http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/api.php?action=feedcontributions&feedformat=atom&user=Ooshinowo3 2026-05-01T10:14:13Z User contributions MediaWiki 1.42.7 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Meissner_effect&diff=14721 2015-12-05T18:59:07Z

<p>Ooshinowo3: </p> <hr /> <div>==What is the Meissner Effect==<br /> <br /> The Meissner effect is the expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor during its transition to the superconducting state, discovered by German physicists Walther Meissner and Robert Ochsenfeld in 1933. They discovered it by measuring the magnetic field outside superconducting tin and lead.<br /> <br /> [[File:Meissner effect1.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]] <br /> <br /> ===What is diamagnetism?===<br /> Some materials tend to expel a magnetic field, materials that do this are called diamagnetic, but the effects of this diamagnetism are weak. For example, water and the human body are diamagnetic materials. Diamagnetism is a weak repulsion from a magnetic field. It is a form of magnetism that is only exhibited by a substance in the presence of an externally applied magnetic field. It results from changes in the orbital motion of electrons. Applying a magnetic field creates a magnetic force on a moving electron in the form of F = Qv × B. This force changes the centripetal force on the electron, causing it to either speed up or slow down in its orbital motion. This changed electron speed modifies the magnetic moment of the orbital in a direction opposing the external field. <br /> <br /> In superconducting material the Meissner effect creates currents which completely oppose the magnetic field applied by a magnet, in other words they will repel a magnet causing it to levitate. This consequently makes a superconductor in the Meissner state a perfect diamagnet. <br /> <br /> ==How does it Work?==<br /> <br /> A super conductor with little or no magnetic field within it is said to be in the Meissner state and breaks down when the magnetic field is too large<br /> A superconductor is fundamentally different from a conductor, because Faraday’s law of induction alone does not explain magnetic repulsion by a superconductor. At a temperature below its Critical Temperature, Tc, a superconductor will not allow any magnetic field to freely enter it. This is because microscopic magnetic dipoles are induced in the superconductor that oppose the applied field. This induced field then repels the source of the applied field, and will consequently repel the magnet associated with that field. [[File:Floating magnet.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]]This implies that if a magnet was placed on top of the superconductor when the superconductor was above its Critical Temperature, and then it was cooled down to below Tc, the superconductor would then exclude the magnetic field of the magnet. This means that a magnet already levitating above a superconductor does not demonstrate the Meissner effect, while a magnet that is initially stationary and then repelled by a superconductor as it is cooled through its critical temperature does.<br /> <br /> ==What did it lead to?==<br /> The theory of the Meissner effect led to the phenomenological theory of superconductivity by Frits London and Heinz London in 1935. This theory explained resistance less transport and the Meissner effect, and allowed the first theoretical predictions for superconductivity to be made as seen below.<br /> <br /> [[File:London Equations.png]]<br /> <br /> By using the London equations and Maxwell equations, one can predict how the magnetic field and surface current vary with distance from the surface of a superconductor.<br /> == See also ==<br /> Superconductors and magnetic flux<br /> <br /> ===Further reading===<br /> Albert Einstein (1922). &quot;Theoretical remark on the superconductivity of metals&quot;. arXiv:physics/0510251v2. Bibcode:2005physics..10251E.<br /> Fritz Wolfgang London (1950). &quot;Macroscopic Theory of Superconductivity&quot;. Superfluids. Structure of matter series 1. OCLC 257588418.. Revised 2nd edition, Dover (1960) ISBN 978-0-486-60044-4. By the man who explained the Meissner effect. pp. 34–37 gives a technical discussion of the Meissner effect for a superconducting sphere.<br /> <br /> ===External links===<br /> Vidoes to aid in the understanding of the concept.<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=44mVZdnR6Yc<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bnyB-PInFA4<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/solids/meis.html<br /> http://www.supraconductivite.fr/en/index.php?p=supra-levitation-meissner-more<br /> http://lrrpublic.cli.det.nsw.edu.au/lrrSecure/Sites/Web/physics_explorer/physics/lo/superc_12/superc_12_02.htm<br /> http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/webprojects2006/Truscott/paged_r.html<br /> http://www.imagesco.com/articles/superconductors/superconductor-meissner-efsfect.html<br /> <br /> See link to the right to read more on superconductors.<br /> [[http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/Superconductors]]</div>

Ooshinowo3 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Meissner_effect&diff=14717 2015-12-05T18:57:51Z

<p>Ooshinowo3: /* External links */</p> <hr /> <div>claimed by ooshinowo3<br /> <br /> ==What is the Meissner Effect==<br /> <br /> The Meissner effect is the expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor during its transition to the superconducting state, discovered by German physicists Walther Meissner and Robert Ochsenfeld in 1933. They discovered it by measuring the magnetic field outside superconducting tin and lead.<br /> <br /> [[File:Meissner effect1.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]] <br /> <br /> ===What is diamagnetism?===<br /> Some materials tend to expel a magnetic field, materials that do this are called diamagnetic, but the effects of this diamagnetism are weak. For example, water and the human body are diamagnetic materials. Diamagnetism is a weak repulsion from a magnetic field. It is a form of magnetism that is only exhibited by a substance in the presence of an externally applied magnetic field. It results from changes in the orbital motion of electrons. Applying a magnetic field creates a magnetic force on a moving electron in the form of F = Qv × B. This force changes the centripetal force on the electron, causing it to either speed up or slow down in its orbital motion. This changed electron speed modifies the magnetic moment of the orbital in a direction opposing the external field. <br /> <br /> In superconducting material the Meissner effect creates currents which completely oppose the magnetic field applied by a magnet, in other words they will repel a magnet causing it to levitate. This consequently makes a superconductor in the Meissner state a perfect diamagnet. <br /> <br /> ==How does it Work?==<br /> <br /> A super conductor with little or no magnetic field within it is said to be in the Meissner state and breaks down when the magnetic field is too large<br /> A superconductor is fundamentally different from a conductor, because Faraday’s law of induction alone does not explain magnetic repulsion by a superconductor. At a temperature below its Critical Temperature, Tc, a superconductor will not allow any magnetic field to freely enter it. This is because microscopic magnetic dipoles are induced in the superconductor that oppose the applied field. This induced field then repels the source of the applied field, and will consequently repel the magnet associated with that field. [[File:Floating magnet.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]]This implies that if a magnet was placed on top of the superconductor when the superconductor was above its Critical Temperature, and then it was cooled down to below Tc, the superconductor would then exclude the magnetic field of the magnet. This means that a magnet already levitating above a superconductor does not demonstrate the Meissner effect, while a magnet that is initially stationary and then repelled by a superconductor as it is cooled through its critical temperature does.<br /> <br /> ==What did it lead to?==<br /> The theory of the Meissner effect led to the phenomenological theory of superconductivity by Frits London and Heinz London in 1935. This theory explained resistance less transport and the Meissner effect, and allowed the first theoretical predictions for superconductivity to be made as seen below.<br /> <br /> [[File:London Equations.png]]<br /> <br /> By using the London equations and Maxwell equations, one can predict how the magnetic field and surface current vary with distance from the surface of a superconductor.<br /> == See also ==<br /> Superconductors and magnetic flux<br /> <br /> ===Further reading===<br /> Albert Einstein (1922). &quot;Theoretical remark on the superconductivity of metals&quot;. arXiv:physics/0510251v2. Bibcode:2005physics..10251E.<br /> Fritz Wolfgang London (1950). &quot;Macroscopic Theory of Superconductivity&quot;. Superfluids. Structure of matter series 1. OCLC 257588418.. Revised 2nd edition, Dover (1960) ISBN 978-0-486-60044-4. By the man who explained the Meissner effect. pp. 34–37 gives a technical discussion of the Meissner effect for a superconducting sphere.<br /> <br /> ===External links===<br /> Vidoes to aid in the understanding of the concept.<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=44mVZdnR6Yc<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bnyB-PInFA4<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/solids/meis.html<br /> http://www.supraconductivite.fr/en/index.php?p=supra-levitation-meissner-more<br /> http://lrrpublic.cli.det.nsw.edu.au/lrrSecure/Sites/Web/physics_explorer/physics/lo/superc_12/superc_12_02.htm<br /> http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/webprojects2006/Truscott/paged_r.html<br /> http://www.imagesco.com/articles/superconductors/superconductor-meissner-efsfect.html<br /> <br /> See link to the right to read more on superconductors.<br /> [[http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/Superconductors]]</div>

Ooshinowo3 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Meissner_effect&diff=14714 2015-12-05T18:57:32Z

