http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=Jkim3070 2026-04-29T17:24:30Z User contributions MediaWiki 1.42.7 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=12477 2015-12-04T20:31:01Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* Middling */</p> <hr /> <div>== The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> === Cause of Polarization ===<br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> === Conductors and Insulators ===<br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> === Misconception ===<br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> === Mathematical Model ===<br /> <br /> Induced Polarization : &lt;math&gt;\vec{P} = \alpha \vec{E}&lt;/math&gt; <br /> &quot;P&quot; is the dipole moment of polarized atoms, &quot;α&quot; is the polarizability of a particular material, and &quot;E&quot; is the applied electric field.<br /> This equation shows that the amount of induced polarization is directly proportional to the magnitude of the applied electric field.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> ===Simple===<br /> Question: An electric field is applied to a neutral object by a charged particle near it. After the neutral object is polarized, the particle is removed. What is the charge of the object?<br /> <br /> Answer: The object is neutral once again. Polarization is induced by the charged particle; therefore, it is not permanent.<br /> <br /> ===Middling===<br /> Question: A balloon is rubbed against a person's hair. The balloon is then placed next to a wall. You observe that the balloon sticks to the wall. How is the cause of this phenomenon?<br /> <br /> Answer: The balloon attained electrons from the person's hair, and when put near the wall, it polarizes the wall so that electrons in the wall move farther away. Then electrons in the balloon are attracted to positively charged surface of the wall.<br /> <br /> ===Difficult===<br /> Question: Draw polarization of a plastic block when a negatively charged balloon is placed near it.<br /> <br /> Answer: Since a plastic block is an insulator, electrons in the block move small distance from their original location unlike conductors, in which electrons move freely and move to a surface when polarized.<br /> <br /> [[File: Phys.jpg]]<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> Polarization is connected to my major, mechanical engineering, since using charged object as a material for designing something would require the person to take consideration possible interaction or attraction of the invention with other objects due to polarization.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a process that is used for certain charging methods. For example, induction charging is when polarization causes a neutral object to be a induced dipole, and the positive part of it attracts electrons, making the object to be negatively charged.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> Benjamin Franklin was the first person to use &quot;positive&quot; and &quot;negative&quot; in describing charges and came up with principle of conservation of charges. In 1897, J.J. Thomson experimented with cathode rays and found out that electrons exist in the rays. In 1911, Ernest Rutherford discovered that atoms have a concentrated positive center with protons fixed inside nucleus.<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> *[[Charge]]<br /> <br /> *[[Electric Field]]<br /> <br /> *[[Benjamin Franklin]]<br /> <br /> *[[J.J. Thomson]]<br /> <br /> *[[Ernest Rutherford]]<br /> <br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer by Roland Coelho<br /> <br /> ==== Application ====<br /> http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/t89-067?journalCode=cgj#.VmFE97mFPIU<br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xSIA5UVAo8<br /> <br /> http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=408<br /> <br /> https://www.aip.org/history/gap/Franklin/Franklin.html<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=12471 2015-12-04T20:28:24Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* Mathematical Model */</p> <hr /> <div>== The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> === Cause of Polarization ===<br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> === Conductors and Insulators ===<br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> === Misconception ===<br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> === Mathematical Model ===<br /> <br /> Induced Polarization : &lt;math&gt;\vec{P} = \alpha \vec{E}&lt;/math&gt; <br /> &quot;P&quot; is the dipole moment of polarized atoms, &quot;α&quot; is the polarizability of a particular material, and &quot;E&quot; is the applied electric field.<br /> This equation shows that the amount of induced polarization is directly proportional to the magnitude of the applied electric field.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> ===Simple===<br /> Question: An electric field is applied to a neutral object by a charged particle near it. After the neutral object is polarized, the particle is removed. What is the charge of the object?<br /> <br /> Answer: The object is neutral once again. Polarization is induced by the charged particle; therefore, it is not permanent.<br /> <br /> ===Middling===<br /> Question: A balloon is rubbed against a person's hair. The balloon is then placed next to a wall. You observe that the balloon sticks to the wall. How is the cause of this phenomenon?<br /> <br /> Answer: The balloon attained electrons from the person's hair, and when put near the wall, it polarizes the wall so that electrons in the wall move farther away. Then electrons in the balloon is attracted to positively charged surface of the wall.<br /> <br /> ===Difficult===<br /> Question: Draw polarization of a plastic block when a negatively charged balloon is placed near it.<br /> <br /> Answer: Since a plastic block is an insulator, electrons in the block move small distance from their original location unlike conductors, in which electrons move freely and move to a surface when polarized.<br /> <br /> [[File: Phys.jpg]]<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> Polarization is connected to my major, mechanical engineering, since using charged object as a material for designing something would require the person to take consideration possible interaction or attraction of the invention with other objects due to polarization.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a process that is used for certain charging methods. For example, induction charging is when polarization causes a neutral object to be a induced dipole, and the positive part of it attracts electrons, making the object to be negatively charged.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> Benjamin Franklin was the first person to use &quot;positive&quot; and &quot;negative&quot; in describing charges and came up with principle of conservation of charges. In 1897, J.J. Thomson experimented with cathode rays and found out that electrons exist in the rays. In 1911, Ernest Rutherford discovered that atoms have a concentrated positive center with protons fixed inside nucleus.<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> *[[Charge]]<br /> <br /> *[[Electric Field]]<br /> <br /> *[[Benjamin Franklin]]<br /> <br /> *[[J.J. Thomson]]<br /> <br /> *[[Ernest Rutherford]]<br /> <br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer by Roland Coelho<br /> <br /> ==== Application ====<br /> http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/t89-067?journalCode=cgj#.VmFE97mFPIU<br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xSIA5UVAo8<br /> <br /> http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=408<br /> <br /> https://www.aip.org/history/gap/Franklin/Franklin.html<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=12465 2015-12-04T20:25:09Z

<p>Jkim3070: </p> <hr /> <div>== The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> === Cause of Polarization ===<br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> === Conductors and Insulators ===<br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> === Misconception ===<br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> === Mathematical Model ===<br /> <br /> Induced Polarization : &lt;math&gt;\vec{P} = \alpha \vec{E}&lt;/math&gt; <br /> &quot;P&quot; is the dipole moment of polarized atoms, alpha is the polarizability of a particular material, and &quot;E&quot; is the applied electric field.<br /> This equation shows that the amount of induced polarization is directly proportional to the magnitude of the applied electric field.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> ===Simple===<br /> Question: An electric field is applied to a neutral object by a charged particle near it. After the neutral object is polarized, the particle is removed. What is the charge of the object?<br /> <br /> Answer: The object is neutral once again. Polarization is induced by the charged particle; therefore, it is not permanent.<br /> <br /> ===Middling===<br /> Question: A balloon is rubbed against a person's hair. The balloon is then placed next to a wall. You observe that the balloon sticks to the wall. How is the cause of this phenomenon?<br /> <br /> Answer: The balloon attained electrons from the person's hair, and when put near the wall, it polarizes the wall so that electrons in the wall move farther away. Then electrons in the balloon is attracted to positively charged surface of the wall.<br /> <br /> ===Difficult===<br /> Question: Draw polarization of a plastic block when a negatively charged balloon is placed near it.<br /> <br /> Answer: Since a plastic block is an insulator, electrons in the block move small distance from their original location unlike conductors, in which electrons move freely and move to a surface when polarized.<br /> <br /> [[File: Phys.jpg]]<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> Polarization is connected to my major, mechanical engineering, since using charged object as a material for designing something would require the person to take consideration possible interaction or attraction of the invention with other objects due to polarization.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a process that is used for certain charging methods. For example, induction charging is when polarization causes a neutral object to be a induced dipole, and the positive part of it attracts electrons, making the object to be negatively charged.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> Benjamin Franklin was the first person to use &quot;positive&quot; and &quot;negative&quot; in describing charges and came up with principle of conservation of charges. In 1897, J.J. Thomson experimented with cathode rays and found out that electrons exist in the rays. In 1911, Ernest Rutherford discovered that atoms have a concentrated positive center with protons fixed inside nucleus.<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> *[[Charge]]<br /> <br /> *[[Electric Field]]<br /> <br /> *[[Benjamin Franklin]]<br /> <br /> *[[J.J. Thomson]]<br /> <br /> *[[Ernest Rutherford]]<br /> <br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer by Roland Coelho<br /> <br /> ==== Application ====<br /> http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/t89-067?journalCode=cgj#.VmFE97mFPIU<br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xSIA5UVAo8<br /> <br /> http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=408<br /> <br /> https://www.aip.org/history/gap/Franklin/Franklin.html<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=12461 2015-12-04T20:23:55Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* A Mathematical Model */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> === Cause of Polarization ===<br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> === Conductors and Insulators ===<br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> === Misconception ===<br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> === Mathematical Model ===<br /> <br /> Induced Polarization : &lt;math&gt;\vec{P} = \alpha \vec{E}&lt;/math&gt; <br /> &quot;P&quot; is the dipole moment of polarized atoms, alpha is the polarizability of a particular material, and &quot;E&quot; is the applied electric field.<br /> This equation shows that the amount of induced polarization is directly proportional to the magnitude of the applied electric field.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> ===Simple===<br /> Question: An electric field is applied to a neutral object by a charged particle near it. After the neutral object is polarized, the particle is removed. What is the charge of the object?<br /> <br /> Answer: The object is neutral once again. Polarization is induced by the charged particle; therefore, it is not permanent.<br /> <br /> ===Middling===<br /> Question: A balloon is rubbed against a person's hair. The balloon is then placed next to a wall. You observe that the balloon sticks to the wall. How is the cause of this phenomenon?<br /> <br /> Answer: The balloon attained electrons from the person's hair, and when put near the wall, it polarizes the wall so that electrons in the wall move farther away. Then electrons in the balloon is attracted to positively charged surface of the wall.<br /> <br /> ===Difficult===<br /> Question: Draw polarization of a plastic block when a negatively charged balloon is placed near it.<br /> <br /> Answer: Since a plastic block is an insulator, electrons in the block move small distance from their original location unlike conductors, in which electrons move freely and move to a surface when polarized.<br /> <br /> [[File: Phys.jpg]]<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> Polarization is connected to my major, mechanical engineering, since using charged object as a material for designing something would require the person to take consideration possible interaction or attraction of the invention with other objects due to polarization.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a process that is used for certain charging methods. For example, induction charging is when polarization causes a neutral object to be a induced dipole, and the positive part of it attracts electrons, making the object to be negatively charged.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> Benjamin Franklin was the first person to use &quot;positive&quot; and &quot;negative&quot; in describing charges and came up with principle of conservation of charges. In 1897, J.J. Thomson experimented with cathode rays and found out that electrons exist in the rays. In 1911, Ernest Rutherford discovered that atoms have a concentrated positive center with protons fixed inside nucleus.