sphere Charged Throughout Its Volume]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electric Potential]] &lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Difference Path Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Difference in a Uniform Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Difference of point charge in a non-Uniform Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Sign of Potential Difference]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Difference in an Insulator]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Energy Density and Electric Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Systems of Charged Objects]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electric Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Polarization]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Polarization of an Atom]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Charge Motion in Metals]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Charge Transfer]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Magnetic Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Right-Hand Rule]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Direction of Magnetic Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Field of a Long Straight Wire]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Field of a Loop]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Field of a Solenoid]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Bar Magnet]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Dipole Moment]]&lt;br /&gt;
***[[Stern-Gerlach Experiment]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Combining Electric and Magnetic Forces]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Torque]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Hall Effect]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Lorentz Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Biot-Savart Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Biot-Savart Law for Currents]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Integration Techniques for Magnetic Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Sparks in Air]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Motional Emf]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Detecting a Magnetic Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Moving Point Charge]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Non-Coulomb Electric Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Motors and Generators]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Solenoid Applications]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Simple Circuits===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Components]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Steady State]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Non Steady State]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Charging and Discharging a Capacitor]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Thin and Thick Wires]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Node Rule]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Loop Rule]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Resistivity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Power in a circuit]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ammeters,Voltmeters,Ohmmeters]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Current]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[AC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ohm&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Series Circuits]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Parallel Circuits]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[RC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[AC vs DC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Charge in a RC Circuit]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Current in a RC circuit]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Circular Loop of Wire]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[RL Circuit]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[LC Circuit]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Surface Charge Distributions]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Feedback]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Transformers (Circuits)]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Resistors and Conductivity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Semiconductor Devices]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Maxwell&#039;s Equations===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gauss&#039;s Flux Theorem]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Electric Fields]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Fields]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ampere&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Field of Coaxial Cable Using Ampere&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Field of a Long Thick Wire Using Ampere&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Field of a Toroid Using Ampere&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Faraday&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Curly Electric Fields]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Inductance]]&lt;br /&gt;
***[[Transformers from a physics standpoint]]&lt;br /&gt;
***[[Energy Density]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Lenz&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
***[[Lenz Effect and the Jumping Ring]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Motional Emf using Faraday&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ampere-Maxwell Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Superconductors]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Meissner effect]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Radiation===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Producing a Radiative Electric Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sinusoidal Electromagnetic Radiaton]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lenses]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Energy and Momentum Analysis in Radiation]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Poynting Vector]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electromagnetic Propagation]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Wavelength and Frequency]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Snell&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Effects of Radiation on Matter]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Light Propagation Through a Medium]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Light Scaterring: Why is the Sky Blue]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Light Refraction: Bending of light]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Cherenkov Radiation]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Sound===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Doppler Effect]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Nature, Behavior, and Properties of Sound]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Resonance]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sound Barrier]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Waves===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Multisource Interference: Diffraction]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Standing waves]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gravitational waves]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Wave-Particle Duality]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electromagnetic Waves]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electromagnetic Spectrum]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Color Light Wave]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Real Life Applications of Electromagnetic Principles===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electromagnetic Junkyard Cranes]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Maglev Trains]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Spark Plugs]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Metal Detectors]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[The Microwave]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Aurora]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Resources ==&lt;br /&gt;
* Commonly used wiki commands [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Cheatsheet Wiki Cheatsheet]&lt;br /&gt;
* A guide to representing equations in math mode [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula Wiki Math Mode]&lt;br /&gt;
* A page to keep track of all the physics [[Constants]]&lt;br /&gt;
* An overview of [[VPython]], [http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/VPython_basics beginner guide to VPython]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hwang433</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=9595</id>
		<title>Main Page</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=9595"/>
		<updated>2015-12-03T05:10:02Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hwang433: /* Properties of Matter */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;__NOTOC__&lt;br /&gt;
Welcome to the Georgia Tech Wiki for Intro Physics.  This resources was created so that students can contribute and curate content to help those with limited or no access to a textbook.  When reading this website, please correct any errors you may come across. If you read something that isn&#039;t clear, please consider revising it!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Looking to make a contribution?&lt;br /&gt;
#Pick a specific topic from intro physics&lt;br /&gt;