<p>Ooshinowo3: </p> <hr /> <div>claimed by ooshinowo3<br /> <br /> ==What is the Meissner Effect==<br /> <br /> The Meissner effect is the expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor during its transition to the superconducting state, discovered by German physicists Walther Meissner and Robert Ochsenfeld in 1933. They discovered it by measuring the magnetic field outside superconducting tin and lead.<br /> <br /> [[File:Meissner effect1.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]] <br /> <br /> ===What is diamagnetism?===<br /> Some materials tend to expel a magnetic field, materials that do this are called diamagnetic, but the effects of this diamagnetism are weak. For example, water and the human body are diamagnetic materials. Diamagnetism is a weak repulsion from a magnetic field. It is a form of magnetism that is only exhibited by a substance in the presence of an externally applied magnetic field. It results from changes in the orbital motion of electrons. Applying a magnetic field creates a magnetic force on a moving electron in the form of F = Qv × B. This force changes the centripetal force on the electron, causing it to either speed up or slow down in its orbital motion. This changed electron speed modifies the magnetic moment of the orbital in a direction opposing the external field. <br /> <br /> In superconducting material the Meissner effect creates currents which completely oppose the magnetic field applied by a magnet, in other words they will repel a magnet causing it to levitate. This consequently makes a superconductor in the Meissner state a perfect diamagnet. <br /> <br /> ==How does it Work?==<br /> <br /> A super conductor with little or no magnetic field within it is said to be in the Meissner state and breaks down when the magnetic field is too large<br /> A superconductor is fundamentally different from a conductor, because Faraday’s law of induction alone does not explain magnetic repulsion by a superconductor. At a temperature below its Critical Temperature, Tc, a superconductor will not allow any magnetic field to freely enter it. This is because microscopic magnetic dipoles are induced in the superconductor that oppose the applied field. This induced field then repels the source of the applied field, and will consequently repel the magnet associated with that field. [[File:Floating magnet.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]]This implies that if a magnet was placed on top of the superconductor when the superconductor was above its Critical Temperature, and then it was cooled down to below Tc, the superconductor would then exclude the magnetic field of the magnet. This means that a magnet already levitating above a superconductor does not demonstrate the Meissner effect, while a magnet that is initially stationary and then repelled by a superconductor as it is cooled through its critical temperature does.<br /> <br /> ==What did it lead to?==<br /> The theory of the Meissner effect led to the phenomenological theory of superconductivity by Frits London and Heinz London in 1935. This theory explained resistance less transport and the Meissner effect, and allowed the first theoretical predictions for superconductivity to be made as seen below.<br /> <br /> [[File:London Equations.png]]<br /> <br /> By using the London equations and Maxwell equations, one can predict how the magnetic field and surface current vary with distance from the surface of a superconductor.<br /> == See also ==<br /> Superconductors and magnetic flux<br /> <br /> ===Further reading===<br /> Albert Einstein (1922). &quot;Theoretical remark on the superconductivity of metals&quot;. arXiv:physics/0510251v2. Bibcode:2005physics..10251E.<br /> Fritz Wolfgang London (1950). &quot;Macroscopic Theory of Superconductivity&quot;. Superfluids. Structure of matter series 1. OCLC 257588418.. Revised 2nd edition, Dover (1960) ISBN 978-0-486-60044-4. By the man who explained the Meissner effect. pp. 34–37 gives a technical discussion of the Meissner effect for a superconducting sphere.<br /> <br /> ===External links===<br /> Vidoes to aid in the understanding of the concept.<br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=44mVZdnR6Yc<br /> <br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bnyB-PInFA4<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/solids/meis.html<br /> http://www.supraconductivite.fr/en/index.php?p=supra-levitation-meissner-more<br /> http://lrrpublic.cli.det.nsw.edu.au/lrrSecure/Sites/Web/physics_explorer/physics/lo/superc_12/superc_12_02.htm<br /> http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/webprojects2006/Truscott/paged_r.html<br /> http://www.imagesco.com/articles/superconductors/superconductor-meissner-efsfect.html<br /> <br /> See link to the right to read more on superconductors.<br /> [[http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/Superconductors]]</div>

Ooshinowo3 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Meissner_effect&diff=14698 2015-12-05T18:53:53Z

<p>Ooshinowo3: /* References */</p> <hr /> <div>claimed by ooshinowo3<br /> <br /> ==What is the Meissner Effect==<br /> <br /> The Meissner effect is the expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor during its transition to the superconducting state, discovered by German physicists Walther Meissner and Robert Ochsenfeld in 1933. They discovered it by measuring the magnetic field outside superconducting tin and lead.<br /> <br /> [[File:Meissner effect1.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]] <br /> <br /> ===What is diamagnetism?===<br /> Some materials tend to expel a magnetic field, materials that do this are called diamagnetic, but the effects of this diamagnetism are weak. For example, water and the human body are diamagnetic materials. Diamagnetism is a weak repulsion from a magnetic field. It is a form of magnetism that is only exhibited by a substance in the presence of an externally applied magnetic field. It results from changes in the orbital motion of electrons. Applying a magnetic field creates a magnetic force on a moving electron in the form of F = Qv × B. This force changes the centripetal force on the electron, causing it to either speed up or slow down in its orbital motion. This changed electron speed modifies the magnetic moment of the orbital in a direction opposing the external field. <br /> <br /> In superconducting material the Meissner effect creates currents which completely oppose the magnetic field applied by a magnet, in other words they will repel a magnet causing it to levitate. This consequently makes a superconductor in the Meissner state a perfect diamagnet. <br /> <br /> ==How does it Work?==<br /> <br /> A super conductor with little or no magnetic field within it is said to be in the Meissner state and breaks down when the magnetic field is too large<br /> A superconductor is fundamentally different from a conductor, because Faraday’s law of induction alone does not explain magnetic repulsion by a superconductor. At a temperature below its Critical Temperature, Tc, a superconductor will not allow any magnetic field to freely enter it. This is because microscopic magnetic dipoles are induced in the superconductor that oppose the applied field. This induced field then repels the source of the applied field, and will consequently repel the magnet associated with that field. [[File:Floating magnet.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]]This implies that if a magnet was placed on top of the superconductor when the superconductor was above its Critical Temperature, and then it was cooled down to below Tc, the superconductor would then exclude the magnetic field of the magnet. This means that a magnet already levitating above a superconductor does not demonstrate the Meissner effect, while a magnet that is initially stationary and then repelled by a superconductor as it is cooled through its critical temperature does.<br /> <br /> ==What did it lead to?==<br /> The theory of the Meissner effect led to the phenomenological theory of superconductivity by Frits London and Heinz London in 1935. This theory explained resistance less transport and the Meissner effect, and allowed the first theoretical predictions for superconductivity to be made as seen below.<br /> <br /> [[File:London Equations.png]]<br /> <br /> By using the London equations and Maxwell equations, one can predict how the magnetic field and surface current vary with distance from the surface of a superconductor.<br /> == See also ==<br /> Superconductors and magnetic flux<br /> <br /> ===Further reading===<br /> Albert Einstein (1922). &quot;Theoretical remark on the superconductivity of metals&quot;. arXiv:physics/0510251v2. Bibcode:2005physics..10251E.<br /> Fritz Wolfgang London (1950). &quot;Macroscopic Theory of Superconductivity&quot;. Superfluids. Structure of matter series 1. OCLC 257588418.. Revised 2nd edition, Dover (1960) ISBN 978-0-486-60044-4. By the man who explained the Meissner effect. pp. 34–37 gives a technical discussion of the Meissner effect for a superconducting sphere.<br /> <br /> ===External links===<br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=44mVZdnR6Yc<br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bnyB-PInFA4<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/solids/meis.html<br /> http://www.supraconductivite.fr/en/index.php?p=supra-levitation-meissner-more<br /> http://lrrpublic.cli.det.nsw.edu.au/lrrSecure/Sites/Web/physics_explorer/physics/lo/superc_12/superc_12_02.htm<br /> http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/webprojects2006/Truscott/paged_r.html<br /> http://www.imagesco.com/articles/superconductors/superconductor-meissner-efsfect.html<br /> <br /> See link to the right to read more on superconductors.<br /> [[http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/Superconductors]]</div>

Ooshinowo3 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Meissner_effect&diff=14697 2015-12-05T18:53:37Z