<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> *[[Charge]]<br /> <br /> *[[Electric Field]]<br /> <br /> *[[Benjamin Franklin]]<br /> <br /> *[[J.J. Thomson]]<br /> <br /> *[[Ernest Rutherford]]<br /> <br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer by Roland Coelho<br /> <br /> ==== Application ====<br /> http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/t89-067?journalCode=cgj#.VmFE97mFPIU<br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xSIA5UVAo8<br /> <br /> http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=408<br /> <br /> https://www.aip.org/history/gap/Franklin/Franklin.html<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=12460 2015-12-04T20:23:45Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* Mathematical Model */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> === Cause of Polarization ===<br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> === Conductors and Insulators ===<br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> === Misconception ===<br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> === A Mathematical Model ===<br /> <br /> Induced Polarization : &lt;math&gt;\vec{P} = \alpha \vec{E}&lt;/math&gt; <br /> &quot;P&quot; is the dipole moment of polarized atoms, alpha is the polarizability of a particular material, and &quot;E&quot; is the applied electric field.<br /> This equation shows that the amount of induced polarization is directly proportional to the magnitude of the applied electric field.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> ===Simple===<br /> Question: An electric field is applied to a neutral object by a charged particle near it. After the neutral object is polarized, the particle is removed. What is the charge of the object?<br /> <br /> Answer: The object is neutral once again. Polarization is induced by the charged particle; therefore, it is not permanent.<br /> <br /> ===Middling===<br /> Question: A balloon is rubbed against a person's hair. The balloon is then placed next to a wall. You observe that the balloon sticks to the wall. How is the cause of this phenomenon?<br /> <br /> Answer: The balloon attained electrons from the person's hair, and when put near the wall, it polarizes the wall so that electrons in the wall move farther away. Then electrons in the balloon is attracted to positively charged surface of the wall.<br /> <br /> ===Difficult===<br /> Question: Draw polarization of a plastic block when a negatively charged balloon is placed near it.<br /> <br /> Answer: Since a plastic block is an insulator, electrons in the block move small distance from their original location unlike conductors, in which electrons move freely and move to a surface when polarized.<br /> <br /> [[File: Phys.jpg]]<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> Polarization is connected to my major, mechanical engineering, since using charged object as a material for designing something would require the person to take consideration possible interaction or attraction of the invention with other objects due to polarization.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a process that is used for certain charging methods. For example, induction charging is when polarization causes a neutral object to be a induced dipole, and the positive part of it attracts electrons, making the object to be negatively charged.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> Benjamin Franklin was the first person to use &quot;positive&quot; and &quot;negative&quot; in describing charges and came up with principle of conservation of charges. In 1897, J.J. Thomson experimented with cathode rays and found out that electrons exist in the rays. In 1911, Ernest Rutherford discovered that atoms have a concentrated positive center with protons fixed inside nucleus.<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> *[[Charge]]<br /> <br /> *[[Electric Field]]<br /> <br /> *[[Benjamin Franklin]]<br /> <br /> *[[J.J. Thomson]]<br /> <br /> *[[Ernest Rutherford]]<br /> <br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer by Roland Coelho<br /> <br /> ==== Application ====<br /> http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/t89-067?journalCode=cgj#.VmFE97mFPIU<br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xSIA5UVAo8<br /> <br /> http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=408<br /> <br /> https://www.aip.org/history/gap/Franklin/Franklin.html<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=12453 2015-12-04T20:22:30Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* Mathematical Model */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> === Cause of Polarization ===<br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> === Conductors and Insulators ===<br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> === Misconception ===<br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> === Mathematical Model ===<br /> <br /> Induced Polarization : &lt;math&gt;\vec{P} = \alpha \vec{E}&lt;/math&gt; <br /> &quot;P&quot; is the dipole moment of polarized atoms, alpha is the polarizability of a particular material, and &quot;E&quot; is the applied electric field.<br /> This equation shows that the amount of induced polarization is directly proportional to the magnitude of the applied electric field.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> ===Simple===<br /> Question: An electric field is applied to a neutral object by a charged particle near it. After the neutral object is polarized, the particle is removed. What is the charge of the object?<br /> <br /> Answer: The object is neutral once again. Polarization is induced by the charged particle; therefore, it is not permanent.<br /> <br /> ===Middling===<br /> Question: A balloon is rubbed against a person's hair. The balloon is then placed next to a wall. You observe that the balloon sticks to the wall. How is the cause of this phenomenon?<br /> <br /> Answer: The balloon attained electrons from the person's hair, and when put near the wall, it polarizes the wall so that electrons in the wall move farther away. Then electrons in the balloon is attracted to positively charged surface of the wall.<br /> <br /> ===Difficult===<br /> Question: Draw polarization of a plastic block when a negatively charged balloon is placed near it.<br /> <br /> Answer: Since a plastic block is an insulator, electrons in the block move small distance from their original location unlike conductors, in which electrons move freely and move to a surface when polarized.<br /> <br /> [[File: Phys.jpg]]<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> Polarization is connected to my major, mechanical engineering, since using charged object as a material for designing something would require the person to take consideration possible interaction or attraction of the invention with other objects due to polarization.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a process that is used for certain charging methods. For example, induction charging is when polarization causes a neutral object to be a induced dipole, and the positive part of it attracts electrons, making the object to be negatively charged.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> Benjamin Franklin was the first person to use &quot;positive&quot; and &quot;negative&quot; in describing charges and came up with principle of conservation of charges. In 1897, J.J. Thomson experimented with cathode rays and found out that electrons exist in the rays. In 1911, Ernest Rutherford discovered that atoms have a concentrated positive center with protons fixed inside nucleus.<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> *[[Charge]]<br /> <br /> *[[Electric Field]]<br /> <br /> *[[Benjamin Franklin]]<br /> <br /> *[[J.J. Thomson]]<br /> <br /> *[[Ernest Rutherford]]<br /> <br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer by Roland Coelho<br /> <br /> ==== Application ====<br /> http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/t89-067?journalCode=cgj#.VmFE97mFPIU<br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xSIA5UVAo8<br /> <br /> http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=408<br /> <br /> https://www.aip.org/history/gap/Franklin/Franklin.html<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=12446 2015-12-04T20:18:39Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* The Main Idea */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> === Cause of Polarization ===<br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> === Conductors and Insulators ===<br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> === Misconception ===<br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> === Mathematical Model ===<br /> <br /> Dipole Moment: &lt;math&gt;\vec{P} = \alpha \vec{E}&lt;/math&gt; <br /> &quot;P&quot; is the dipole moment of polarized atoms, alpha is the polarizability of a particular material, and &quot;E&quot; is the applied electric field.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> ===Simple===<br /> Question: An electric field is applied to a neutral object by a charged particle near it. After the neutral object is polarized, the particle is removed. What is the charge of the object?<br /> <br /> Answer: The object is neutral once again. Polarization is induced by the charged particle; therefore, it is not permanent.<br /> <br /> ===Middling===<br /> Question: A balloon is rubbed against a person's hair. The balloon is then placed next to a wall. You observe that the balloon sticks to the wall. How is the cause of this phenomenon?<br /> <br /> Answer: The balloon attained electrons from the person's hair, and when put near the wall, it polarizes the wall so that electrons in the wall move farther away. Then electrons in the balloon is attracted to positively charged surface of the wall.<br /> <br /> ===Difficult===<br /> Question: Draw polarization of a plastic block when a negatively charged balloon is placed near it.<br /> <br /> Answer: Since a plastic block is an insulator, electrons in the block move small distance from their original location unlike conductors, in which electrons move freely and move to a surface when polarized.<br /> <br /> [[File: Phys.jpg]]<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> Polarization is connected to my major, mechanical engineering, since using charged object as a material for designing something would require the person to take consideration possible interaction or attraction of the invention with other objects due to polarization.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a process that is used for certain charging methods. For example, induction charging is when polarization causes a neutral object to be a induced dipole, and the positive part of it attracts electrons, making the object to be negatively charged.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> Benjamin Franklin was the first person to use &quot;positive&quot; and &quot;negative&quot; in describing charges and came up with principle of conservation of charges. In 1897, J.J. Thomson experimented with cathode rays and found out that electrons exist in the rays. In 1911, Ernest Rutherford discovered that atoms have a concentrated positive center with protons fixed inside nucleus.<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> *[[Charge]]<br /> <br /> *[[Electric Field]]<br /> <br /> *[[Benjamin Franklin]]<br /> <br /> *[[J.J. Thomson]]<br /> <br /> *[[Ernest Rutherford]]<br /> <br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer by Roland Coelho<br /> <br /> ==== Application ====<br /> http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/t89-067?journalCode=cgj#.VmFE97mFPIU<br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xSIA5UVAo8<br /> <br /> http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=408<br /> <br /> https://www.aip.org/history/gap/Franklin/Franklin.html<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=12423 2015-12-04T20:12:38Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* Connectedness */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> === Cause of Polarization ===<br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> === Conductors and Insulators ===<br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> === Misconception ===<br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> ===Simple===<br /> Question: An electric field is applied to a neutral object by a charged particle near it. After the neutral object is polarized, the particle is removed. What is the charge of the object?<br /> <br /> Answer: The object is neutral once again. Polarization is induced by the charged particle; therefore, it is not permanent.<br /> <br /> ===Middling===<br /> Question: A balloon is rubbed against a person's hair. The balloon is then placed next to a wall. You observe that the balloon sticks to the wall. How is the cause of this phenomenon?<br /> <br /> Answer: The balloon attained electrons from the person's hair, and when put near the wall, it polarizes the wall so that electrons in the wall move farther away. Then electrons in the balloon is attracted to positively charged surface of the wall.<br /> <br /> ===Difficult===<br /> Question: Draw polarization of a plastic block when a negatively charged balloon is placed near it.<br /> <br /> Answer: Since a plastic block is an insulator, electrons in the block move small distance from their original location unlike conductors, in which electrons move freely and move to a surface when polarized.<br /> <br /> [[File: Phys.jpg]]<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> Polarization is connected to my major, mechanical engineering, since using charged object as a material for designing something would require the person to take consideration possible interaction or attraction of the invention with other objects due to polarization.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a process that is used for certain charging methods. For example, induction charging is when polarization causes a neutral object to be a induced dipole, and the positive part of it attracts electrons, making the object to be negatively charged.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> Benjamin Franklin was the first person to use &quot;positive&quot; and &quot;negative&quot; in describing charges and came up with principle of conservation of charges. In 1897, J.J. Thomson experimented with cathode rays and found out that electrons exist in the rays. In 1911, Ernest Rutherford discovered that atoms have a concentrated positive center with protons fixed inside nucleus.<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> *[[Charge]]<br /> <br /> *[[Electric Field]]<br /> <br /> *[[Benjamin Franklin]]<br /> <br /> *[[J.J. Thomson]]<br /> <br /> *[[Ernest Rutherford]]<br /> <br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer by Roland Coelho<br /> <br /> ==== Application ====<br /> http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/t89-067?journalCode=cgj#.VmFE97mFPIU<br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xSIA5UVAo8<br /> <br /> http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=408<br /> <br /> https://www.aip.org/history/gap/Franklin/Franklin.html<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=12419 2015-12-04T20:11:22Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* Difficult */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> === Cause of Polarization ===<br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> === Conductors and Insulators ===<br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> === Misconception ===<br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> ===Simple===<br /> Question: An electric field is applied to a neutral object by a charged particle near it. After the neutral object is polarized, the particle is removed. What is the charge of the object?