#Add that topic, as a link to a new page, under the appropriate category listed below by editing this page.&lt;br /&gt;
#Copy and paste the default [[Template]] into your new page and start editing.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please remember that this is not a textbook and you are not limited to expressing your ideas with only text and equations.  Whenever possible embed: pictures, videos, diagrams, simulations, computational models (e.g. Glowscript), and whatever content you think makes learning physics easier for other students.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Source Material ==&lt;br /&gt;
All of the content added to this resource must be in the public domain or similar free resource.  If you are unsure about a source, contact the original author for permission. That said, there is a surprisingly large amount of introductory physics content scattered across the web.  Here is an incomplete list of intro physics resources (please update as needed).&lt;br /&gt;
* A physics resource written by experts for an expert audience [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Physics Physics Portal]&lt;br /&gt;
* A wiki book on modern physics [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_Physics Modern Physics Wiki]&lt;br /&gt;
* The MIT open courseware for intro physics [http://ocw.mit.edu/resources/res-8-002-a-wikitextbook-for-introductory-mechanics-fall-2009/index.htm MITOCW Wiki]&lt;br /&gt;
* An online concept map of intro physics [http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/hph.html HyperPhysics]&lt;br /&gt;
* Interactive physics simulations [https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/category/physics PhET]&lt;br /&gt;
* OpenStax algebra based intro physics textbook [https://openstaxcollege.org/textbooks/college-physics College Physics]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Open Source Physics project is a collection of online physics resources [http://www.opensourcephysics.org/ OSP]&lt;br /&gt;
* A resource guide compiled by the [http://www.aapt.org/ AAPT] for educators [http://www.compadre.org/ ComPADRE]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Organizing Categories ==&lt;br /&gt;
These are the broad, overarching categories, that we cover in two semester of introductory physics.  You can add subcategories or make a new category as needed.  A single topic should direct readers to a page in one of these catagories.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
===Interactions===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Kinds of Matter]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Ball and Spring Model of Matter]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Detecting Interactions]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Fundamental Interactions]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Determinism]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[System &amp;amp; Surroundings]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Newton&#039;s First Law of Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Newton&#039;s Second Law of Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Newton&#039;s Third Law of Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gravitational Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electric Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conservation of Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conservation of Charge]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Terminal Speed]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Simple Harmonic Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Speed and Velocity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electric Polarization]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Perpetual Freefall (Orbit)]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[2-Dimensional Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Center of Mass]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Reaction Time]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Theory===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Einstein&#039;s Theory of Special Relativity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Quantum Theory]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Big Bang Theory]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Maxwell&#039;s Electromagnetic Theory]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Atomic Theory]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[String Theory]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Elementary Particles and Particle Physics Theory]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Notable Scientists===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Christian Doppler]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Albert Einstein]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ernest Rutherford]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Joseph Henry]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Michael Faraday]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[J.J. Thomson]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[James Maxwell]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Robert Hooke]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Nikola Tesla]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Andre Marie Ampere]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sir Isaac Newton]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[J. Robert Oppenheimer]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Oliver Heaviside]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Rosalind Franklin]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Erwin Schrödinger]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Enrico Fermi]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Robert J. Van de Graaff]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Charles de Coulomb]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hans Christian Ørsted]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Philo Farnsworth]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Niels Bohr]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Georg Ohm]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Galileo Galilei]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gustav Kirchhoff]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Max Planck]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Edwin Hall]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[James Watt]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Count Alessandro Volta]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Josiah Willard Gibbs]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Richard Phillips Feynman]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sir David Brewster]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Daniel Bernoulli]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[William Thomson]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Leonhard Euler]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Robert Fox Bacher]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Stephen Hawking]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Amedeo Avogadro]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Pierre Laplace]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Thomas Edison]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hendrik Lorentz]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Jean-Baptiste Biot]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lise Meitner]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lisa Randall]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Felix Savart]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Heinrich Lenz]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Max Born]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Archimedes]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Jean Baptiste Biot]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Carl Sagan]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Eugene Wigner]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Marie Curie]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Pierre Curie]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Johannes Diderik van der Waals]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Louis de Broglie]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Aristotle]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Émilie du Châtelet]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Blaise Pascal]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Benjamin Franklin]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[James Chadwick]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Henry Cavendish]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Thomas Young]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[James Prescott Joule]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[John Bardeen]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Leo Baekeland]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Alhazen]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Willebrod Snell]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Johannes Kepler]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Properties of Matter===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Mass]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Velocity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Relative Velocity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Density]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Charge]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Spin]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[SI Units]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Heat Capacity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Specific