<p>Ooshinowo3: /* References */</p> <hr /> <div>claimed by ooshinowo3<br /> <br /> ==What is the Meissner Effect==<br /> <br /> The Meissner effect is the expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor during its transition to the superconducting state, discovered by German physicists Walther Meissner and Robert Ochsenfeld in 1933. They discovered it by measuring the magnetic field outside superconducting tin and lead.<br /> <br /> [[File:Meissner effect1.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]] <br /> <br /> ===What is diamagnetism?===<br /> Some materials tend to expel a magnetic field, materials that do this are called diamagnetic, but the effects of this diamagnetism are weak. For example, water and the human body are diamagnetic materials. Diamagnetism is a weak repulsion from a magnetic field. It is a form of magnetism that is only exhibited by a substance in the presence of an externally applied magnetic field. It results from changes in the orbital motion of electrons. Applying a magnetic field creates a magnetic force on a moving electron in the form of F = Qv × B. This force changes the centripetal force on the electron, causing it to either speed up or slow down in its orbital motion. This changed electron speed modifies the magnetic moment of the orbital in a direction opposing the external field. <br /> <br /> In superconducting material the Meissner effect creates currents which completely oppose the magnetic field applied by a magnet, in other words they will repel a magnet causing it to levitate. This consequently makes a superconductor in the Meissner state a perfect diamagnet. <br /> <br /> ==How does it Work?==<br /> <br /> A super conductor with little or no magnetic field within it is said to be in the Meissner state and breaks down when the magnetic field is too large<br /> A superconductor is fundamentally different from a conductor, because Faraday’s law of induction alone does not explain magnetic repulsion by a superconductor. At a temperature below its Critical Temperature, Tc, a superconductor will not allow any magnetic field to freely enter it. This is because microscopic magnetic dipoles are induced in the superconductor that oppose the applied field. This induced field then repels the source of the applied field, and will consequently repel the magnet associated with that field. [[File:Floating magnet.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]]This implies that if a magnet was placed on top of the superconductor when the superconductor was above its Critical Temperature, and then it was cooled down to below Tc, the superconductor would then exclude the magnetic field of the magnet. This means that a magnet already levitating above a superconductor does not demonstrate the Meissner effect, while a magnet that is initially stationary and then repelled by a superconductor as it is cooled through its critical temperature does.<br /> <br /> ==What did it lead to?==<br /> The theory of the Meissner effect led to the phenomenological theory of superconductivity by Frits London and Heinz London in 1935. This theory explained resistance less transport and the Meissner effect, and allowed the first theoretical predictions for superconductivity to be made as seen below.<br /> <br /> [[File:London Equations.png]]<br /> <br /> By using the London equations and Maxwell equations, one can predict how the magnetic field and surface current vary with distance from the surface of a superconductor.<br /> == See also ==<br /> Superconductors and magnetic flux<br /> <br /> ===Further reading===<br /> Albert Einstein (1922). &quot;Theoretical remark on the superconductivity of metals&quot;. arXiv:physics/0510251v2. Bibcode:2005physics..10251E.<br /> Fritz Wolfgang London (1950). &quot;Macroscopic Theory of Superconductivity&quot;. Superfluids. Structure of matter series 1. OCLC 257588418.. Revised 2nd edition, Dover (1960) ISBN 978-0-486-60044-4. By the man who explained the Meissner effect. pp. 34–37 gives a technical discussion of the Meissner effect for a superconducting sphere.<br /> <br /> ===External links===<br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=44mVZdnR6Yc<br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bnyB-PInFA4<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/solids/meis.html<br /> http://www.supraconductivite.fr/en/index.php?p=supra-levitation-meissner-more<br /> http://lrrpublic.cli.det.nsw.edu.au/lrrSecure/Sites/Web/physics_explorer/physics/lo/superc_12/superc_12_02.htm<br /> http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/webprojects2006/Truscott/paged_r.html<br /> http://www.imagesco.com/articles/superconductors/superconductor-meissner-efsfect.html<br /> <br /> See link below to read more on superconductors.<br /> [[http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/Superconductors]]</div>

Ooshinowo3 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Meissner_effect&diff=14691 2015-12-05T18:52:52Z

<p>Ooshinowo3: /* References */</p> <hr /> <div>claimed by ooshinowo3<br /> <br /> ==What is the Meissner Effect==<br /> <br /> The Meissner effect is the expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor during its transition to the superconducting state, discovered by German physicists Walther Meissner and Robert Ochsenfeld in 1933. They discovered it by measuring the magnetic field outside superconducting tin and lead.<br /> <br /> [[File:Meissner effect1.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]] <br /> <br /> ===What is diamagnetism?===<br /> Some materials tend to expel a magnetic field, materials that do this are called diamagnetic, but the effects of this diamagnetism are weak. For example, water and the human body are diamagnetic materials. Diamagnetism is a weak repulsion from a magnetic field. It is a form of magnetism that is only exhibited by a substance in the presence of an externally applied magnetic field. It results from changes in the orbital motion of electrons. Applying a magnetic field creates a magnetic force on a moving electron in the form of F = Qv × B. This force changes the centripetal force on the electron, causing it to either speed up or slow down in its orbital motion. This changed electron speed modifies the magnetic moment of the orbital in a direction opposing the external field. <br /> <br /> In superconducting material the Meissner effect creates currents which completely oppose the magnetic field applied by a magnet, in other words they will repel a magnet causing it to levitate. This consequently makes a superconductor in the Meissner state a perfect diamagnet. <br /> <br /> ==How does it Work?==<br /> <br /> A super conductor with little or no magnetic field within it is said to be in the Meissner state and breaks down when the magnetic field is too large<br /> A superconductor is fundamentally different from a conductor, because Faraday’s law of induction alone does not explain magnetic repulsion by a superconductor. At a temperature below its Critical Temperature, Tc, a superconductor will not allow any magnetic field to freely enter it. This is because microscopic magnetic dipoles are induced in the superconductor that oppose the applied field. This induced field then repels the source of the applied field, and will consequently repel the magnet associated with that field. [[File:Floating magnet.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]]This implies that if a magnet was placed on top of the superconductor when the superconductor was above its Critical Temperature, and then it was cooled down to below Tc, the superconductor would then exclude the magnetic field of the magnet. This means that a magnet already levitating above a superconductor does not demonstrate the Meissner effect, while a magnet that is initially stationary and then repelled by a superconductor as it is cooled through its critical temperature does.<br /> <br /> ==What did it lead to?==<br /> The theory of the Meissner effect led to the phenomenological theory of superconductivity by Frits London and Heinz London in 1935. This theory explained resistance less transport and the Meissner effect, and allowed the first theoretical predictions for superconductivity to be made as seen below.<br /> <br /> [[File:London Equations.png]]<br /> <br /> By using the London equations and Maxwell equations, one can predict how the magnetic field and surface current vary with distance from the surface of a superconductor.<br /> == See also ==<br /> Superconductors and magnetic flux<br /> <br /> ===Further reading===<br /> Albert Einstein (1922). &quot;Theoretical remark on the superconductivity of metals&quot;. arXiv:physics/0510251v2. Bibcode:2005physics..10251E.<br /> Fritz Wolfgang London (1950). &quot;Macroscopic Theory of Superconductivity&quot;. Superfluids. Structure of matter series 1. OCLC 257588418.. Revised 2nd edition, Dover (1960) ISBN 978-0-486-60044-4. By the man who explained the Meissner effect. pp. 34–37 gives a technical discussion of the Meissner effect for a superconducting sphere.<br /> <br /> ===External links===<br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=44mVZdnR6Yc<br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bnyB-PInFA4<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/solids/meis.html<br /> http://www.supraconductivite.fr/en/index.php?p=supra-levitation-meissner-more<br /> http://lrrpublic.cli.det.nsw.edu.au/lrrSecure/Sites/Web/physics_explorer/physics/lo/superc_12/superc_12_02.htm<br /> http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/webprojects2006/Truscott/paged_r.html<br /> http://www.imagesco.com/articles/superconductors/superconductor-meissner-efsfect.html<br /> [[http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/Superconductors]]</div>

Ooshinowo3 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Meissner_effect&diff=14686 2015-12-05T18:50:55Z

<p>Ooshinowo3: /* History */</p> <hr /> <div>claimed by ooshinowo3<br /> <br /> ==What is the Meissner Effect==<br /> <br /> The Meissner effect is the expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor during its transition to the superconducting state, discovered by German physicists Walther Meissner and Robert Ochsenfeld in 1933. They discovered it by measuring the magnetic field outside superconducting tin and lead.<br /> <br /> [[File:Meissner effect1.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]] <br /> <br /> ===What is diamagnetism?===<br /> Some materials tend to expel a magnetic field, materials that do this are called diamagnetic, but the effects of this diamagnetism are weak. For example, water and the human body are diamagnetic materials. Diamagnetism is a weak repulsion from a magnetic field. It is a form of magnetism that is only exhibited by a substance in the presence of an externally applied magnetic field. It results from changes in the orbital motion of electrons. Applying a magnetic field creates a magnetic force on a moving electron in the form of F = Qv × B. This force changes the centripetal force on the electron, causing it to either speed up or slow down in its orbital motion. This changed electron speed modifies the magnetic moment of the orbital in a direction opposing the external field. <br /> <br /> In superconducting material the Meissner effect creates currents which completely oppose the magnetic field applied by a magnet, in other words they will repel a magnet causing it to levitate. This consequently makes a superconductor in the Meissner state a perfect diamagnet. <br /> <br /> ==How does it Work?==<br /> <br /> A super conductor with little or no magnetic field within it is said to be in the Meissner state and breaks down when the magnetic field is too large<br /> A superconductor is fundamentally different from a conductor, because Faraday’s law of induction alone does not explain magnetic repulsion by a superconductor. At a temperature below its Critical Temperature, Tc, a superconductor will not allow any magnetic field to freely enter it. This is because microscopic magnetic dipoles are induced in the superconductor that oppose the applied field. This induced field then repels the source of the applied field, and will consequently repel the magnet associated with that field. [[File:Floating magnet.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]]This implies that if a magnet was placed on top of the superconductor when the superconductor was above its Critical Temperature, and then it was cooled down to below Tc, the superconductor would then exclude the magnetic field of the magnet. This means that a magnet already levitating above a superconductor does not demonstrate the Meissner effect, while a magnet that is initially stationary and then repelled by a superconductor as it is cooled through its critical temperature does.<br /> <br /> ==What did it lead to?==<br /> The theory of the Meissner effect led to the phenomenological theory of superconductivity by Frits London and Heinz London in 1935. This theory explained resistance less transport and the Meissner effect, and allowed the first theoretical predictions for superconductivity to be made as seen below.<br /> <br /> [[File:London Equations.png]]<br /> <br /> By using the London equations and Maxwell equations, one can predict how the magnetic field and surface current vary with distance from the surface of a superconductor.<br /> == See also ==<br /> Superconductors and magnetic flux<br /> <br /> ===Further reading===<br /> Albert Einstein (1922). &quot;Theoretical remark on the superconductivity of metals&quot;. arXiv:physics/0510251v2. Bibcode:2005physics..10251E.<br /> Fritz Wolfgang London (1950). &quot;Macroscopic Theory of Superconductivity&quot;. Superfluids. Structure of matter series 1. OCLC 257588418.. Revised 2nd edition, Dover (1960) ISBN 978-0-486-60044-4. By the man who explained the Meissner effect. pp. 34–37 gives a technical discussion of the Meissner effect for a superconducting sphere.<br /> <br /> ===External links===<br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=44mVZdnR6Yc<br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bnyB-PInFA4<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/solids/meis.html<br /> http://www.supraconductivite.fr/en/index.php?p=supra-levitation-meissner-more<br /> http://lrrpublic.cli.det.nsw.edu.au/lrrSecure/Sites/Web/physics_explorer/physics/lo/superc_12/superc_12_02.htm<br /> http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/webprojects2006/Truscott/paged_r.html<br /> http://www.imagesco.com/articles/superconductors/superconductor-meissner-effect.html<br /> [[Maxwell's Equations]]</div>