<br /> <br /> Answer: The object is neutral once again. Polarization is induced by the charged particle; therefore, it is not permanent.<br /> <br /> ===Middling===<br /> Question: A balloon is rubbed against a person's hair. The balloon is then placed next to a wall. You observe that the balloon sticks to the wall. How is the cause of this phenomenon?<br /> <br /> Answer: The balloon attained electrons from the person's hair, and when put near the wall, it polarizes the wall so that electrons in the wall move farther away. Then electrons in the balloon is attracted to positively charged surface of the wall.<br /> <br /> ===Difficult===<br /> Question: Draw polarization of a plastic block when a negatively charged balloon is placed near it.<br /> <br /> Answer: Since a plastic block is an insulator, electrons in the block move small distance from their original location unlike conductors, in which electrons move freely and move to a surface when polarized.<br /> <br /> [[File: Phys.jpg]]<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> Polarization is connected to mechanical engineering major, since using charged object as a material for designing something would require the person to take consideration possible interaction or attraction of the invention with other objects due to polarization.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a process that is used for certain charging methods. For example, induction charging is when polarization causes a neutral object to be a induced dipole, and the positive part of it attracts electrons, making the object to be negatively charged.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> Benjamin Franklin was the first person to use &quot;positive&quot; and &quot;negative&quot; in describing charges and came up with principle of conservation of charges. In 1897, J.J. Thomson experimented with cathode rays and found out that electrons exist in the rays. In 1911, Ernest Rutherford discovered that atoms have a concentrated positive center with protons fixed inside nucleus.<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> *[[Charge]]<br /> <br /> *[[Electric Field]]<br /> <br /> *[[Benjamin Franklin]]<br /> <br /> *[[J.J. Thomson]]<br /> <br /> *[[Ernest Rutherford]]<br /> <br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer by Roland Coelho<br /> <br /> ==== Application ====<br /> http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/t89-067?journalCode=cgj#.VmFE97mFPIU<br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xSIA5UVAo8<br /> <br /> http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=408<br /> <br /> https://www.aip.org/history/gap/Franklin/Franklin.html<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=12417 2015-12-04T20:11:09Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* Difficult */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> === Cause of Polarization ===<br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> === Conductors and Insulators ===<br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> === Misconception ===<br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> ===Simple===<br /> Question: An electric field is applied to a neutral object by a charged particle near it. After the neutral object is polarized, the particle is removed. What is the charge of the object?<br /> <br /> Answer: The object is neutral once again. Polarization is induced by the charged particle; therefore, it is not permanent.<br /> <br /> ===Middling===<br /> Question: A balloon is rubbed against a person's hair. The balloon is then placed next to a wall. You observe that the balloon sticks to the wall. How is the cause of this phenomenon?<br /> <br /> Answer: The balloon attained electrons from the person's hair, and when put near the wall, it polarizes the wall so that electrons in the wall move farther away. Then electrons in the balloon is attracted to positively charged surface of the wall.<br /> <br /> ===Difficult===<br /> Question: Draw polarization of a plastic block when a negatively charged balloon is placed near it.<br /> <br /> Answer: Since a plastic block is an insulator, electrons in the block move small distance from their original location unlike conductors, in which electrons move freely and move to a surface when polarized.<br /> <br /> File: Phys.jpg<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> Polarization is connected to mechanical engineering major, since using charged object as a material for designing something would require the person to take consideration possible interaction or attraction of the invention with other objects due to polarization.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a process that is used for certain charging methods. For example, induction charging is when polarization causes a neutral object to be a induced dipole, and the positive part of it attracts electrons, making the object to be negatively charged.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> Benjamin Franklin was the first person to use &quot;positive&quot; and &quot;negative&quot; in describing charges and came up with principle of conservation of charges. In 1897, J.J. Thomson experimented with cathode rays and found out that electrons exist in the rays. In 1911, Ernest Rutherford discovered that atoms have a concentrated positive center with protons fixed inside nucleus.<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> *[[Charge]]<br /> <br /> *[[Electric Field]]<br /> <br /> *[[Benjamin Franklin]]<br /> <br /> *[[J.J. Thomson]]<br /> <br /> *[[Ernest Rutherford]]<br /> <br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer by Roland Coelho<br /> <br /> ==== Application ====<br /> http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/t89-067?journalCode=cgj#.VmFE97mFPIU<br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xSIA5UVAo8<br /> <br /> http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=408<br /> <br /> https://www.aip.org/history/gap/Franklin/Franklin.html<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=12415 2015-12-04T20:10:52Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* Difficult */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> === Cause of Polarization ===<br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> === Conductors and Insulators ===<br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> === Misconception ===<br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> ===Simple===<br /> Question: An electric field is applied to a neutral object by a charged particle near it. After the neutral object is polarized, the particle is removed. What is the charge of the object?<br /> <br /> Answer: The object is neutral once again. Polarization is induced by the charged particle; therefore, it is not permanent.<br /> <br /> ===Middling===<br /> Question: A balloon is rubbed against a person's hair. The balloon is then placed next to a wall. You observe that the balloon sticks to the wall. How is the cause of this phenomenon?<br /> <br /> Answer: The balloon attained electrons from the person's hair, and when put near the wall, it polarizes the wall so that electrons in the wall move farther away. Then electrons in the balloon is attracted to positively charged surface of the wall.<br /> <br /> ===Difficult===<br /> Question: Draw polarization of a plastic block when a negatively charged balloon is placed near it.<br /> <br /> Answer: Since a plastic block is an insulator, electrons in the block move small distance from their original location unlike conductors, in which electrons move freely and move to a surface when polarized.<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> Polarization is connected to mechanical engineering major, since using charged object as a material for designing something would require the person to take consideration possible interaction or attraction of the invention with other objects due to polarization.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a process that is used for certain charging methods. For example, induction charging is when polarization causes a neutral object to be a induced dipole, and the positive part of it attracts electrons, making the object to be negatively charged.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> Benjamin Franklin was the first person to use &quot;positive&quot; and &quot;negative&quot; in describing charges and came up with principle of conservation of charges. In 1897, J.J. Thomson experimented with cathode rays and found out that electrons exist in the rays. In 1911, Ernest Rutherford discovered that atoms have a concentrated positive center with protons fixed inside nucleus.<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> *[[Charge]]<br /> <br /> *[[Electric Field]]<br /> <br /> *[[Benjamin Franklin]]<br /> <br /> *[[J.J. Thomson]]<br /> <br /> *[[Ernest Rutherford]]<br /> <br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer by Roland Coelho<br /> <br /> ==== Application ====<br /> http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/t89-067?journalCode=cgj#.VmFE97mFPIU<br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xSIA5UVAo8<br /> <br /> http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=408<br /> <br /> https://www.aip.org/history/gap/Franklin/Franklin.html<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=File:Phys.jpg&diff=12407 2015-12-04T20:06:40Z

<p>Jkim3070: </p> <hr /> <div></div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Polarization&diff=12405 2015-12-04T20:05:50Z

<p>Jkim3070: Undo revision 12403 by Jkim3070 (talk)</p> <hr /> <div>Short Description of Topic<br /> Made By: tkapadia3 aka Tapas Kapadia <br /> ==The Main Idea==<br /> <br /> At an atomic level, external charges cause subatomic particles to restructure in way that is can be described as polarization. For example, a positive charge will create an outward field which will move the average electron position closer to the positive charge and the nucleus further away. Through this process of polarization, charges or electric fields effectively make neutral object induced dipoles. Polarization explains the attraction between charged objects and neutral object. A charged object creates an electric field that causes the opposite sign charge closer which in turn causes a net attraction. How readily a charged object can cause a material to polarize or the polarizability is different for different materials. The amount of polarization or the dipole moment is equal to the the polarizability multiplied by the electric field applied. The two main type of material are insulators and conductors and each of these handles polarization in a different way. It is important to understand that polarization itself does not induce charging. Polarization is the redistribution of charges throughout an object; a polarized neutral object is still a neutral object regardless of whether it is an insulator or conductor. <br /> <br /> [[File:1wikibookpic.jpg]]<br /> <br /> Polarization in Insulator: One main property of insulators is that electrons are tightly bound to the molecules. Therefore, there is no &quot;sea of electrons&quot; and the polarization happens much like what is shown below in which the actual atoms do not move very much but rather just reorient themselves to point correspondingly to the charges on or in the insulator. The net electric field is not equal to zero in the an insulator if there is a net electric field acting upon it. <br /> <br /> [[File:2wikibookpic.jpg]]<br /> <br /> Polarization in Conductors: Polarization in conductors differs from polarization in insulators because conductors have charged particles that can move throughout the object. While insulators have atoms that simply reorient themselves, conductors have charged particles that can move distances due to external charges applied upon the material. The speed in which these mobile charges move due to an applied electric is known formally as drift speed. The drift speed is equal to the the net electric field at the location of the charge multiplied by a the mobility of the mobile charges. Another important property of conductors is that excess charges are always located out the outside on the surface of the conductor. Because the polarization causes the mobile charges to reorient on the surface, the net electric field always goes to zero. This state is known as equilibrium, and it features a electron drift speed equal to 0. The electric field of the polarization of the charges cancels out the electric field applied which which leaves no net electric field inside a conductor when it is at equilibrium. <br /> <br /> [[File:3wikibookpic.jpg]]<br /> <br /> ===A Mathematical Model===<br /> <br /> Electric Force: &lt;math&gt;\vec{F} = q\vec{E}&lt;/math&gt; Where &quot;F&quot; is the electric force, &quot;q&quot; is the charge, and &quot;E&quot; is the electric field. <br /> <br /> Dipole Moment: &lt;math&gt;\vec{P} = \alpha \vec{E}&lt;/math&gt; Where &quot;P&quot; is the dipole moment, alpha is the polarizability (different for every material), and &quot;E&quot; is the applied electric field. <br /> <br /> Drift Speed: &lt;math&gt;\vec{v} = \mu E_{net}&lt;/math&gt; Where &quot;v&quot; is the drift speed, mu is the mobility of the charge, and &quot;Enet&quot; is the magnitude of the net electric field. <br /> <br /> What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example &lt;math&gt;{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}&lt;/math&gt; where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.<br /> <br /> ===A Computational Model===<br /> <br /> How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]<br /> <br /> ==Examples==<br /> <br /> Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible<br /> <br /> ===Simple===<br /> Does a negatively charged rod cause the metal sphere to polarize? If so, show the polarization of the neutral metal sphere, describe the electric field, and electric force caused by the negatively charged rod displayed below. <br /> [[File:4wikibookpic.jpg]]<br /> <br /> The electric field is toward the negatively charged rod. The electric force is pointed toward the charged as well. Thus the negative mobile charges are pushed to the surface of the far side of the sphere. The polarization essentially makes one giant dipole which has a net electric field of zero inside the sphere. <br /> [[File:5wikibookpic.jpg]]<br /> ===Middling===<br /> Find the direction of the net electric field at each point. Describe each electric field that is acting to create the net electric field. The square is a insulator while the sphere is a conductor. <br /> [[File:6wikibookpic.jpg]]<br /> The net electric fields are shown below. There is no net electric field at location B because the mobile charges move to the surface of the sphere and <br /> <br /> ===Difficult===<br /> <br /> ==Connectedness==<br /> #How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?