Heat]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Wavelength]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conductivity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Malleability]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Weight]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Boiling Point]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Melting Point]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Inertia]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Contact Interactions===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Young&#039;s Modulus]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Friction]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Tension]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Hooke&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Centripetal Force and Curving Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Compression or Normal Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Length and Stiffness of an Interatomic Bond]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Speed of Sound in a Solid]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Iterative Prediction of Spring-Mass System]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Momentum===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Vectors]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Kinematics]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Conservation of Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Predicting Change in multiple dimensions]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Momentum Principle]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Impulse Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Curving Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Multi-particle Analysis of Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Iterative Prediction]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Newton&#039;s Laws and Linear Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Net Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Center of Mass]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Momentum at High Speeds]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Change in Momentum in Time for Curving Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Angular Momentum===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[The Moments of Inertia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Moment of Inertia for a ring]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Rotation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Torque]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Systems with Zero Torque]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Systems with Nonzero Torque]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Right Hand Rule]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Angular Velocity]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Predicting the Position of a Rotating System]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Translational Angular Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[The Angular Momentum Principle]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Rotational Angular Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Total Angular Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Gyroscopes]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Angular Momentum Compared to Linear Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Energy===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[The Photoelectric Effect]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Photons]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[The Energy Principle]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Predicting Change]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Rest Mass Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Kinetic Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Potential Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Energy for a Magnetic Dipole]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Energy of a Multiparticle System]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Work]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Thermal Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conservation of Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electric Potential]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Energy Transfer due to a Temperature Difference]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gravitational Potential Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Point Particle Systems]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Real Systems]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Spring Potential Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Ball and Spring Model]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Internal Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Energy of a Pair of Neutral Atoms]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Translational, Rotational and Vibrational Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Franck-Hertz Experiment]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Power (Mechanical)]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Transformation of Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Energy Graphs]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Air Resistance]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electronic Energy Levels]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Second Law of Thermodynamics and Entropy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Specific Heat Capacity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electronic Energy Levels and Photons]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Energy Density]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Bohr Model]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Quantized energy levels]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Path Independence of Electric Potential]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Collisions===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Collisions]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Maximally Inelastic Collision]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Elastic Collisions]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Inelastic Collisions]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Head-on Collision of Equal Masses]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Head-on Collision of Unequal Masses]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Frame of Reference]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Fields===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Electric Field]] of a&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Point Charge]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Electric Dipole]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Capacitor]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Charged Rod]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Charged Ring]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Charged Disk]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Charged Spherical Shell]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Charged Cylinder]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Charge Density]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[A Solid Sphere Charged Throughout Its Volume]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electric Potential]] &lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Difference Path Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Difference in a Uniform Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Difference of point charge in a non-Uniform Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Sign of Potential Difference]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Difference in an Insulator]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Energy Density and Electric Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Systems of Charged Objects]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electric Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Polarization]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Polarization of an Atom]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Charge Motion in Metals]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Charge Transfer]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Magnetic Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Right-Hand Rule]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Direction of Magnetic Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Field of a Long Straight Wire]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Field of a Loop]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Field of a Solenoid]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Bar Magnet]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Dipole Moment]]&lt;br /&gt;