Ooshinowo3 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Meissner_effect&diff=14684 2015-12-05T18:50:35Z

<p>Ooshinowo3: /* Further reading */</p> <hr /> <div>claimed by ooshinowo3<br /> <br /> ==What is the Meissner Effect==<br /> <br /> The Meissner effect is the expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor during its transition to the superconducting state, discovered by German physicists Walther Meissner and Robert Ochsenfeld in 1933. They discovered it by measuring the magnetic field outside superconducting tin and lead.<br /> <br /> [[File:Meissner effect1.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]] <br /> <br /> ===What is diamagnetism?===<br /> Some materials tend to expel a magnetic field, materials that do this are called diamagnetic, but the effects of this diamagnetism are weak. For example, water and the human body are diamagnetic materials. Diamagnetism is a weak repulsion from a magnetic field. It is a form of magnetism that is only exhibited by a substance in the presence of an externally applied magnetic field. It results from changes in the orbital motion of electrons. Applying a magnetic field creates a magnetic force on a moving electron in the form of F = Qv × B. This force changes the centripetal force on the electron, causing it to either speed up or slow down in its orbital motion. This changed electron speed modifies the magnetic moment of the orbital in a direction opposing the external field. <br /> <br /> In superconducting material the Meissner effect creates currents which completely oppose the magnetic field applied by a magnet, in other words they will repel a magnet causing it to levitate. This consequently makes a superconductor in the Meissner state a perfect diamagnet. <br /> <br /> ==How does it Work?==<br /> <br /> A super conductor with little or no magnetic field within it is said to be in the Meissner state and breaks down when the magnetic field is too large<br /> A superconductor is fundamentally different from a conductor, because Faraday’s law of induction alone does not explain magnetic repulsion by a superconductor. At a temperature below its Critical Temperature, Tc, a superconductor will not allow any magnetic field to freely enter it. This is because microscopic magnetic dipoles are induced in the superconductor that oppose the applied field. This induced field then repels the source of the applied field, and will consequently repel the magnet associated with that field. [[File:Floating magnet.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]]This implies that if a magnet was placed on top of the superconductor when the superconductor was above its Critical Temperature, and then it was cooled down to below Tc, the superconductor would then exclude the magnetic field of the magnet. This means that a magnet already levitating above a superconductor does not demonstrate the Meissner effect, while a magnet that is initially stationary and then repelled by a superconductor as it is cooled through its critical temperature does.<br /> <br /> ==What did it lead to?==<br /> The theory of the Meissner effect led to the phenomenological theory of superconductivity by Frits London and Heinz London in 1935. This theory explained resistance less transport and the Meissner effect, and allowed the first theoretical predictions for superconductivity to be made as seen below.<br /> <br /> [[File:London Equations.png]]<br /> <br /> By using the London equations and Maxwell equations, one can predict how the magnetic field and surface current vary with distance from the surface of a superconductor.<br /> ==History==<br /> <br /> Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> Superconductors and magnetic flux<br /> <br /> ===Further reading===<br /> Albert Einstein (1922). &quot;Theoretical remark on the superconductivity of metals&quot;. arXiv:physics/0510251v2. Bibcode:2005physics..10251E.<br /> Fritz Wolfgang London (1950). &quot;Macroscopic Theory of Superconductivity&quot;. Superfluids. Structure of matter series 1. OCLC 257588418.. Revised 2nd edition, Dover (1960) ISBN 978-0-486-60044-4. By the man who explained the Meissner effect. pp. 34–37 gives a technical discussion of the Meissner effect for a superconducting sphere.<br /> <br /> ===External links===<br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=44mVZdnR6Yc<br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bnyB-PInFA4<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/solids/meis.html<br /> http://www.supraconductivite.fr/en/index.php?p=supra-levitation-meissner-more<br /> http://lrrpublic.cli.det.nsw.edu.au/lrrSecure/Sites/Web/physics_explorer/physics/lo/superc_12/superc_12_02.htm<br /> http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/webprojects2006/Truscott/paged_r.html<br /> http://www.imagesco.com/articles/superconductors/superconductor-meissner-effect.html<br /> [[Maxwell's Equations]]</div>

Ooshinowo3 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Meissner_effect&diff=14682 2015-12-05T18:50:17Z

<p>Ooshinowo3: /* References */</p> <hr /> <div>claimed by ooshinowo3<br /> <br /> ==What is the Meissner Effect==<br /> <br /> The Meissner effect is the expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor during its transition to the superconducting state, discovered by German physicists Walther Meissner and Robert Ochsenfeld in 1933. They discovered it by measuring the magnetic field outside superconducting tin and lead.<br /> <br /> [[File:Meissner effect1.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]] <br /> <br /> ===What is diamagnetism?===<br /> Some materials tend to expel a magnetic field, materials that do this are called diamagnetic, but the effects of this diamagnetism are weak. For example, water and the human body are diamagnetic materials. Diamagnetism is a weak repulsion from a magnetic field. It is a form of magnetism that is only exhibited by a substance in the presence of an externally applied magnetic field. It results from changes in the orbital motion of electrons. Applying a magnetic field creates a magnetic force on a moving electron in the form of F = Qv × B. This force changes the centripetal force on the electron, causing it to either speed up or slow down in its orbital motion. This changed electron speed modifies the magnetic moment of the orbital in a direction opposing the external field. <br /> <br /> In superconducting material the Meissner effect creates currents which completely oppose the magnetic field applied by a magnet, in other words they will repel a magnet causing it to levitate. This consequently makes a superconductor in the Meissner state a perfect diamagnet. <br /> <br /> ==How does it Work?==<br /> <br /> A super conductor with little or no magnetic field within it is said to be in the Meissner state and breaks down when the magnetic field is too large<br /> A superconductor is fundamentally different from a conductor, because Faraday’s law of induction alone does not explain magnetic repulsion by a superconductor. At a temperature below its Critical Temperature, Tc, a superconductor will not allow any magnetic field to freely enter it. This is because microscopic magnetic dipoles are induced in the superconductor that oppose the applied field. This induced field then repels the source of the applied field, and will consequently repel the magnet associated with that field. [[File:Floating magnet.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]]This implies that if a magnet was placed on top of the superconductor when the superconductor was above its Critical Temperature, and then it was cooled down to below Tc, the superconductor would then exclude the magnetic field of the magnet. This means that a magnet already levitating above a superconductor does not demonstrate the Meissner effect, while a magnet that is initially stationary and then repelled by a superconductor as it is cooled through its critical temperature does.<br /> <br /> ==What did it lead to?==<br /> The theory of the Meissner effect led to the phenomenological theory of superconductivity by Frits London and Heinz London in 1935. This theory explained resistance less transport and the Meissner effect, and allowed the first theoretical predictions for superconductivity to be made as seen below.<br /> <br /> [[File:London Equations.png]]<br /> <br /> By using the London equations and Maxwell equations, one can predict how the magnetic field and surface current vary with distance from the surface of a superconductor.<br /> ==History==<br /> <br /> Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> Superconductors and magnetic flux<br /> <br /> ===Further reading===<br /> <br /> Books, Articles or other print media on this topic<br /> <br /> ===External links===<br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=44mVZdnR6Yc<br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bnyB-PInFA4<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/solids/meis.html<br /> http://www.supraconductivite.fr/en/index.php?p=supra-levitation-meissner-more<br /> http://lrrpublic.cli.det.nsw.edu.au/lrrSecure/Sites/Web/physics_explorer/physics/lo/superc_12/superc_12_02.htm<br /> http://www.chm.bris.ac.uk/webprojects2006/Truscott/paged_r.html<br /> http://www.imagesco.com/articles/superconductors/superconductor-meissner-effect.html<br /> [[Maxwell's Equations]]</div>