<br /> #How is it connected to your major?<br /> #Is there an interesting industrial application?<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> <br /> Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> <br /> Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?<br /> <br /> ===Further reading===<br /> <br /> Books, Articles or other print media on this topic<br /> <br /> ===External links===<br /> <br /> Internet resources on this topic<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br /> <br /> [[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=12404 2015-12-04T20:05:32Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* Difficult */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> === Cause of Polarization ===<br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> === Conductors and Insulators ===<br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> === Misconception ===<br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> ===Simple===<br /> Question: An electric field is applied to a neutral object by a charged particle near it. After the neutral object is polarized, the particle is removed. What is the charge of the object?<br /> <br /> Answer: The object is neutral once again. Polarization is induced by the charged particle; therefore, it is not permanent.<br /> <br /> ===Middling===<br /> Question: A balloon is rubbed against a person's hair. The balloon is then placed next to a wall. You observe that the balloon sticks to the wall. How is the cause of this phenomenon?<br /> <br /> Answer: The balloon attained electrons from the person's hair, and when put near the wall, it polarizes the wall so that electrons in the wall move farther away. Then electrons in the balloon is attracted to positively charged surface of the wall.<br /> <br /> ===Difficult===<br /> Question: Draw polarization of a plastic block when a negatively charged balloon is placed near it.<br /> <br /> Answer: Since a plastic block is an insulator, electrons in the block move small distance from their original location unlike conductors, in which electrons move freely and move to a surface when polarized.<br /> <br /> [[File:Phys.jpg]]<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> Polarization is connected to mechanical engineering major, since using charged object as a material for designing something would require the person to take consideration possible interaction or attraction of the invention with other objects due to polarization.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a process that is used for certain charging methods. For example, induction charging is when polarization causes a neutral object to be a induced dipole, and the positive part of it attracts electrons, making the object to be negatively charged.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> Benjamin Franklin was the first person to use &quot;positive&quot; and &quot;negative&quot; in describing charges and came up with principle of conservation of charges. In 1897, J.J. Thomson experimented with cathode rays and found out that electrons exist in the rays. In 1911, Ernest Rutherford discovered that atoms have a concentrated positive center with protons fixed inside nucleus.<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> *[[Charge]]<br /> <br /> *[[Electric Field]]<br /> <br /> *[[Benjamin Franklin]]<br /> <br /> *[[J.J. Thomson]]<br /> <br /> *[[Ernest Rutherford]]<br /> <br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer by Roland Coelho<br /> <br /> ==== Application ====<br /> http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/t89-067?journalCode=cgj#.VmFE97mFPIU<br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xSIA5UVAo8<br /> <br /> http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=408<br /> <br /> https://www.aip.org/history/gap/Franklin/Franklin.html<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Polarization&diff=12403 2015-12-04T20:05:20Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* Simple */</p> <hr /> <div>Short Description of Topic<br /> Made By: tkapadia3 aka Tapas Kapadia <br /> ==The Main Idea==<br /> <br /> At an atomic level, external charges cause subatomic particles to restructure in way that is can be described as polarization. For example, a positive charge will create an outward field which will move the average electron position closer to the positive charge and the nucleus further away. Through this process of polarization, charges or electric fields effectively make neutral object induced dipoles. Polarization explains the attraction between charged objects and neutral object. A charged object creates an electric field that causes the opposite sign charge closer which in turn causes a net attraction. How readily a charged object can cause a material to polarize or the polarizability is different for different materials. The amount of polarization or the dipole moment is equal to the the polarizability multiplied by the electric field applied. The two main type of material are insulators and conductors and each of these handles polarization in a different way. It is important to understand that polarization itself does not induce charging. Polarization is the redistribution of charges throughout an object; a polarized neutral object is still a neutral object regardless of whether it is an insulator or conductor. <br /> <br /> [[File:1wikibookpic.jpg]]<br /> <br /> Polarization in Insulator: One main property of insulators is that electrons are tightly bound to the molecules. Therefore, there is no &quot;sea of electrons&quot; and the polarization happens much like what is shown below in which the actual atoms do not move very much but rather just reorient themselves to point correspondingly to the charges on or in the insulator. The net electric field is not equal to zero in the an insulator if there is a net electric field acting upon it. <br /> <br /> [[File:2wikibookpic.jpg]]<br /> <br /> Polarization in Conductors: Polarization in conductors differs from polarization in insulators because conductors have charged particles that can move throughout the object. While insulators have atoms that simply reorient themselves, conductors have charged particles that can move distances due to external charges applied upon the material. The speed in which these mobile charges move due to an applied electric is known formally as drift speed. The drift speed is equal to the the net electric field at the location of the charge multiplied by a the mobility of the mobile charges. Another important property of conductors is that excess charges are always located out the outside on the surface of the conductor. Because the polarization causes the mobile charges to reorient on the surface, the net electric field always goes to zero. This state is known as equilibrium, and it features a electron drift speed equal to 0. The electric field of the polarization of the charges cancels out the electric field applied which which leaves no net electric field inside a conductor when it is at equilibrium. <br /> <br /> [[File:3wikibookpic.jpg]]<br /> <br /> ===A Mathematical Model===<br /> <br /> Electric Force: &lt;math&gt;\vec{F} = q\vec{E}&lt;/math&gt; Where &quot;F&quot; is the electric force, &quot;q&quot; is the charge, and &quot;E&quot; is the electric field. <br /> <br /> Dipole Moment: &lt;math&gt;\vec{P} = \alpha \vec{E}&lt;/math&gt; Where &quot;P&quot; is the dipole moment, alpha is the polarizability (different for every material), and &quot;E&quot; is the applied electric field. <br /> <br /> Drift Speed: &lt;math&gt;\vec{v} = \mu E_{net}&lt;/math&gt; Where &quot;v&quot; is the drift speed, mu is the mobility of the charge, and &quot;Enet&quot; is the magnitude of the net electric field. <br /> <br /> What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example &lt;math&gt;{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}&lt;/math&gt; where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.<br /> <br /> ===A Computational Model===<br /> <br /> How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]<br /> <br /> ==Examples==<br /> <br /> Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible<br /> <br /> ===Simple===<br /> Does a negatively charged rod cause the metal sphere to polarize? If so, show the polarization of the neutral metal sphere, describe the electric field, and electric force caused by the negatively charged rod displayed below. <br /> [[File:4wikibookpic.jpg]]<br /> <br /> The electric field is toward the negatively charged rod. The electric force is pointed toward the charged as well. Thus the negative mobile charges are pushed to the surface of the far side of the sphere. The polarization essentially makes one giant dipole which has a net electric field of zero inside the sphere. <br /> [[File:5wikibookpic.jpg]]<br /> <br /> ===Middling===<br /> Find the direction of the net electric field at each point. Describe each electric field that is acting to create the net electric field. The square is a insulator while the sphere is a conductor. <br /> [[File:6wikibookpic.jpg]]<br /> The net electric fields are shown below. There is no net electric field at location B because the mobile charges move to the surface of the sphere and <br /> <br /> ===Difficult===<br /> <br /> ==Connectedness==<br /> #How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?<br /> #How is it connected to your major?<br /> #Is there an interesting industrial application?<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> <br /> Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> <br /> Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?<br /> <br /> ===Further reading===<br /> <br /> Books, Articles or other print media on this topic<br /> <br /> ===External links===<br /> <br /> Internet resources on this topic<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br /> <br /> [[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=12379 2015-12-04T19:54:21Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* Difficult */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> === Cause of Polarization ===<br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> === Conductors and Insulators ===<br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> === Misconception ===<br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> ===Simple===<br /> Question: An electric field is applied to a neutral object by a charged particle near it. After the neutral object is polarized, the particle is removed. What is the charge of the object?<br /> <br /> Answer: The object is neutral once again. Polarization is induced by the charged particle; therefore, it is not permanent.<br /> <br /> ===Middling===<br /> Question: A balloon is rubbed against a person's hair. The balloon is then placed next to a wall. You observe that the balloon sticks to the wall. How is the cause of this phenomenon?<br /> <br /> Answer: The balloon attained electrons from the person's hair, and when put near the wall, it polarizes the wall so that electrons in the wall move farther away. Then electrons in the balloon is attracted to positively charged surface of the wall.<br /> <br /> ===Difficult===<br /> Question: Draw polarization of a plastic block when a negatively charged balloon is placed near it.<br /> <br /> Answer: Since a plastic block is an insulator, electrons in the block move small distance from their original location unlike conductors, in which electrons move freely and move to a surface when polarized.<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> Polarization is connected to mechanical engineering major, since using charged object as a material for designing something would require the person to take consideration possible interaction or attraction of the invention with other objects due to polarization.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a process that is used for certain charging methods. For example, induction charging is when polarization causes a neutral object to be a induced dipole, and the positive part of it attracts electrons, making the object to be negatively charged.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> Benjamin Franklin was the first person to use &quot;positive&quot; and &quot;negative&quot; in describing charges and came up with principle of conservation of charges. In 1897, J.J. Thomson experimented with cathode rays and found out that electrons exist in the rays. In 1911, Ernest Rutherford discovered that atoms have a concentrated positive center with protons fixed inside nucleus.<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> *[[Charge]]<br /> <br /> *[[Electric Field]]<br /> <br /> *[[Benjamin Franklin]]<br /> <br /> *[[J.J. Thomson]]<br /> <br /> *[[Ernest Rutherford]]<br /> <br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer by Roland Coelho<br /> <br /> ==== Application ====<br /> http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/t89-067?journalCode=cgj#.VmFE97mFPIU<br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xSIA5UVAo8<br /> <br /> http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=408<br /> <br /> https://www.aip.org/history/gap/Franklin/Franklin.html<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=12358 2015-12-04T19:42:19Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* Middling */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> === Cause of Polarization ===<br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> === Conductors and Insulators ===<br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> === Misconception ===<br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> ===Simple===<br /> Question: An electric field is applied to a neutral object by a charged particle near it. After the neutral object is polarized, the particle is removed. What is the charge of the object?<br /> <br /> Answer: The object is neutral once again. Polarization is induced by the charged particle; therefore, it is not permanent.<br /> <br /> ===Middling===<br /> Question: A balloon is rubbed against a person's hair. The balloon is then placed next to a wall. You observe that the balloon sticks to the wall. How is the cause of this phenomenon?<br /> <br /> Answer: The balloon attained electrons from the person's hair, and when put near the wall, it polarizes the wall so that electrons in the wall move farther away. Then electrons in the balloon is attracted to positively charged surface of the wall.<br /> <br /> ===Difficult===<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> Polarization is connected to mechanical engineering major, since using charged object as a material for designing something would require the person to take consideration possible interaction or attraction of the invention with other objects due to polarization.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a process that is used for certain charging methods. For example, induction charging is when polarization causes a neutral object to be a induced dipole, and the positive part of it attracts electrons, making the object to be negatively charged.