***[[Stern-Gerlach Experiment]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Combining Electric and Magnetic Forces]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Torque]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Hall Effect]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Lorentz Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Biot-Savart Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Biot-Savart Law for Currents]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Integration Techniques for Magnetic Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Sparks in Air]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Motional Emf]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Detecting a Magnetic Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Moving Point Charge]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Non-Coulomb Electric Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Motors and Generators]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Solenoid Applications]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Simple Circuits===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Components]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Steady State]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Non Steady State]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Charging and Discharging a Capacitor]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Thin and Thick Wires]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Node Rule]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Loop Rule]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Resistivity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Power in a circuit]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ammeters,Voltmeters,Ohmmeters]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Current]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[AC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ohm&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Series Circuits]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Parallel Circuits]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[RC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[AC vs DC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Charge in a RC Circuit]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Current in a RC circuit]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Circular Loop of Wire]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[RL Circuit]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[LC Circuit]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Surface Charge Distributions]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Feedback]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Transformers (Circuits)]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Resistors and Conductivity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Semiconductor Devices]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Maxwell&#039;s Equations===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gauss&#039;s Flux Theorem]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Electric Fields]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Fields]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ampere&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Field of Coaxial Cable Using Ampere&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Field of a Long Thick Wire Using Ampere&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Field of a Toroid Using Ampere&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Faraday&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Curly Electric Fields]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Inductance]]&lt;br /&gt;
***[[Transformers from a physics standpoint]]&lt;br /&gt;
***[[Energy Density]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Lenz&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
***[[Lenz Effect and the Jumping Ring]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Motional Emf using Faraday&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ampere-Maxwell Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Superconductors]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Meissner effect]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Radiation===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Producing a Radiative Electric Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sinusoidal Electromagnetic Radiaton]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lenses]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Energy and Momentum Analysis in Radiation]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Poynting Vector]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electromagnetic Propagation]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Wavelength and Frequency]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Snell&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Effects of Radiation on Matter]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Light Propagation Through a Medium]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Light Scaterring: Why is the Sky Blue]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Light Refraction: Bending of light]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Cherenkov Radiation]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Sound===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Doppler Effect]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Nature, Behavior, and Properties of Sound]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Resonance]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sound Barrier]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Waves===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Multisource Interference: Diffraction]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Standing waves]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gravitational waves]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Wave-Particle Duality]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electromagnetic Waves]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electromagnetic Spectrum]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Color Light Wave]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Real Life Applications of Electromagnetic Principles===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electromagnetic Junkyard Cranes]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Maglev Trains]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Spark Plugs]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Metal Detectors]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[The Microwave]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Resources ==&lt;br /&gt;
* Commonly used wiki commands [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Cheatsheet Wiki Cheatsheet]&lt;br /&gt;
* A guide to representing equations in math mode [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula Wiki Math Mode]&lt;br /&gt;
* A page to keep track of all the physics [[Constants]]&lt;br /&gt;
* An overview of [[VPython]], [http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/VPython_basics beginner guide to VPython]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hwang433</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=6843</id>
		<title>Main Page</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Main_Page&amp;diff=6843"/>
		<updated>2015-12-01T22:58:28Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Hwang433: &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;__NOTOC__&lt;br /&gt;
Welcome to the Georgia Tech Wiki for Intro Physics.  This resources was created so that students can contribute and curate content to help those with limited or no access to a textbook.  When reading this website, please correct any errors you may come across. If you read something that isn&#039;t clear, please consider revising it!&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Looking to make a contribution?&lt;br /&gt;
#Pick a specific topic from intro physics&lt;br /&gt;
#Add that topic, as a link to a new page, under the appropriate category listed below by editing this page.&lt;br /&gt;
#Copy and paste the default [[Template]] into your new page and start editing.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Please remember that this is not a textbook and you are not limited to expressing your ideas with only text and equations.  Whenever possible embed: pictures, videos, diagrams, simulations, computational models (e.g. Glowscript), and whatever content you think makes learning physics easier for other students.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Source Material ==&lt;br /&gt;
All of the content added to this resource must be in the public domain or similar free resource.  If you are unsure about a source, contact the original author for permission. That said, there is a surprisingly large amount of introductory physics content scattered across the web.  Here is an incomplete list of intro physics resources (please update as needed).&lt;br /&gt;
* A physics resource written by experts for an expert audience [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Physics Physics Portal]&lt;br /&gt;
* A wiki book on modern physics [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_Physics Modern Physics Wiki]&lt;br /&gt;
* The MIT open courseware for intro physics [http://ocw.mit.edu/resources/res-8-002-a-wikitextbook-for-introductory-mechanics-fall-2009/index.htm MITOCW Wiki]&lt;br /&gt;
* An online concept map of intro physics [http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/hph.html HyperPhysics]&lt;br /&gt;
* Interactive physics simulations [https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/category/physics PhET]&lt;br /&gt;
* OpenStax algebra based intro physics textbook [https://openstaxcollege.org/textbooks/college-physics College Physics]&lt;br /&gt;
* The Open Source Physics project is a collection of online physics resources [http://www.opensourcephysics.org/ OSP]&lt;br /&gt;
* A resource guide compiled by the [http://www.aapt.org/ AAPT] for educators [http://www.compadre.org/ ComPADRE]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Organizing Categories ==&lt;br /&gt;
These are the broad, overarching categories, that we cover in two semester of introductory physics.  You can add subcategories or make a new category as needed.  A single topic should direct readers to a page in one of these catagories.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