Ooshinowo3 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=File:Meissner_effect1.png&diff=14672 2015-12-05T18:47:17Z

<p>Ooshinowo3: </p> <hr /> <div>magnetic field is repelled when a superconductor is under the Meissener effect. Meaning that when the superconductor is below the critical Temperature, it will repel the magnetic field allowing for levitation</div>

Ooshinowo3 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Meissner_effect&diff=14665 2015-12-05T18:45:30Z

<p>Ooshinowo3: /* References */</p> <hr /> <div>claimed by ooshinowo3<br /> <br /> ==What is the Meissner Effect==<br /> <br /> The Meissner effect is the expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor during its transition to the superconducting state, discovered by German physicists Walther Meissner and Robert Ochsenfeld in 1933. They discovered it by measuring the magnetic field outside superconducting tin and lead.<br /> <br /> [[File:Meissner effect1.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]] <br /> <br /> ===What is diamagnetism?===<br /> Some materials tend to expel a magnetic field, materials that do this are called diamagnetic, but the effects of this diamagnetism are weak. For example, water and the human body are diamagnetic materials. Diamagnetism is a weak repulsion from a magnetic field. It is a form of magnetism that is only exhibited by a substance in the presence of an externally applied magnetic field. It results from changes in the orbital motion of electrons. Applying a magnetic field creates a magnetic force on a moving electron in the form of F = Qv × B. This force changes the centripetal force on the electron, causing it to either speed up or slow down in its orbital motion. This changed electron speed modifies the magnetic moment of the orbital in a direction opposing the external field. <br /> <br /> In superconducting material the Meissner effect creates currents which completely oppose the magnetic field applied by a magnet, in other words they will repel a magnet causing it to levitate. This consequently makes a superconductor in the Meissner state a perfect diamagnet. <br /> <br /> ==How does it Work?==<br /> <br /> A super conductor with little or no magnetic field within it is said to be in the Meissner state and breaks down when the magnetic field is too large<br /> A superconductor is fundamentally different from a conductor, because Faraday’s law of induction alone does not explain magnetic repulsion by a superconductor. At a temperature below its Critical Temperature, Tc, a superconductor will not allow any magnetic field to freely enter it. This is because microscopic magnetic dipoles are induced in the superconductor that oppose the applied field. This induced field then repels the source of the applied field, and will consequently repel the magnet associated with that field. [[File:Floating magnet.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]]This implies that if a magnet was placed on top of the superconductor when the superconductor was above its Critical Temperature, and then it was cooled down to below Tc, the superconductor would then exclude the magnetic field of the magnet. This means that a magnet already levitating above a superconductor does not demonstrate the Meissner effect, while a magnet that is initially stationary and then repelled by a superconductor as it is cooled through its critical temperature does.<br /> <br /> ==What did it lead to?==<br /> The theory of the Meissner effect led to the phenomenological theory of superconductivity by Frits London and Heinz London in 1935. This theory explained resistance less transport and the Meissner effect, and allowed the first theoretical predictions for superconductivity to be made as seen below.<br /> <br /> [[File:London Equations.png]]<br /> <br /> By using the London equations and Maxwell equations, one can predict how the magnetic field and surface current vary with distance from the surface of a superconductor.<br /> ==History==<br /> <br /> Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> Superconductors and magnetic flux<br /> <br /> ===Further reading===<br /> <br /> Books, Articles or other print media on this topic<br /> <br /> ===External links===<br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=44mVZdnR6Yc<br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bnyB-PInFA4<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/solids/meis.html<br /> http://www.supraconductivite.fr/en/index.php?p=supra-levitation-meissner-more<br /> http://lrrpublic.cli.det.nsw.edu.au/lrrSecure/Sites/Web/physics_explorer/physics/lo/superc_12/superc_12_02.htm<br /> [[Maxwell's Equations]]</div>

Ooshinowo3 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Meissner_effect&diff=5958 2015-12-01T17:23:37Z

<p>Ooshinowo3: </p> <hr /> <div>claimed by ooshinowo3<br /> <br /> ==What is the Meissner Effect==<br /> <br /> The Meissner effect is the expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor during its transition to the superconducting state, discovered by German physicists Walther Meissner and Robert Ochsenfeld in 1933. They discovered it by measuring the magnetic field outside superconducting tin and lead.<br /> <br /> [[File:Meissner effect1.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]] <br /> <br /> ===What is diamagnetism?===<br /> Some materials tend to expel a magnetic field, materials that do this are called diamagnetic, but the effects of this diamagnetism are weak. For example, water and the human body are diamagnetic materials. Diamagnetism is a weak repulsion from a magnetic field. It is a form of magnetism that is only exhibited by a substance in the presence of an externally applied magnetic field. It results from changes in the orbital motion of electrons. Applying a magnetic field creates a magnetic force on a moving electron in the form of F = Qv × B. This force changes the centripetal force on the electron, causing it to either speed up or slow down in its orbital motion. This changed electron speed modifies the magnetic moment of the orbital in a direction opposing the external field. <br /> <br /> In superconducting material the Meissner effect creates currents which completely oppose the magnetic field applied by a magnet, in other words they will repel a magnet causing it to levitate. This consequently makes a superconductor in the Meissner state a perfect diamagnet. <br /> <br /> ==How does it Work?==<br /> <br /> A super conductor with little or no magnetic field within it is said to be in the Meissner state and breaks down when the magnetic field is too large<br /> A superconductor is fundamentally different from a conductor, because Faraday’s law of induction alone does not explain magnetic repulsion by a superconductor. At a temperature below its Critical Temperature, Tc, a superconductor will not allow any magnetic field to freely enter it. This is because microscopic magnetic dipoles are induced in the superconductor that oppose the applied field. This induced field then repels the source of the applied field, and will consequently repel the magnet associated with that field. [[File:Floating magnet.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]]This implies that if a magnet was placed on top of the superconductor when the superconductor was above its Critical Temperature, and then it was cooled down to below Tc, the superconductor would then exclude the magnetic field of the magnet. This means that a magnet already levitating above a superconductor does not demonstrate the Meissner effect, while a magnet that is initially stationary and then repelled by a superconductor as it is cooled through its critical temperature does.<br /> <br /> ==What did it lead to?==<br /> The theory of the Meissner effect led to the phenomenological theory of superconductivity by Frits London and Heinz London in 1935. This theory explained resistance less transport and the Meissner effect, and allowed the first theoretical predictions for superconductivity to be made as seen below.<br /> <br /> [[File:London Equations.png]]<br /> <br /> By using the London equations and Maxwell equations, one can predict how the magnetic field and surface current vary with distance from the surface of a superconductor.<br /> ==History==<br /> <br /> Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> Superconductors and magnetic flux<br /> <br /> ===Further reading===<br /> <br /> Books, Articles or other print media on this topic<br /> <br /> ===External links===<br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=44mVZdnR6Yc<br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bnyB-PInFA4<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br /> <br /> [[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>

Ooshinowo3 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Meissner_effect&diff=5953 2015-12-01T17:18:12Z

<p>Ooshinowo3: </p> <hr /> <div>claimed by ooshinowo3<br /> <br /> ==What is the Meissner Effect==<br /> <br /> The Meissner effect is the expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor during its transition to the superconducting state, discovered by German physicists Walther Meissner and Robert Ochsenfeld in 1933. They discovered it by measuring the magnetic field outside superconducting tin and lead.<br /> <br /> [[File:Meissner effect1.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]] <br /> <br /> ===What is diamagnetism?===<br /> Some materials tend to expel a magnetic field, materials that do this are called diamagnetic, but the effects of this diamagnetism are weak. For example, water and the human body are diamagnetic materials. Diamagnetism is a weak repulsion from a magnetic field. It is a form of magnetism that is only exhibited by a substance in the presence of an externally applied magnetic field. It results from changes in the orbital motion of electrons. Applying a magnetic field creates a magnetic force on a moving electron in the form of F = Qv × B. This force changes the centripetal force on the electron, causing it to either speed up or slow down in its orbital motion. This changed electron speed modifies the magnetic moment of the orbital in a direction opposing the external field. <br /> <br /> In superconducting material the Meissner effect creates currents which completely oppose the magnetic field applied by a magnet, in other words they will repel a magnet causing it to levitate. This consequently makes a superconductor in the Meissner state a perfect diamagnet. <br /> <br /> ==How does it Work?==<br /> <br /> A super conductor with little or no magnetic field within it is said to be in the Meissner state and breaks down when the magnetic field is too large<br /> A superconductor is fundamentally different from a conductor, because Faraday’s law of induction alone does not explain magnetic repulsion by a superconductor. At a temperature below its Critical Temperature, Tc, a superconductor will not allow any magnetic field to freely enter it. This is because microscopic magnetic dipoles are induced in the superconductor that oppose the applied field. This induced field then repels the source of the applied field, and will consequently repel the magnet associated with that field. [[File:Floating magnet.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]]This implies that if a magnet was placed on top of the superconductor when the superconductor was above its Critical Temperature, and then it was cooled down to below Tc, the superconductor would then exclude the magnetic field of the magnet. This means that a magnet already levitating above a superconductor does not demonstrate the Meissner effect, while a magnet that is initially stationary and then repelled by a superconductor as it is cooled through its critical temperature does.<br /> <br /> ==What did it lead to?==<br /> The theory of the Meissner effect led to the phenomenological theory of superconductivity by Frits London and Heinz London in 1935. This theory explained resistance less transport and the Meissner effect, and allowed the first theoretical predictions for superconductivity to be made as seen below.<br /> <br /> [[File:London Equations.png]]<br /> <br /> By using the London equation, one can obtain the dependence of the magnetic field inside the superconductor on the distance to the surface.<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> <br /> Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> Superconductors and magnetic flux<br /> <br /> ===Further reading===<br /> <br /> Books, Articles or other print media on this topic<br /> <br /> ===External links===<br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=44mVZdnR6Yc<br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bnyB-PInFA4<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br /> <br /> [[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>