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> Benjamin Franklin was the first person to use &quot;positive&quot; and &quot;negative&quot; in describing charges and came up with principle of conservation of charges. In 1897, J.J. Thomson experimented with cathode rays and found out that electrons exist in the rays. In 1911, Ernest Rutherford discovered that atoms have a concentrated positive center with protons fixed inside nucleus.<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> *[[Charge]]<br /> <br /> *[[Electric Field]]<br /> <br /> *[[Benjamin Franklin]]<br /> <br /> *[[J.J. Thomson]]<br /> <br /> *[[Ernest Rutherford]]<br /> <br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer by Roland Coelho<br /> <br /> ==== Application ====<br /> http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/t89-067?journalCode=cgj#.VmFE97mFPIU<br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xSIA5UVAo8<br /> <br /> http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=408<br /> <br /> https://www.aip.org/history/gap/Franklin/Franklin.html<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=12344 2015-12-04T19:34:41Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* Simple */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> === Cause of Polarization ===<br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> === Conductors and Insulators ===<br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> === Misconception ===<br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> ===Simple===<br /> Question: An electric field is applied to a neutral object by a charged particle near it. After the neutral object is polarized, the particle is removed. What is the charge of the object?<br /> <br /> Answer: The object is neutral once again. Polarization is induced by the charged particle; therefore, it is not permanent.<br /> <br /> ===Middling===<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Difficult===<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> Polarization is connected to mechanical engineering major, since using charged object as a material for designing something would require the person to take consideration possible interaction or attraction of the invention with other objects due to polarization.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a process that is used for certain charging methods. For example, induction charging is when polarization causes a neutral object to be a induced dipole, and the positive part of it attracts electrons, making the object to be negatively charged.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> Benjamin Franklin was the first person to use &quot;positive&quot; and &quot;negative&quot; in describing charges and came up with principle of conservation of charges. In 1897, J.J. Thomson experimented with cathode rays and found out that electrons exist in the rays. In 1911, Ernest Rutherford discovered that atoms have a concentrated positive center with protons fixed inside nucleus.<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> *[[Charge]]<br /> <br /> *[[Electric Field]]<br /> <br /> *[[Benjamin Franklin]]<br /> <br /> *[[J.J. Thomson]]<br /> <br /> *[[Ernest Rutherford]]<br /> <br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer by Roland Coelho<br /> <br /> ==== Application ====<br /> http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/t89-067?journalCode=cgj#.VmFE97mFPIU<br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xSIA5UVAo8<br /> <br /> http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=408<br /> <br /> https://www.aip.org/history/gap/Franklin/Franklin.html<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=12291 2015-12-04T18:53:37Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* Examples */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> === Cause of Polarization ===<br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> === Conductors and Insulators ===<br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> === Misconception ===<br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> ===Simple===<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Middling===<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ===Difficult===<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> Polarization is connected to mechanical engineering major, since using charged object as a material for designing something would require the person to take consideration possible interaction or attraction of the invention with other objects due to polarization.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a process that is used for certain charging methods. For example, induction charging is when polarization causes a neutral object to be a induced dipole, and the positive part of it attracts electrons, making the object to be negatively charged.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> Benjamin Franklin was the first person to use &quot;positive&quot; and &quot;negative&quot; in describing charges and came up with principle of conservation of charges. In 1897, J.J. Thomson experimented with cathode rays and found out that electrons exist in the rays. In 1911, Ernest Rutherford discovered that atoms have a concentrated positive center with protons fixed inside nucleus.<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> *[[Charge]]<br /> <br /> *[[Electric Field]]<br /> <br /> *[[Benjamin Franklin]]<br /> <br /> *[[J.J. Thomson]]<br /> <br /> *[[Ernest Rutherford]]<br /> <br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer by Roland Coelho<br /> <br /> ==== Application ====<br /> http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/t89-067?journalCode=cgj#.VmFE97mFPIU<br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xSIA5UVAo8<br /> <br /> http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=408<br /> <br /> https://www.aip.org/history/gap/Franklin/Franklin.html<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=12288 2015-12-04T18:51:10Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* See Also */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> === Cause of Polarization ===<br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> === Conductors and Insulators ===<br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> === Misconception ===<br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> Polarization is connected to mechanical engineering major, since using charged object as a material for designing something would require the person to take consideration possible interaction or attraction of the invention with other objects due to polarization.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a process that is used for certain charging methods. For example, induction charging is when polarization causes a neutral object to be a induced dipole, and the positive part of it attracts electrons, making the object to be negatively charged.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> Benjamin Franklin was the first person to use &quot;positive&quot; and &quot;negative&quot; in describing charges and came up with principle of conservation of charges. In 1897, J.J. Thomson experimented with cathode rays and found out that electrons exist in the rays. In 1911, Ernest Rutherford discovered that atoms have a concentrated positive center with protons fixed inside nucleus.<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> *[[Charge]]<br /> <br /> *[[Electric Field]]<br /> <br /> *[[Benjamin Franklin]]<br /> <br /> *[[J.J. Thomson]]<br /> <br /> *[[Ernest Rutherford]]<br /> <br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer by Roland Coelho<br /> <br /> ==== Application ====<br /> http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/t89-067?journalCode=cgj#.VmFE97mFPIU<br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xSIA5UVAo8<br /> <br /> http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=408<br /> <br /> https://www.aip.org/history/gap/Franklin/Franklin.html<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=12287 2015-12-04T18:50:45Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* See Also */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> === Cause of Polarization ===<br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> === Conductors and Insulators ===<br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> === Misconception ===<br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> Polarization is connected to mechanical engineering major, since using charged object as a material for designing something would require the person to take consideration possible interaction or attraction of the invention with other objects due to polarization.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a process that is used for certain charging methods. For example, induction charging is when polarization causes a neutral object to be a induced dipole, and the positive part of it attracts electrons, making the object to be negatively charged.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> Benjamin Franklin was the first person to use &quot;positive&quot; and &quot;negative&quot; in describing charges and came up with principle of conservation of charges. In 1897, J.J. Thomson experimented with cathode rays and found out that electrons exist in the rays. In 1911, Ernest Rutherford discovered that atoms have a concentrated positive center with protons fixed inside nucleus.<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> *[[Charge]]<br /> <br /> *[[Electric Field]]<br /> <br /> *[[Benjamin Franklin]]<br /> <br /> *[[J.J.Thomson]]<br /> <br /> *[[Ernest Rutherford]]<br /> <br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer by Roland Coelho<br /> <br /> ==== Application ====<br /> http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/t89-067?journalCode=cgj#.VmFE97mFPIU<br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xSIA5UVAo8<br /> <br /> http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=408<br /> <br /> https://www.aip.org/history/gap/Franklin/Franklin.html<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=12286 2015-12-04T18:50:39Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* See Also */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> === Cause of Polarization ===<br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> === Conductors and Insulators ===<br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> === Misconception ===<br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> Polarization is connected to mechanical engineering major, since using charged object as a material for designing something would require the person to take consideration possible interaction or attraction of the invention with other objects due to polarization.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a process that is used for certain charging methods. For example, induction charging is when polarization causes a neutral object to be a induced dipole, and the positive part of it attracts electrons, making the object to be negatively charged.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> Benjamin Franklin was the first person to use &quot;positive&quot; and &quot;negative&quot; in describing charges and came up with principle of conservation of charges. In 1897, J.J. Thomson experimented with cathode rays and found out that electrons exist in the rays. In 1911, Ernest Rutherford discovered that atoms have a concentrated positive center with protons fixed inside nucleus.<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> *[[Charge]]<br /> <br /> *[[Electric Field]]<br /> <br /> *[[Benjamin Franklin]]<br /> <br /> *[[J.J.Thomson]]<br /> <br /> <br /> *[[Ernest Rutherford]]<br /> <br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer by Roland Coelho<br /> <br /> ==== Application ====<br /> http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/t89-067?journalCode=cgj#.VmFE97mFPIU<br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xSIA5UVAo8<br /> <br /> http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=408<br /> <br /> https://www.aip.org/history/gap/Franklin/Franklin.html<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=12285 2015-12-04T18:50:13Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* See Also */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> === Cause of Polarization ===<br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> === Conductors and Insulators ===<br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> === Misconception ===<br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> Polarization is connected to mechanical engineering major, since using charged object as a material for designing something would require the person to take consideration possible interaction or attraction of the invention with other objects due to polarization.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a process that is used for certain charging methods. For example, induction charging is when polarization causes a neutral object to be a induced dipole, and the positive part of it attracts electrons, making the object to be negatively charged.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> Benjamin Franklin was the first person to use &quot;positive&quot; and &quot;negative&quot; in describing charges and came up with principle of conservation of charges. In 1897, J.J. Thomson experimented with cathode rays and found out that electrons exist in the rays. In 1911, Ernest Rutherford discovered that atoms have a concentrated positive center with protons fixed inside nucleus.<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> *[[Charge]]<br /> <br /> *[[Electric Field]]<br /> <br /> *[[Benjamin Franklin]]<br /> <br /> *[[J.J.Thomson]]<br /> <br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer by Roland Coelho<br /> <br /> ==== Application ====<br /> http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/t89-067?journalCode=cgj#.VmFE97mFPIU<br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xSIA5UVAo8<br /> <br /> http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=408<br /> <br /> https://www.aip.org/history/gap/Franklin/Franklin.html<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=12284 2015-12-04T18:49:36Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* See Also */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> === Cause of Polarization ===<br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> === Conductors and Insulators ===<br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> === Misconception ===<br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> Polarization is connected to mechanical engineering major, since using charged object as a material for designing something would require the person to take consideration possible interaction or attraction of the invention with other objects due to polarization.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a process that is used for certain charging methods. For example, induction charging is when polarization causes a neutral object to be a induced dipole, and the positive part of it attracts electrons, making the object to be negatively charged.