===Interactions===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Kinds of Matter]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Ball and Spring Model of Matter]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Detecting Interactions]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Fundamental Interactions]]  &lt;br /&gt;
*[[System &amp;amp; Surroundings]] &lt;br /&gt;
*[[Newton&#039;s First Law of Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Newton&#039;s Second Law of Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Newton&#039;s Third Law of Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gravitational Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electric Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Terminal Speed]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Simple Harmonic Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Speed and Velocity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electric Polarization]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Perpetual Freefall (Orbit)]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[2-Dimensional Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Theory===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Einstein&#039;s Theory of Special Relativity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Quantum Theory]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Big Bang Theory]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Maxwell&#039;s Electromagnetic Theory]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Atomic Theory]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Wave-Particle Duality]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Notable Scientists===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Christian Doppler]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Albert Einstein]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ernest Rutherford]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Joseph Henry]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Michael Faraday]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[J.J. Thomson]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[James Maxwell]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Robert Hooke]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Nikola Tesla]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Andre Marie Ampere]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sir Isaac Newton]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[J. Robert Oppenheimer]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Oliver Heaviside]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Rosalind Franklin]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Erwin Schrödinger]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Enrico Fermi]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Robert J. Van de Graaff]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Charles de Coulomb]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hans Christian Ørsted]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Philo Farnsworth]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Niels Bohr]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Georg Ohm]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Galileo Galilei]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gustav Kirchhoff]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Max Planck]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Edwin Hall]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[James Watt]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Count Alessandro Volta]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Josiah Willard Gibbs]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Richard Phillips Feynman]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sir David Brewster]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Daniel Bernoulli]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[William Thomson]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Leonhard Euler]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Robert Fox Bacher]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Stephen Hawking]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Amedeo Avogadro]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Pierre Laplace]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Thomas Edison]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Hendrik Lorentz]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Jean-Baptiste Biot]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lise Meitner]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lisa Randall]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Felix Savart]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Heinrich Lenz]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Max Born]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Archimedes]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Jean Baptiste Biot]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Carl Sagan]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Eugene Wigner]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Marie Curie]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Pierre Curie]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Properties of Matter===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Mass]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Velocity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Relative Velocity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Density]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Charge]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Spin]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[SI Units]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Heat Capacity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Specific Heat]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Wavelength]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conductivity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Weight]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Boiling Point]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Melting Point]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Higgs Boson]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Contact Interactions===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Young&#039;s Modulus]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Friction]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Tension]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Hooke&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Centripetal Force and Curving Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Compression or Normal Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Length and Stiffness of an Interatomic Bond]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Speed of Sound in a Solid]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Iterative Prediction of Spring-Mass System]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Momentum===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Vectors]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Kinematics]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Conservation of Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Predicting Change in multiple dimensions]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Momentum Principle]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Impulse Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Curving Motion]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Multi-particle Analysis of Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Iterative Prediction]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Newton&#039;s Laws and Linear Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Net Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Center of Mass]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Angular Momentum===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[The Moments of Inertia]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Moment of Inertia for a ring]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Rotation]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Torque]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Systems with Zero Torque]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Systems with Nonzero Torque]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Right Hand Rule]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Angular Velocity]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Predicting the Position of a Rotating System]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Translational Angular Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[The Angular Momentum Principle]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Rotational Angular Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Total Angular Momentum]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Energy===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[The Photoelectric Effect]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Photons]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[The Energy Principle]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Predicting Change]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Rest Mass Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Kinetic Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Potential Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Work]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Thermal Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Conservation of Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electric Potential]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Energy Transfer due to a Temperature Difference]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gravitational