Ooshinowo3 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Meissner_effect&diff=5947 2015-12-01T17:11:24Z

<p>Ooshinowo3: </p> <hr /> <div>claimed by ooshinowo3<br /> <br /> ==What is the Meissner Effect==<br /> <br /> The Meissner effect is the expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor during its transition to the superconducting state, discovered by German physicists Walther Meissner and Robert Ochsenfeld in 1933. They discovered it by measuring the magnetic field outside superconducting tin and lead.<br /> <br /> [[File:Meissner effect1.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]] <br /> <br /> ===What is diamagnetism?===<br /> Some materials tend to expel a magnetic field, materials that do this are called diamagnetic, but the effects of this diamagnetism are weak. For example, water and the human body are diamagnetic materials. Diamagnetism is a weak repulsion from a magnetic field. It is a form of magnetism that is only exhibited by a substance in the presence of an externally applied magnetic field. It results from changes in the orbital motion of electrons. Applying a magnetic field creates a magnetic force on a moving electron in the form of F = Qv × B. This force changes the centripetal force on the electron, causing it to either speed up or slow down in its orbital motion. This changed electron speed modifies the magnetic moment of the orbital in a direction opposing the external field. <br /> <br /> In superconducting material the Meissner effect creates currents which completely oppose the magnetic field applied by a magnet, in other words they will repel a magnet causing it to levitate. This consequently makes a superconductor in the Meissner state a perfect diamagnet. <br /> <br /> ==How does it Work?==<br /> <br /> A super conductor with little or no magnetic field within it is said to be in the Meissner state and breaks down when the magnetic field is too large<br /> A superconductor is fundamentally different from a conductor, because Faraday’s law of induction alone does not explain magnetic repulsion by a superconductor. At a temperature below its Critical Temperature, Tc, a superconductor will not allow any magnetic field to freely enter it. This is because microscopic magnetic dipoles are induced in the superconductor that oppose the applied field. This induced field then repels the source of the applied field, and will consequently repel the magnet associated with that field. [[File:Floating magnet.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]]This implies that if a magnet was placed on top of the superconductor when the superconductor was above its Critical Temperature, and then it was cooled down to below Tc, the superconductor would then exclude the magnetic field of the magnet. This means that a magnet already levitating above a superconductor does not demonstrate the Meissner effect, while a magnet that is initially stationary and then repelled by a superconductor as it is cooled through its critical temperature does.<br /> <br /> ==What did it lead to?==<br /> The theory of the Meissner effect led to the phenomenological theory of superconductivity by Frits London and Heinz London in 1935. This theory explained resistance less transport and the Meissner effect, and allowed the first theoretical predictions for superconductivity to be made as seen below.<br /> <br /> [[File:London Equations.png]]<br /> <br /> By using the London equation, one can obtain the dependence of the magnetic field inside the superconductor on the distance to the surface.<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> <br /> Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> Superconductors and magnetic flux<br /> <br /> ===Further reading===<br /> <br /> Books, Articles or other print media on this topic<br /> <br /> ===External links===<br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=44mVZdnR6Yc<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br /> <br /> [[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>

Ooshinowo3 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Meissner_effect&diff=5943 2015-12-01T17:06:46Z

<p>Ooshinowo3: </p> <hr /> <div>claimed by ooshinowo3<br /> <br /> ==What is the Meissner Effect==<br /> <br /> The Meissner effect is the expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor during its transition to the superconducting state, discovered by German physicists Walther Meissner and Robert Ochsenfeld in 1933. They discovered it by measuring the magnetic field outside superconducting tin and lead.<br /> <br /> [[File:Meissner effect1.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]] <br /> <br /> Some materials tend to expel a magnetic field, materials that do this are called diamagnetic, but the effects of this diamagnetism are weak. For example, water and the human body are diamagnetic materials. <br /> <br /> In superconducting material the Meissner effect creates currents which completely oppose the magnetic field applied by a magnet, in other words they will repel a magnet. This consequently makes a superconductor in the Meissner state a perfect diamagnet. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===A Mathematical Model===<br /> <br /> What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example &lt;math&gt;{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}&lt;/math&gt; where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.<br /> <br /> ===A Computational Model===<br /> <br /> How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]<br /> <br /> ==How does it Work?==<br /> <br /> A super conductor with little or no magnetic field within it is said to be in the Meissner state and breaks down when the magnetic field is too large<br /> A superconductor is fundamentally different from a conductor, because Faraday’s law of induction alone does not explain magnetic repulsion by a superconductor. At a temperature below its Critical Temperature, Tc, a superconductor will not allow any magnetic field to freely enter it. This is because microscopic magnetic dipoles are induced in the superconductor that oppose the applied field. This induced field then repels the source of the applied field, and will consequently repel the magnet associated with that field. [[File:Floating magnet.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]]This implies that if a magnet was placed on top of the superconductor when the superconductor was above its Critical Temperature, and then it was cooled down to below Tc, the superconductor would then exclude the magnetic field of the magnet. This means that a magnet already levitating above a superconductor does not demonstrate the Meissner effect, while a magnet that is initially stationary and then repelled by a superconductor as it is cooled through its critical temperature does.<br /> <br /> ==What did it lead to?==<br /> The theory of the Meissner effect led to the phenomenological theory of superconductivity by Frits London and Heinz London in 1935. This theory explained resistance less transport and the Meissner effect, and allowed the first theoretical predictions for superconductivity to be made as seen below.<br /> <br /> [[File:London Equations.png]]<br /> <br /> By using the London equation, one can obtain the dependence of the magnetic field inside the superconductor on the distance to the surface.<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> <br /> Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> Superconductors and magnetic flux<br /> <br /> ===Further reading===<br /> <br /> Books, Articles or other print media on this topic<br /> <br /> ===External links===<br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=44mVZdnR6Yc<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br /> <br /> [[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>

Ooshinowo3 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Meissner_effect&diff=5546 2015-12-01T04:05:40Z

<p>Ooshinowo3: </p> <hr /> <div>claimed by ooshinowo3<br /> <br /> ==What is the Meissner Effect==<br /> <br /> The Meissner effect is the expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor during its transition to the superconducting state, discovered by German physicists Walther Meissner and Robert Ochsenfeld in 1933. They discovered it by measuring the magnetic field outside superconducting tin and lead.<br /> <br /> [[File:Meissner effect1.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]] <br /> <br /> Some materials tend to expel a magnetic field, materials that do this are called diamagnetic, but the effects of this diamagnetism are weak. For example, water and the human body are diamagnetic materials. <br /> <br /> In superconducting material the Meissner effect creates currents which completely oppose the magnetic field applied by a magnet, in other words they will repel a magnet. This consequently makes a superconductor in the Meissner state a perfect diamagnet. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===A Mathematical Model===<br /> <br /> What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example &lt;math&gt;{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}&lt;/math&gt; where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.<br /> <br /> ===A Computational Model===<br /> <br /> How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]<br /> <br /> ==How does it Work?==<br /> <br /> A super conductor with little or no magnetic field within it is said to be in the Meissner state and breaks down when the magnetic field is too large<br /> A superconductor is fundamentally different from a conductor, because Faraday’s law of induction alone does not explain magnetic repulsion by a superconductor. At a temperature below its Critical Temperature, Tc, a superconductor will not allow any magnetic field to freely enter it. This is because microscopic magnetic dipoles are induced in the superconductor that oppose the applied field. This induced field then repels the source of the applied field, and will consequently repel the magnet associated with that field. [[File:Floating magnet.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]]This implies that if a magnet was placed on top of the superconductor when the superconductor was above its Critical Temperature, and then it was cooled down to below Tc, the superconductor would then exclude the magnetic field of the magnet. This means that a magnet already levitating above a superconductor does not demonstrate the Meissner effect, while a magnet that is initially stationary and then repelled by a superconductor as it is cooled through its critical temperature does.<br /> <br /> ==What did it lead to?==<br /> The theory of the Meissner effect led to the phenomenological theory of superconductivity by Frits London and Heinz London in 1935. This theory explained resistance less transport and the Meissner effect, and allowed the first theoretical predictions for superconductivity to be made as seen below.<br /> [[File:London Equations.png]]<br /> <br /> By using the London equation, one can obtain the dependence of the magnetic field inside the superconductor on the distance to the surface.<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> <br /> Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> Superconductors and magnetic flux<br /> <br /> ===Further reading===<br /> <br /> Books, Articles or other print media on this topic<br /> <br /> ===External links===<br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=44mVZdnR6Yc<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br /> <br /> [[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>