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> Benjamin Franklin was the first person to use &quot;positive&quot; and &quot;negative&quot; in describing charges and came up with principle of conservation of charges. In 1897, J.J. Thomson experimented with cathode rays and found out that electrons exist in the rays. In 1911, Ernest Rutherford discovered that atoms have a concentrated positive center with protons fixed inside nucleus.<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> *[[Charge]]<br /> <br /> *[[Electric Field]]<br /> <br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer by Roland Coelho<br /> <br /> ==== Application ====<br /> http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/t89-067?journalCode=cgj#.VmFE97mFPIU<br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xSIA5UVAo8<br /> <br /> http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=408<br /> <br /> https://www.aip.org/history/gap/Franklin/Franklin.html<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=12283 2015-12-04T18:49:19Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* See Also */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> === Cause of Polarization ===<br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> === Conductors and Insulators ===<br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> === Misconception ===<br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> Polarization is connected to mechanical engineering major, since using charged object as a material for designing something would require the person to take consideration possible interaction or attraction of the invention with other objects due to polarization.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a process that is used for certain charging methods. For example, induction charging is when polarization causes a neutral object to be a induced dipole, and the positive part of it attracts electrons, making the object to be negatively charged.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> Benjamin Franklin was the first person to use &quot;positive&quot; and &quot;negative&quot; in describing charges and came up with principle of conservation of charges. In 1897, J.J. Thomson experimented with cathode rays and found out that electrons exist in the rays. In 1911, Ernest Rutherford discovered that atoms have a concentrated positive center with protons fixed inside nucleus.<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> [[*Charge]]<br /> [[*Electric Field]]<br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer by Roland Coelho<br /> <br /> ==== Application ====<br /> http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/t89-067?journalCode=cgj#.VmFE97mFPIU<br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xSIA5UVAo8<br /> <br /> http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=408<br /> <br /> https://www.aip.org/history/gap/Franklin/Franklin.html<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=12282 2015-12-04T18:48:34Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* See Also */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> === Cause of Polarization ===<br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> === Conductors and Insulators ===<br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> === Misconception ===<br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> Polarization is connected to mechanical engineering major, since using charged object as a material for designing something would require the person to take consideration possible interaction or attraction of the invention with other objects due to polarization.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a process that is used for certain charging methods. For example, induction charging is when polarization causes a neutral object to be a induced dipole, and the positive part of it attracts electrons, making the object to be negatively charged.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> Benjamin Franklin was the first person to use &quot;positive&quot; and &quot;negative&quot; in describing charges and came up with principle of conservation of charges. In 1897, J.J. Thomson experimented with cathode rays and found out that electrons exist in the rays. In 1911, Ernest Rutherford discovered that atoms have a concentrated positive center with protons fixed inside nucleus.<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> [[*Charge]]<br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer by Roland Coelho<br /> <br /> ==== Application ====<br /> http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/t89-067?journalCode=cgj#.VmFE97mFPIU<br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xSIA5UVAo8<br /> <br /> http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=408<br /> <br /> https://www.aip.org/history/gap/Franklin/Franklin.html<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=12278 2015-12-04T18:44:58Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* Reference */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> === Cause of Polarization ===<br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> === Conductors and Insulators ===<br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> === Misconception ===<br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> Polarization is connected to mechanical engineering major, since using charged object as a material for designing something would require the person to take consideration possible interaction or attraction of the invention with other objects due to polarization.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a process that is used for certain charging methods. For example, induction charging is when polarization causes a neutral object to be a induced dipole, and the positive part of it attracts electrons, making the object to be negatively charged.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> Benjamin Franklin was the first person to use &quot;positive&quot; and &quot;negative&quot; in describing charges and came up with principle of conservation of charges. In 1897, J.J. Thomson experimented with cathode rays and found out that electrons exist in the rays. In 1911, Ernest Rutherford discovered that atoms have a concentrated positive center with protons fixed inside nucleus.<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> <br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer by Roland Coelho<br /> <br /> ==== Application ====<br /> http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/t89-067?journalCode=cgj#.VmFE97mFPIU<br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xSIA5UVAo8<br /> <br /> http://scienceline.ucsb.edu/getkey.php?key=408<br /> <br /> https://www.aip.org/history/gap/Franklin/Franklin.html<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=12277 2015-12-04T18:43:13Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* History */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> === Cause of Polarization ===<br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> === Conductors and Insulators ===<br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> === Misconception ===<br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> Polarization is connected to mechanical engineering major, since using charged object as a material for designing something would require the person to take consideration possible interaction or attraction of the invention with other objects due to polarization.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a process that is used for certain charging methods. For example, induction charging is when polarization causes a neutral object to be a induced dipole, and the positive part of it attracts electrons, making the object to be negatively charged.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> Benjamin Franklin was the first person to use &quot;positive&quot; and &quot;negative&quot; in describing charges and came up with principle of conservation of charges. In 1897, J.J. Thomson experimented with cathode rays and found out that electrons exist in the rays. In 1911, Ernest Rutherford discovered that atoms have a concentrated positive center with protons fixed inside nucleus.<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> <br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer by Roland Coelho<br /> <br /> ==== Application ====<br /> http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/t89-067?journalCode=cgj#.VmFE97mFPIU<br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xSIA5UVAo8<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=12251 2015-12-04T18:30:05Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* Further Reading */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> === Cause of Polarization ===<br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> === Conductors and Insulators ===<br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> === Misconception ===<br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> Polarization is connected to mechanical engineering major, since using charged object as a material for designing something would require the person to take consideration possible interaction or attraction of the invention with other objects due to polarization.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a process that is used for certain charging methods. For example, induction charging is when polarization causes a neutral object to be a induced dipole, and the positive part of it attracts electrons, making the object to be negatively charged.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> <br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer by Roland Coelho<br /> <br /> ==== Application ====<br /> http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/t89-067?journalCode=cgj#.VmFE97mFPIU<br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xSIA5UVAo8<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=11861 2015-12-04T08:14:57Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* Reference */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> === Cause of Polarization ===<br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> === Conductors and Insulators ===<br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> === Misconception ===<br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> Polarization is connected to mechanical engineering major, since using charged object as a material for designing something would require the person to take consideration possible interaction or attraction of the invention with other objects due to polarization.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a process that is used for certain charging methods. For example, induction charging is when polarization causes a neutral object to be a induced dipole, and the positive part of it attracts electrons, making the object to be negatively charged.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> <br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/t89-067?journalCode=cgj#.VmFE97mFPIU<br /> <br /> Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer by Roland Coelho<br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3xSIA5UVAo8<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=11860 2015-12-04T08:12:22Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* Reference */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> === Cause of Polarization ===<br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> === Conductors and Insulators ===<br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> === Misconception ===<br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> Polarization is connected to mechanical engineering major, since using charged object as a material for designing something would require the person to take consideration possible interaction or attraction of the invention with other objects due to polarization.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a process that is used for certain charging methods. For example, induction charging is when polarization causes a neutral object to be a induced dipole, and the positive part of it attracts electrons, making the object to be negatively charged.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> <br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/t89-067?journalCode=cgj#.VmFE97mFPIU<br /> <br /> Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer by Roland Coelho<br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=11859 2015-12-04T07:54:39Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* The Main Idea */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> === Cause of Polarization ===<br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> === Conductors and Insulators ===<br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> === Misconception ===<br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> Polarization is connected to mechanical engineering major, since using charged object as a material for designing something would require the person to take consideration possible interaction or attraction of the invention with other objects due to polarization.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a process that is used for certain charging methods. For example, induction charging is when polarization causes a neutral object to be a induced dipole, and the positive part of it attracts electrons, making the object to be negatively charged.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> <br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/t89-067?journalCode=cgj#.VmFE97mFPIU<br /> <br /> Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer by Roland Coelho<br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.polarization.com/history/history.html<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=11856 2015-12-04T07:52:30Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* Further Reading */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> Polarization is connected to mechanical engineering major, since using charged object as a material for designing something would require the person to take consideration possible interaction or attraction of the invention with other objects due to polarization.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a process that is used for certain charging methods. For example, induction charging is when polarization causes a neutral object to be a induced dipole, and the positive part of it attracts electrons, making the object to be negatively charged.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> <br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/t89-067?journalCode=cgj#.VmFE97mFPIU<br /> <br /> Physics of Dielectrics for the Engineer by Roland Coelho<br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.polarization.com/history/history.html<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=11833 2015-12-04T07:34:02Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* Connectedness */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> Polarization is connected to mechanical engineering major, since using charged object as a material for designing something would require the person to take consideration possible interaction or attraction of the invention with other objects due to polarization.