Potential Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Point Particle Systems]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Real Systems]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Spring Potential Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Ball and Spring Model]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Internal Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Energy of a Pair of Neutral Atoms]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Translational, Rotational and Vibrational Energy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Franck-Hertz Experiment]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Power]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Energy Graphs]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Air Resistance]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electronic Energy Levels]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Second Law of Thermodynamics and Entropy]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Specific Heat Capacity]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electronic Energy Levels and Photons]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Energy Density]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Bohr Model]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Quantized energy levels]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Collisions===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Collisions]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Maximally Inelastic Collision]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Elastic Collisions]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Inelastic Collisions]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Head-on Collision of Equal Masses]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Head-on Collision of Unequal Masses]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Fields===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Electric Field]] of a&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Point Charge]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Electric Dipole]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Capacitor]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Charged Rod]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Charged Ring]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Charged Disk]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Charged Spherical Shell]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Charged Cylinder]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[A Solid Sphere Charged Throughout Its Volume]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electric Potential]] &lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Difference Path Independence]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Difference in a Uniform Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Difference of point charge in a non-Uniform Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Sign of Potential Difference]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Potential Difference in an Insulator]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Energy Density and Electric Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
** [[Systems of Charged Objects]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electric Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Polarization]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Charge Motion in Metals]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Charge Transfer]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Magnetic Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Right-Hand Rule]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Direction of Magnetic Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Field of a Long Straight Wire]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Field of a Loop]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Field of a Solenoid]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Bar Magnet]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Dipole Moment]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Hall Effect]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Lorentz Force]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Biot-Savart Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Biot-Savart Law for Currents]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Integration Techniques for Magnetic Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Sparks in Air]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Motional Emf]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Detecting a Magnetic Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Moving Point Charge]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Non-Coulomb Electric Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Motors and Generators]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Solenoid Applications]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Simple Circuits===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Components]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Steady State]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Non Steady State]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Charging and Discharging a Capacitor]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Thin and Thick Wires]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Node Rule]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Loop Rule]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electrical Resistance]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Power in a circuit]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ammeters,Voltmeters,Ohmmeters]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Current]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[AC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ohm&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Series Circuits]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[RC]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Current in a RC circuit]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Circular Loop of Wire]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[RL Circuit]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[LC Circuit]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Surface Charge Distributions]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Feedback]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Transformers]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Resistors and Conductivity]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Maxwell&#039;s Equations===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gauss&#039;s Flux Theorem]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Electric Fields]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Fields]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ampere&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Magnetic Field of Coaxial Cable Using Ampere&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Faraday&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Curly Electric Fields]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Inductance]]&lt;br /&gt;
***[[Transformers]]&lt;br /&gt;
***[[Energy Density]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Lenz&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
***[[Lenz Effect and the Jumping Ring]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Motional Emf using Faraday&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ampere-Maxwell Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Superconductors]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Meissner effect]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Radiation===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Producing a Radiative Electric Field]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sinusoidal Electromagnetic Radiaton]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lenses]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Energy and Momentum Analysis in Radiation]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Electromagnetic Propagation]]&lt;br /&gt;
**[[Wavelength and Frequency]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Snell&#039;s Law]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Light Propagation Through a Medium]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Light Scaterring: Why is the Sky Blue]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Sound===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Doppler Effect]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Nature, Behavior, and Properties of Sound]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Resonance]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Sound Barrier]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Waves===&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;div class=&amp;quot;mw-collapsible-content&amp;quot;&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Multisource Interference: Diffraction]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gravitational waves]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[blahb]]&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;/div&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Resources ==&lt;br /&gt;
* Commonly used wiki commands [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Cheatsheet Wiki Cheatsheet]&lt;br /&gt;
* A guide to representing equations in math mode [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula Wiki Math Mode]&lt;br /&gt;
* A page to keep track of all the physics [[Constants]]&lt;br /&gt;
* An overview of [[VPython]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Hwang433</name></author>
	</entry>
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