Ooshinowo3 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Meissner_effect&diff=5543 2015-12-01T04:00:00Z

<p>Ooshinowo3: </p> <hr /> <div>claimed by ooshinowo3<br /> <br /> ==What is the Meissner Effect==<br /> <br /> The Meissner effect is the expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor during its transition to the superconducting state, discovered by German physicists Walther Meissner and Robert Ochsenfeld in 1933. They discovered it by measuring the magnetic field outside superconducting tin and lead.<br /> <br /> [[File:Meissner effect1.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]] <br /> <br /> Some materials tend to expel a magnetic field, materials that do this are called diamagnetic, but the effects of this diamagnetism are weak. For example, water and the human body are diamagnetic materials. <br /> <br /> In superconducting material the Meissner effect creates currents which completely oppose the magnetic field applied by a magnet, in other words they will repel a magnet. This consequently makes a superconductor in the Meissner state a perfect diamagnet. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===A Mathematical Model===<br /> <br /> What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example &lt;math&gt;{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}&lt;/math&gt; where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.<br /> <br /> ===A Computational Model===<br /> <br /> How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]<br /> <br /> ==How does it Work?==<br /> <br /> A super conductor with little or no magnetic field within it is said to be in the Meissner state and breaks down when the magnetic field is too large<br /> A superconductor is fundamentally different from a conductor, because Faraday’s law of induction alone does not explain magnetic repulsion by a superconductor. At a temperature below its Critical Temperature, Tc, a superconductor will not allow any magnetic field to freely enter it. This is because microscopic magnetic dipoles are induced in the superconductor that oppose the applied field. This induced field then repels the source of the applied field, and will consequently repel the magnet associated with that field. [[File:Floating magnet.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]]This implies that if a magnet was placed on top of the superconductor when the superconductor was above its Critical Temperature, and then it was cooled down to below Tc, the superconductor would then exclude the magnetic field of the magnet. This means that a magnet already levitating above a superconductor does not demonstrate the Meissner effect, while a magnet that is initially stationary and then repelled by a superconductor as it is cooled through its critical temperature does.<br /> <br /> ==What did it lead to?==<br /> The theory of the Meissner effect led to the phenomenological theory of superconductivity by Frits London and Heinz London in 1935. This theory explained resistance less transport and the Meissner effect, and allowed the first theoretical predictions for superconductivity to be made as seen below.<br /> [[File:London Equations.png]]<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> <br /> Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> Superconductors and magnetic flux<br /> <br /> ===Further reading===<br /> <br /> Books, Articles or other print media on this topic<br /> <br /> ===External links===<br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=44mVZdnR6Yc<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br /> <br /> [[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>

Ooshinowo3 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Meissner_effect&diff=5542 2015-12-01T03:59:21Z

<p>Ooshinowo3: </p> <hr /> <div>claimed by ooshinowo3<br /> <br /> ==What is the Meissner Effect==<br /> <br /> The Meissner effect is the expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor during its transition to the superconducting state, discovered by German physicists Walther Meissner and Robert Ochsenfeld in 1933. They discovered it by measuring the magnetic field outside superconducting tin and lead.<br /> <br /> [[File:Meissner effect1.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]] <br /> <br /> Some materials tend to expel a magnetic field, materials that do this are called diamagnetic, but the effects of this diamagnetism are weak. For example, water and the human body are diamagnetic materials. <br /> <br /> In superconducting material the Meissner effect creates currents which completely oppose the magnetic field applied by a magnet, in other words they will repel a magnet. This consequently makes a superconductor in the Meissner state a perfect diamagnet. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===A Mathematical Model===<br /> <br /> What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example &lt;math&gt;{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}&lt;/math&gt; where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.<br /> <br /> ===A Computational Model===<br /> <br /> How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]<br /> <br /> ==How does it Work?==<br /> <br /> A super conductor with little or no magnetic field within it is said to be in the Meissner state and breaks down when the magnetic field is too large<br /> A superconductor is fundamentally different from a conductor, because Faraday’s law of induction alone does not explain magnetic repulsion by a superconductor. At a temperature below its Critical Temperature, Tc, a superconductor will not allow any magnetic field to freely enter it. This is because microscopic magnetic dipoles are induced in the superconductor that oppose the applied field. This induced field then repels the source of the applied field, and will consequently repel the magnet associated with that field. [[File:Floating magnet.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]]This implies that if a magnet was placed on top of the superconductor when the superconductor was above its Critical Temperature, and then it was cooled down to below Tc, the superconductor would then exclude the magnetic field of the magnet. This means that a magnet already levitating above a superconductor does not demonstrate the Meissner effect, while a magnet that is initially stationary and then repelled by a superconductor as it is cooled through its critical temperature does.<br /> <br /> ==What did it lead to?==<br /> The theory of the Meissner effect led to the phenomenological theory of superconductivity by Frits London and Heinz London in 1935. This theory explained resistance less transport and the Meissner effect, and allowed the first theoretical predictions for superconductivity to be made as seen below.<br /> [[File:London equations.png]]<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> <br /> Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> Superconductors and magnetic flux<br /> <br /> ===Further reading===<br /> <br /> Books, Articles or other print media on this topic<br /> <br /> ===External links===<br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=44mVZdnR6Yc<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br /> <br /> [[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>

Ooshinowo3 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Meissner_effect&diff=5538 2015-12-01T03:56:36Z

<p>Ooshinowo3: </p> <hr /> <div>claimed by ooshinowo3<br /> <br /> ==What is the Meissner Effect==<br /> <br /> The Meissner effect is the expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor during its transition to the superconducting state, discovered by German physicists Walther Meissner and Robert Ochsenfeld in 1933. [[File:Meissner effect1.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]] They discovered it by measuring the magnetic field outside superconducting tin and lead.<br /> <br /> [[File:Meissner effect1.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]] <br /> <br /> Some materials tend to expel a magnetic field, materials that do this are called diamagnetic, but the effects of this diamagnetism are weak. For example, water and the human body are diamagnetic materials. <br /> <br /> In superconducting material the Meissner effect creates currents which completely oppose the magnetic field applied by a magnet, in other words they will repel a magnet. This consequently makes a superconductor in the Meissner state a perfect diamagnet. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===A Mathematical Model===<br /> <br /> What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example &lt;math&gt;{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}&lt;/math&gt; where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.<br /> <br /> ===A Computational Model===<br /> <br /> How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]<br /> <br /> ==How does it Work?==<br /> <br /> A super conductor with little or no magnetic field within it is said to be in the Meissner state and breaks down when the magnetic field is too large<br /> A superconductor is fundamentally different from a conductor, because Faraday’s law of induction alone does not explain magnetic repulsion by a superconductor. At a temperature below its Critical Temperature, Tc, a superconductor will not allow any magnetic field to freely enter it. This is because microscopic magnetic dipoles are induced in the superconductor that oppose the applied field. This induced field then repels the source of the applied field, and will consequently repel the magnet associated with that field. This implies that if a magnet was placed on top of the superconductor when the superconductor was above its Critical Temperature, and then it was cooled down to below Tc, the superconductor would then exclude the magnetic field of the magnet. This means that a magnet already levitating above a superconductor does not demonstrate the Meissner effect, while a magnet that is initially stationary and then repelled by a superconductor as it is cooled through its critical temperature does.<br /> [[File:Floating magnet.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]]<br /> <br /> ==What did it lead to?==<br /> The theory of the Meissner effect led to the phenomenological theory of superconductivity by Frits London and Heinz London in 1935. This theory explained resistance less transport and the Meissner effect, and allowed the first theoretical predictions for superconductivity to be made as seen below.<br /> [[File:Meissner effect1.png]]<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> <br /> Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> Superconductors and magnetic flux<br /> <br /> ===Further reading===<br /> <br /> Books, Articles or other print media on this topic<br /> <br /> ===External links===<br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=44mVZdnR6Yc<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br /> <br /> [[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>

Ooshinowo3 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=File:London_Equations.png&diff=5537 2015-12-01T03:55:42Z

<p>Ooshinowo3: London equations discovered by Frits London and Heinz London in 1935, explain Meissner effect</p> <hr /> <div>London equations discovered by Frits London and Heinz London in 1935, explain Meissner effect</div>

Ooshinowo3 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Meissner_effect&diff=5533 2015-12-01T03:51:57Z