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a process that is used for certain charging methods. For example, induction charging is when polarization causes a neutral object to be a induced dipole, and the positive part of it attracts electrons, making the object to be negatively charged.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> <br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> <br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.polarization.com/history/history.html<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=11601 2015-12-04T05:35:56Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* See Also */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> As for PHYS 2212, polarization is one of the main topic covered in the course, frequently appearing as test questions.<br /> Possible questions include drawing how a conductor or an insulator would be polarized when located near a positively or negatively charged object.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> <br /> === Further Reading ===<br /> <br /> <br /> === External Links ===<br /> https://courses.cit.cornell.edu/ece303/Lectures/lecture7.pdf<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.polarization.com/history/history.html<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=11593 2015-12-04T05:33:13Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* Reference */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> As for PHYS 2212, polarization is one of the main topic covered in the course, frequently appearing as test questions.<br /> Possible questions include drawing how a conductor or an insulator would be polarized when located near a positively or negatively charged object.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> <br /> https://www.polarization.com/history/history.html<br /> <br /> Matter and Interactions Fourth Edition by Ruth W. Chabay, Bruce A. Sherwood</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=11592 2015-12-04T05:31:40Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* Reference */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> As for PHYS 2212, polarization is one of the main topic covered in the course, frequently appearing as test questions.<br /> Possible questions include drawing how a conductor or an insulator would be polarized when located near a positively or negatively charged object.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> <br /> == Reference ==<br /> http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Polarization<br /> https://www.polarization.com/history/history.html</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=6448 2015-12-01T20:38:09Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* Connectedness */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> <br /> As for PHYS 2212, polarization is one of the main topic covered in the course, frequently appearing as test questions.<br /> Possible questions include drawing how a conductor or an insulator would be polarized when located near a positively or negatively charged object.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> <br /> == Reference ==</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=6444 2015-12-01T20:37:50Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* Connectedness */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> Polarization is one of the main ideas in electricity and occurs whenever there is a charged object near another object.<br /> Real life applications includes when a balloon sticks to a wall after it is charged. Balloon causes the wall to polarized, and it is attracted to it in the air.<br /> As for PHYS 2212, polarization is one of the main topic covered in the course, frequently appearing as test questions.<br /> Possible questions include drawing how a conductor or an insulator would be polarized when located near a positively or negatively charged object.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> <br /> == Reference ==</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=6398 2015-12-01T20:19:24Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* The Main Idea */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> Electric polarization is the process of inducing an object to separate charges inside it. One portion of the object would be mostly positive charges and the other portion would be mostly negative. <br /> <br /> When an object is charged, either positively or negatively, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object initially does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization. The induced dipole will go back to being a neutral object. <br /> <br /> Structure of atom explains polarization. Protons in an atom are in the nucleus, and they are tightly bound. However, electrons located in the electron cloud of an atom are loosely bound compared to the protons. Therefore, the electrons can be induced to move to one side of the atom, and this phenomenon causes polarization of the atom, making it to be an induced dipole. <br /> <br /> Polarization for insulators occurs in a different manner from conductors. When a conductor is polarized, electrons move across the surface of one side of the conductor to the other side. Unlike conductors, in insulators, electrons are not able to freely move around. Thus, individual molecules in the insulators are polarized, but electrons move only small distance compared to the case in conductors, so the charges are not on the surface of the object. Excess charges on conductors can only exist on the surface, while they exist anywhere on or inside insulators.<br /> <br /> Polarization is a different idea from charging or discharging. While polarization causes a separation of charges in an object, it does not cause imbalance of charges, which forms a charged object. Polarization still maintains an equal number of protons and electrons in an object. Therefore charging is a different discussion from polarization.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> <br /> == Reference ==</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=5688 2015-12-01T06:33:50Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* The Main Idea */</p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> When an object is charged, either positive or negative, it is attracted to another object through polarization. Even if the net charge of the second object is zero, it would still be attracted to the first object. Although the neutral object does not make an electric field that attracts or repels the charged object, the charged object affects the neutral object to be an induced dipole. However, this dipole is not permanent. If the charged object is removed, there would be no electric field applied and no polarization.<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> <br /> == Reference ==</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=4646 2015-11-30T20:04:49Z

<p>Jkim3070: </p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> <br /> == See Also ==<br /> <br /> == Reference ==</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=4643 2015-11-30T20:02:56Z

<p>Jkim3070: </p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae<br /> <br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> <br /> == Reference ==</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=4641 2015-11-30T20:02:20Z

<p>Jkim3070: </p> <hr /> <div>Claimed by Jae Kim<br /> == The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> <br /> == Reference ==</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=4640 2015-11-30T20:01:34Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* The Main Idea */</p> <hr /> <div>== The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> == Examples ==<br /> <br /> == Connectedness ==<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> <br /> == Reference ==</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Electric_Polarization&diff=4538 2015-11-30T18:28:32Z

<p>Jkim3070: Created page with &quot;== The Main Idea == === Examples === ==== Connectedness ==== ===== History ===== ====== Reference ======&quot;</p> <hr /> <div>== The Main Idea ==<br /> <br /> === Examples ===<br /> <br /> ==== Connectedness ====<br /> <br /> ===== History =====<br /> <br /> ====== Reference ======</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=4526 2015-11-30T18:17:37Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* Interactions */</p> <hr /> <div>__NOTOC__<br /> Welcome to the Georgia Tech Wiki for Intro Physics. This resources was created so that students can contribute and curate content to help those with limited or no access to a textbook. When reading this website, please correct any errors you may come across. If you read something that isn't clear, please consider revising it!<br /> <br /> Looking to make a contribution?<br /> #Pick a specific topic from intro physics<br /> #Add that topic, as a link to a new page, under the appropriate category listed below by editing this page.<br /> #Copy and paste the default [[Template]] into your new page and start editing.<br /> <br /> Please remember that this is not a textbook and you are not limited to expressing your ideas with only text and equations. Whenever possible embed: pictures, videos, diagrams, simulations, computational models (e.g. Glowscript), and whatever content you think makes learning physics easier for other students.<br /> <br /> == Source Material ==<br /> All of the content added to this resource must be in the public domain or similar free resource. If you are unsure about a source, contact the original author for permission. That said, there is a surprisingly large amount of introductory physics content scattered across the web. Here is an incomplete list of intro physics resources (please update as needed).<br /> * A physics resource written by experts for an expert audience [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Physics Physics Portal]<br /> * A wiki book on modern physics [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_Physics Modern Physics Wiki]<br /> * The MIT open courseware for intro physics [http://ocw.mit.edu/resources/res-8-002-a-wikitextbook-for-introductory-mechanics-fall-2009/index.htm MITOCW Wiki]<br /> * An online concept map of intro physics [http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/hph.html HyperPhysics]<br /> * Interactive physics simulations [https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/category/physics PhET]<br /> * OpenStax algebra based intro physics textbook [https://openstaxcollege.org/textbooks/college-physics College Physics]<br /> * The Open Source Physics project is a collection of online physics resources [http://www.opensourcephysics.org/ OSP]<br /> * A resource guide compiled by the [http://www.aapt.org/ AAPT] for educators [http://www.compadre.org/ ComPADRE]<br /> <br /> == Organizing Categories ==<br /> These are the broad, overarching categories, that we cover in two semester of introductory physics. You can add subcategories or make a new category as needed. A single topic should direct readers to a page in one of these catagories.<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> ===Interactions===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> *[[Kinds of Matter]]<br /> *[[Detecting Interactions]]<br /> *[[Fundamental Interactions]] <br /> *[[System &amp; Surroundings]] <br /> *[[Newton's First Law of Motion]]<br /> *[[Newton's Second Law of Motion]]<br /> *[[Newton's Third Law of Motion]]<br /> *[[Gravitational Force]]<br /> *[[Terminal Velocity and Friction Due to Air]]<br /> *[[Simple Harmonic Motion]]<br /> *[[Speed and Velocity]]<br /> *[[Electric Polarization]]<br /> <br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Theory===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> *[[Einstein's Theory of Special Relativity]]<br /> *[[Quantum Theory]]<br /> *[[Big Bang Theory]]<br /> <br /> <br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Notable Scientists===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> *[[Albert Einstein]]<br /> *[[Ernest Rutherford]]<br /> *[[Joseph Henry]]<br /> *[[Michael Faraday]]<br /> *[[J.J. Thomson]]<br /> *[[James Maxwell]]<br /> *[[Robert Hooke]]<br /> *[[Marie Curie]]<br /> *[[Carl Friedrich Gauss]]<br /> *[[Nikola Tesla]]<br /> *[[Andre Marie Ampere]]<br /> *[[Sir Isaac Newton]]<br /> *[[J. Robert Oppenheimer]]<br /> *[[Oliver Heaviside]]<br /> *[[Rosalind Franklin]]<br /> *[[Erwin Schrödinger]]<br /> *[[Enrico Fermi]]<br /> *[[Robert J. Van de Graaff]]<br /> *[[Charles de Coulomb]]<br /> *[[Hans Christian Ørsted]]<br /> *[[Philo Farnsworth]]<br /> *[[Niels Bohr]]<br /> *[[Georg Ohm]]<br /> *[[Galileo Galilei]]<br /> *[[Gustav Kirchhoff]]<br /> *[[Max Planck]]<br /> *[[Heinrich Hertz]]<br /> *[[Edwin Hall]]<br /> *[[James Watt]]<br /> *[[Count Alessandro Volta]]<br /> *[[Josiah Willard Gibbs]]<br /> *[[Richard Phillips Feynman]]<br /> *[[Sir David Brewster]]<br /> *[[Daniel Bernoulli]]<br /> *[[William Thomson]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Properties of Matter===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> *[[Mass]]<br /> *[[Velocity]]<br /> *[[Relative Velocity]]<br /> *[[Density]]<br /> *[[Charge]]<br /> *[[Spin]]<br /> *[[SI Units]]<br /> *[[Heat Capacity]]<br /> *[[Specific Heat]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Contact Interactions===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> * [[Young's Modulus]]<br /> * [[Friction]]<br /> * [[Tension]]<br /> * [[Hooke's Law]]<br /> *[[Centripetal Force and Curving Motion]]<br /> *[[Compression or Normal Force]]<br /> * [[Length and Stiffness of an Interatomic Bond]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Momentum===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> * [[Vectors]]<br /> * [[Kinematics]]<br /> * [[Conservation of Momentum]]<br /> * [[Predicting Change in multiple dimensions]]<br /> * [[Momentum Principle]]<br /> * [[Impulse Momentum]]<br /> * [[Curving Motion]]<br /> * [[Multi-particle Analysis of Momentum]]<br /> * [[Iterative Prediction]]<br /> * [[Newton's Laws and Linear Momentum]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Angular Momentum===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> * [[The Moments of Inertia]]<br /> * [[Rotation]]<br /> * [[Torque]]<br /> *[[Systems with Zero Torque]]<br /> *[[Systems with Nonzero Torque]]<br /> * [[Right Hand Rule]]<br /> * [[Angular Velocity]]<br /> * [[Predicting a Change in Rotation]]<br /> * [[Conservation of Angular Momentum]]<br /> *[[Rotational Angular Momentum]]<br /> *[[Total Angular Momentum]]<br /> <br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Energy===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> *[[The Energy Principle]]<br /> *[[Predicting Change]]<br /> *[[Rest Mass Energy]]<br /> *[[Kinetic Energy]]<br /> *[[Potential Energy]]<br /> *[[Work]]<br /> *[[Thermal Energy]]<br /> *[[Conservation of Energy]]<br /> *[[Electric Potential]]<br /> *[[Energy Transfer due to a Temperature Difference]]<br /> *[[Gravitational Potential Energy]]<br /> *[[Point Particle Systems]]<br /> *[[Real Systems]]<br /> *[[Spring Potential Energy]]<br /> *[[Internal Energy]]<br /> *[[Translational, Rotational and Vibrational Energy]]<br /> *[[Franck-Hertz Experiment]]<br /> *[[Power]]<br /> *[[Energy Graphs]]<br /> *[[Air Resistance]]<br /> *[[Electronic Energy Levels]]<br /> *[[Second Law of Thermodynamics and Entropy]]<br /> *[[Specific Heat Capacity]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Collisions===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> *[[Collisions]]<br /> *[[Maximally Inelastic Collision]]<br /> *[[Elastic Collisions]]<br /> *[[Inelastic Collisions]]<br /> *[[Head-on Collision of Equal Masses]]<br /> *[[Head-on Collision of Unequal Masses]]<br /> *[[Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Fields===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> * [[Electric Field]] of a<br /> ** [[Point Charge]]<br /> ** [[Electric Dipole]]<br /> ** [[Capacitor]]<br /> ** [[Charged Rod]]<br /> ** [[Charged Ring]]<br /> ** [[Charged Disk]]<br /> ** [[Charged Spherical Shell]]<br /> ** [[Charged Cylinder]]<br /> **[[A Solid Sphere Charged Throughout Its Volume]]<br /> *[[Electric Potential]] <br /> **[[Potential Difference in a Uniform Field]]<br /> **[[Potential Difference of point charge in a non-Uniform Field]]<br /> **[[Sign of Potential Difference]]<br /> **[[Potential Difference in an Insulator]]<br /> *[[Electric Force]]<br /> *[[Polarization]]<br /> *[[Charge Motion in Metals]]<br /> *[[Magnetic Field]]<br /> **[[Right-Hand Rule]]<br /> **[[Direction of Magnetic Field]]<br /> **[[Magnetic Field of a Long Straight Wire]]<br /> **[[Magnetic Field of a Loop]]<br /> **[[Bar Magnet]]<br /> **[[Magnetic Force]]<br /> **[[Hall Effect]]<br /> **[[Lorentz Force]]<br /> **[[Biot-Savart Law]]<br /> **[[Biot-Savart Law for Currents]]<br /> **[[Integration Techniques for Magnetic Field]]<br /> **[[Sparks in Air]]<br /> **[[Motional Emf]]<br /> **[[Detecting a Magnetic Field]]<br /> **[[Moving Point Charge]]<br /> **[[Non-Coulomb Electric Field]]<br /> **[[Motors and Generators]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Simple Circuits===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> *[[Components]]<br /> *[[Steady State]]<br /> *[[Non Steady State]]<br /> *[[Node Rule]]<br /> *[[Loop Rule]]<br /> *[[Power in a circuit]]<br /> *[[Ammeters,Voltmeters,Ohmmeters]]<br /> *[[Current]]<br /> *[[Ohm's Law]]<br /> *[[Series Circuits]]<br /> *[[RC]]<br /> *[[Circular Loop of Wire]]<br /> *[[RL Circuit]]<br /> *[[LC Circuit]]<br /> *[[Surface Charge Distributions]]<br /> *[[Feedback]]<br /> *[[Transformers]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Maxwell's Equations===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> *[[Gauss's Flux Theorem]]<br /> **[[Electric Fields]]<br /> **[[Magnetic Fields]]<br /> *[[Ampere's Law]]<br /> **[[Magnetic Field of Coaxial Cable Using Ampere's Law]]<br /> *[[Faraday's Law]]<br /> **[[Curly Electric Fields]]<br /> **[[Inductance]]<br /> **[[Lenz's Law]]<br /> ***[[Lenz Effect and the Jumping Ring]]<br /> *[[Ampere-Maxwell Law]]<br /> **[[Superconducters]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Radiation===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> *[[Producing a Radiative Electric Field]]<br /> *[[Sinusoidal Electromagnetic Radiaton]]<br /> *[[Lenses]]<br /> *[[Energy and Momentum Analysis in Radiation]]<br /> *[[Electromagnetic Propagation]]<br /> *[[Snell's Law]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Sound===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> *[[Doppler Effect]]<br /> *[[Nature, Behavior, and Properties of Sound]]<br /> *[[Resonance]]<br /> *[[Sound Barrier]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> *[[blahb]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> == Resources ==<br /> * Commonly used wiki commands [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Cheatsheet Wiki Cheatsheet]<br /> * A guide to representing equations in math mode [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula Wiki Math Mode]<br /> * A page to keep track of all the physics [[Constants]]<br /> * An overview of [[VPython]]</div>

Jkim3070 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=4523 2015-11-30T18:12:48Z

<p>Jkim3070: /* Interactions */</p> <hr /> <div>__NOTOC__<br /> Welcome to the Georgia Tech Wiki for Intro Physics. This resources was created so that students can contribute and curate content to help those with limited or no access to a textbook. When reading this website, please correct any errors you may come across. If you read something that isn't clear, please consider revising it!<br /> <br /> Looking to make a contribution?<br /> #Pick a specific topic from intro physics<br /> #Add that topic, as a link to a new page, under the appropriate category listed below by editing this page.<br /> #Copy and paste the default [[Template]] into your new page and start editing.<br /> <br /> Please remember that this is not a textbook and you are not limited to expressing your ideas with only text and equations. Whenever possible embed: pictures, videos, diagrams, simulations, computational models (e.g. Glowscript), and whatever content you think makes learning physics easier for other students.<br /> <br /> == Source Material ==<br /> All of the content added to this resource must be in the public domain or similar free resource. If you are unsure about a source, contact the original author for permission. That said, there is a surprisingly large amount of introductory physics content scattered across the web. Here is an incomplete list of intro physics resources (please update as needed).<br /> * A physics resource written by experts for an expert audience [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Physics Physics Portal]<br /> * A wiki book on modern physics [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_Physics Modern Physics Wiki]<br /> * The MIT open courseware for intro physics [http://ocw.mit.edu/resources/res-8-002-a-wikitextbook-for-introductory-mechanics-fall-2009/index.htm MITOCW Wiki]<br /> * An online concept map of intro physics [http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/hph.html HyperPhysics]<br /> * Interactive physics simulations [https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/category/physics PhET]<br /> * OpenStax algebra based intro physics textbook [https://openstaxcollege.org/textbooks/college-physics College Physics]<br /> * The Open Source Physics project is a collection of online physics resources [http://www.opensourcephysics.org/ OSP]<br /> * A resource guide compiled by the [http://www.aapt.org/ AAPT] for educators [http://www.compadre.org/ ComPADRE]<br /> <br /> == Organizing Categories ==<br /> These are the broad, overarching categories, that we cover in two semester of introductory physics. You can add subcategories or make a new category as needed. A single topic should direct readers to a page in one of these catagories.<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> ===Interactions===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> *[[Kinds of Matter]]<br /> *[[Detecting Interactions]]<br /> *[[Fundamental Interactions]] <br /> *[[System &amp; Surroundings]] <br /> *[[Newton's First Law of Motion]]<br /> *[[Newton's Second Law of Motion]]<br /> *[[Newton's Third Law of Motion]]<br /> *[[Gravitational Force]]<br /> *[[Terminal Velocity and Friction Due to Air]]<br /> *[[Simple Harmonic Motion]]<br /> *[[Speed and Velocity]]<br /> *[[P]]<br /> <br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Theory===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> *[[Einstein's Theory of Special Relativity]]<br /> *[[Quantum Theory]]<br /> *[[Big Bang Theory]]<br /> <br /> <br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Notable Scientists===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> *[[Albert Einstein]]<br /> *[[Ernest Rutherford]]<br /> *[[Joseph Henry]]<br /> *[[Michael Faraday]]<br /> *[[J.J. Thomson]]<br /> *[[James Maxwell]]<br /> *[[Robert Hooke]]<br /> *[[Marie Curie]]<br /> *[[Carl Friedrich Gauss]]<br /> *[[Nikola Tesla]]<br /> *[[Andre Marie Ampere]]<br /> *[[Sir Isaac Newton]]<br /> *[[J. Robert Oppenheimer]]<br /> *[[Oliver Heaviside]]<br /> *[[Rosalind Franklin]]<br /> *[[Erwin Schrödinger]]<br /> *[[Enrico Fermi]]<br /> *[[Robert J. Van de Graaff]]<br /> *[[Charles de Coulomb]]<br /> *[[Hans Christian Ørsted]]<br /> *[[Philo Farnsworth]]<br /> *[[Niels Bohr]]<br /> *[[Georg Ohm]]<br /> *[[Galileo Galilei]]<br /> *[[Gustav Kirchhoff]]<br /> *[[Max Planck]]<br /> *[[Heinrich Hertz]]<br /> *[[Edwin Hall]]<br /> *[[James Watt]]<br /> *[[Count Alessandro Volta]]<br /> *[[Josiah Willard Gibbs]]<br /> *[[Richard Phillips Feynman]]<br /> *[[Sir David Brewster]]<br /> *[[Daniel Bernoulli]]<br /> *[[William Thomson]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Properties of Matter===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> *[[Mass]]<br /> *[[Velocity]]<br /> *[[Relative Velocity]]<br /> *[[Density]]<br /> *[[Charge]]<br /> *[[Spin]]<br /> *[[SI Units]]<br /> *[[Heat Capacity]]<br /> *[[Specific Heat]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Contact Interactions===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> * [[Young's Modulus]]<br /> * [[Friction]]<br /> * [[Tension]]<br /> * [[Hooke's Law]]<br /> *[[Centripetal Force and Curving Motion]]<br /> *[[Compression or Normal Force]]<br /> * [[Length and Stiffness of an Interatomic Bond]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Momentum===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> * [[Vectors]]<br /> * [[Kinematics]]<br /> * [[Conservation of Momentum]]<br /> * [[Predicting Change in multiple dimensions]]<br /> * [[Momentum Principle]]<br /> * [[Impulse Momentum]]<br /> * [[Curving Motion]]<br /> * [[Multi-particle Analysis of Momentum]]<br /> * [[Iterative Prediction]]<br /> * [[Newton's Laws and Linear Momentum]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Angular Momentum===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> * [[The Moments of Inertia]]<br /> * [[Rotation]]<br /> * [[Torque]]<br /> *[[Systems with Zero Torque]]<br /> *[[Systems with Nonzero Torque]]<br /> * [[Right Hand Rule]]<br /> * [[Angular Velocity]]<br /> * [[Predicting a Change in Rotation]]<br /> * [[Conservation of Angular Momentum]]<br /> *[[Rotational Angular Momentum]]<br /> *[[Total Angular Momentum]]<br /> <br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Energy===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> *[[The Energy Principle]]<br /> *[[Predicting Change]]<br /> *[[Rest Mass Energy]]<br /> *[[Kinetic Energy]]<br /> *[[Potential Energy]]<br /> *[[Work]]<br /> *[[Thermal Energy]]<br /> *[[Conservation of Energy]]<br /> *[[Electric Potential]]<br /> *[[Energy Transfer due to a Temperature Difference]]<br /> *[[Gravitational Potential Energy]]<br /> *[[Point Particle Systems]]<br /> *[[Real Systems]]<br /> *[[Spring Potential Energy]]<br /> *[[Internal Energy]]<br /> *[[Translational, Rotational and Vibrational Energy]]<br /> *[[Franck-Hertz Experiment]]<br /> *[[Power]]<br /> *[[Energy Graphs]]<br /> *[[Air Resistance]]<br /> *[[Electronic Energy Levels]]<br /> *[[Second Law of Thermodynamics and Entropy]]<br /> *[[Specific Heat Capacity]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Collisions===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> *[[Collisions]]<br /> *[[Maximally Inelastic Collision]]<br /> *[[Elastic Collisions]]<br /> *[[Inelastic Collisions]]<br /> *[[Head-on Collision of Equal Masses]]<br /> *[[Head-on Collision of Unequal Masses]]<br /> *[[Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Fields===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> * [[Electric Field]] of a<br /> ** [[Point Charge]]<br /> ** [[Electric Dipole]]<br /> ** [[Capacitor]]<br /> ** [[Charged Rod]]<br /> ** [[Charged Ring]]<br /> ** [[Charged Disk]]<br /> ** [[Charged Spherical Shell]]<br /> ** [[Charged Cylinder]]<br /> **[[A Solid Sphere Charged Throughout Its Volume]]<br /> *[[Electric Potential]] <br /> **[[Potential Difference in a Uniform Field]]<br /> **[[Potential Difference of point charge in a non-Uniform Field]]<br /> **[[Sign of Potential Difference]]<br /> **[[Potential Difference in an Insulator]]<br /> *[[Electric Force]]<br /> *[[Polarization]]<br /> *[[Charge Motion in Metals]]<br /> *[[Magnetic Field]]<br /> **[[Right-Hand Rule]]<br /> **[[Direction of Magnetic Field]]<br /> **[[Magnetic Field of a Long Straight Wire]]<br /> **[[Magnetic Field of a Loop]]<br /> **[[Bar Magnet]]<br /> **[[Magnetic Force]]<br /> **[[Hall Effect]]<br /> **[[Lorentz Force]]<br /> **[[Biot-Savart Law]]<br /> **[[Biot-Savart Law for Currents]]<br /> **[[Integration Techniques for Magnetic Field]]<br /> **[[Sparks in Air]]<br /> **[[Motional Emf]]<br /> **[[Detecting a Magnetic Field]]<br /> **[[Moving Point Charge]]<br /> **[[Non-Coulomb Electric Field]]<br /> **[[Motors and Generators]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Simple Circuits===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> *[[Components]]<br /> *[[Steady State]]<br /> *[[Non Steady State]]<br /> *[[Node Rule]]<br /> *[[Loop Rule]]<br /> *[[Power in a circuit]]<br /> *[[Ammeters,Voltmeters,Ohmmeters]]<br /> *[[Current]]<br /> *[[Ohm's Law]]<br /> *[[Series Circuits]]<br /> *[[RC]]<br /> *[[Circular Loop of Wire]]<br /> *[[RL Circuit]]<br /> *[[LC Circuit]]<br /> *[[Surface Charge Distributions]]<br /> *[[Feedback]]<br /> *[[Transformers]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Maxwell's Equations===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> *[[Gauss's Flux Theorem]]<br /> **[[Electric Fields]]<br /> **[[Magnetic Fields]]<br /> *[[Ampere's Law]]<br /> **[[Magnetic Field of Coaxial Cable Using Ampere's Law]]<br /> *[[Faraday's Law]]<br /> **[[Curly Electric Fields]]<br /> **[[Inductance]]<br /> **[[Lenz's Law]]<br /> ***[[Lenz Effect and the Jumping Ring]]<br /> *[[Ampere-Maxwell Law]]<br /> **[[Superconducters]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Radiation===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> *[[Producing a Radiative Electric Field]]<br /> *[[Sinusoidal Electromagnetic Radiaton]]<br /> *[[Lenses]]<br /> *[[Energy and Momentum Analysis in Radiation]]<br /> *[[Electromagnetic Propagation]]<br /> *[[Snell's Law]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Sound===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> *[[Doppler Effect]]<br /> *[[Nature, Behavior, and Properties of Sound]]<br /> *[[Resonance]]<br /> *[[Sound Barrier]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> *[[blahb]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> == Resources ==<br /> * Commonly used wiki commands [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Cheatsheet Wiki Cheatsheet]<br /> * A guide to representing equations in math mode [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula Wiki Math Mode]<br /> * A page to keep track of all the physics [[Constants]]<br /> * An overview of [[VPython]]</div>

Jkim3070