<p>Ooshinowo3: </p> <hr /> <div>claimed by ooshinowo3<br /> <br /> ==What is the Meissner Effect==<br /> <br /> The Meissner effect is the expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor during its transition to the superconducting state, discovered by German physicists Walther Meissner and Robert Ochsenfeld in 1933. They discovered it by measuring the magnetic field outside superconducting tin and lead.<br /> <br /> [[File:Meissner effect1.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]] <br /> <br /> Some materials tend to expel a magnetic field, materials that do this are called diamagnetic, but the effects of this diamagnetism are weak. For example, water and the human body are diamagnetic materials. <br /> <br /> In superconducting material the Meissner effect creates currents which completely oppose the magnetic field applied by a magnet, in other words they will repel a magnet. This consequently makes a superconductor in the Meissner state a perfect diamagnet. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===A Mathematical Model===<br /> <br /> What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example &lt;math&gt;{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}&lt;/math&gt; where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.<br /> <br /> ===A Computational Model===<br /> <br /> How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]<br /> <br /> ==How does it Work?==<br /> <br /> A super conductor with little or no magnetic field within it is said to be in the Meissner state and breaks down when the magnetic field is too large<br /> A superconductor is fundamentally different from a conductor, because Faraday’s law of induction alone does not explain magnetic repulsion by a superconductor. At a temperature below its Critical Temperature, Tc, a superconductor will not allow any magnetic field to freely enter it. This is because microscopic magnetic dipoles are induced in the superconductor that oppose the applied field. This induced field then repels the source of the applied field, and will consequently repel the magnet associated with that field. This implies that if a magnet was placed on top of the superconductor when the superconductor was above its Critical Temperature, and then it was cooled down to below Tc, the superconductor would then exclude the magnetic field of the magnet. This means that a magnet already levitating above a superconductor does not demonstrate the Meissner effect, while a magnet that is initially stationary and then repelled by a superconductor as it is cooled through its critical temperature does.<br /> [[File:Floating magnet.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]]<br /> <br /> ==What did it lead to?==<br /> The theory of the Meissner effect led to the phenomenological theory of superconductivity by Frits London and Heinz London in 1935. This theory explained resistance less transport and the Meissner effect, and allowed the first theoretical predictions for superconductivity to be made as seen below.<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> <br /> Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> Superconductors and magnetic flux<br /> <br /> ===Further reading===<br /> <br /> Books, Articles or other print media on this topic<br /> <br /> ===External links===<br /> https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=44mVZdnR6Yc<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br /> <br /> [[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>

Ooshinowo3 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=File:Floating_magnet.png&diff=5527 2015-12-01T03:50:14Z

<p>Ooshinowo3: Due to the Meissner effect , a magnet is suspended over a superconductor.</p> <hr /> <div>Due to the Meissner effect , a magnet is suspended over a superconductor.</div>

Ooshinowo3 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Meissner_effect&diff=5519 2015-12-01T03:45:27Z

<p>Ooshinowo3: /* What is the Meissner Effect */</p> <hr /> <div>claimed by ooshinowo3<br /> <br /> ==What is the Meissner Effect==<br /> <br /> The Meissner effect is the expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor during its transition to the superconducting state, discovered by German physicists Walther Meissner and Robert Ochsenfeld in 1933. They discovered it by measuring the magnetic field outside superconducting tin and lead.<br /> <br /> [[File:Meissner effect1.png|200px|thumb|right|alt text]] <br /> <br /> Some materials tend to expel a magnetic field, materials that do this are called diamagnetic, but the effects of this diamagnetism are weak. For example, water and the human body are diamagnetic materials. <br /> <br /> In superconducting material the Meissner effect creates currents which completely oppose the magnetic field applied by a magnet, in other words they will repel a magnet. This consequently makes a superconductor in the Meissner state a perfect diamagnet. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===A Mathematical Model===<br /> <br /> What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example &lt;math&gt;{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}&lt;/math&gt; where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.<br /> <br /> ===A Computational Model===<br /> <br /> How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]<br /> <br /> ==How does it Work?==<br /> <br /> A super conductor with little or no magnetic field within it is said to be in the Meissner state and breaks down when the magnetic field is too large<br /> A superconductor is fundamentally different from a conductor, because Faraday’s law of induction alone does not explain magnetic repulsion by a superconductor. At a temperature below its Critical Temperature, Tc, a superconductor will not allow any magnetic field to freely enter it. This is because microscopic magnetic dipoles are induced in the superconductor that oppose the applied field. This induced field then repels the source of the applied field, and will consequently repel the magnet associated with that field. This implies that if a magnet was placed on top of the superconductor when the superconductor was above its Critical Temperature, and then it was cooled down to below Tc, the superconductor would then exclude the magnetic field of the magnet. This means that a magnet already levitating above a superconductor does not demonstrate the Meissner effect, while a magnet that is initially stationary and then repelled by a superconductor as it is cooled through its critical temperature does.<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Connectedness==<br /> #How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?<br /> #How is it connected to your major?<br /> #Is there an interesting industrial application?<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> <br /> Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> <br /> Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?<br /> <br /> ===Further reading===<br /> <br /> Books, Articles or other print media on this topic<br /> <br /> ===External links===<br /> <br /> Internet resources on this topic<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br /> <br /> [[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>

Ooshinowo3 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Meissner_effect&diff=5518 2015-12-01T03:44:39Z

<p>Ooshinowo3: </p> <hr /> <div>claimed by ooshinowo3<br /> <br /> ==What is the Meissner Effect==<br /> <br /> The Meissner effect is the expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor during its transition to the superconducting state, discovered by German physicists Walther Meissner and Robert Ochsenfeld in 1933. They discovered it by measuring the magnetic field outside superconducting tin and lead.<br /> <br /> [[File:Meissner effect1.png|200px|thumb|left|alt text]] <br /> <br /> Some materials tend to expel a magnetic field, materials that do this are called diamagnetic, but the effects of this diamagnetism are weak. For example, water and the human body are diamagnetic materials. <br /> <br /> In superconducting material the Meissner effect creates currents which completely oppose the magnetic field applied by a magnet, in other words they will repel a magnet. This consequently makes a superconductor in the Meissner state a perfect diamagnet. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===A Mathematical Model===<br /> <br /> What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example &lt;math&gt;{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}&lt;/math&gt; where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.<br /> <br /> ===A Computational Model===<br /> <br /> How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]<br /> <br /> ==How does it Work?==<br /> <br /> A super conductor with little or no magnetic field within it is said to be in the Meissner state and breaks down when the magnetic field is too large<br /> A superconductor is fundamentally different from a conductor, because Faraday’s law of induction alone does not explain magnetic repulsion by a superconductor. At a temperature below its Critical Temperature, Tc, a superconductor will not allow any magnetic field to freely enter it. This is because microscopic magnetic dipoles are induced in the superconductor that oppose the applied field. This induced field then repels the source of the applied field, and will consequently repel the magnet associated with that field. This implies that if a magnet was placed on top of the superconductor when the superconductor was above its Critical Temperature, and then it was cooled down to below Tc, the superconductor would then exclude the magnetic field of the magnet. This means that a magnet already levitating above a superconductor does not demonstrate the Meissner effect, while a magnet that is initially stationary and then repelled by a superconductor as it is cooled through its critical temperature does.<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Connectedness==<br /> #How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?<br /> #How is it connected to your major?<br /> #Is there an interesting industrial application?<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> <br /> Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> <br /> Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?<br /> <br /> ===Further reading===<br /> <br /> Books, Articles or other print media on this topic<br /> <br /> ===External links===<br /> <br /> Internet resources on this topic<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br /> <br /> [[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>

Ooshinowo3 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Meissner_effect&diff=5516 2015-12-01T03:43:21Z

<p>Ooshinowo3: </p> <hr /> <div>claimed by ooshinowo3<br /> <br /> ==What is the Meissner Effect==<br /> <br /> The Meissner effect is the expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor during its transition to the superconducting state, discovered by German physicists Walther Meissner and Robert Ochsenfeld in 1933. They discovered it by measuring the magnetic field outside superconducting tin and lead.<br /> [[File:Meissner effect1.png|200px|thumb|left|alt text]] <br /> <br /> Some materials tend to expel a magnetic field, materials that do this are called diamagnetic, but the effects of this diamagnetism are weak. For example, water and the human body are diamagnetic materials. <br /> <br /> In superconducting material the Meissner effect creates currents which completely oppose the magnetic field applied by a magnet, in other words they will repel a magnet. This consequently makes a superconductor in the Meissner state a perfect diamagnet. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===A Mathematical Model===<br /> <br /> What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example &lt;math&gt;{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}&lt;/math&gt; where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.<br /> <br /> ===A Computational Model===<br /> <br /> How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]<br /> <br /> ==How does it Work?==<br /> <br /> A super conductor with little or no magnetic field within it is said to be in the Meissner state and breaks down when the magnetic field is too large<br /> A superconductor is fundamentally different from a conductor, because Faraday’s law of induction alone does not explain magnetic repulsion by a superconductor. At a temperature below its Critical Temperature, Tc, a superconductor will not allow any magnetic field to freely enter it. This is because microscopic magnetic dipoles are induced in the superconductor that oppose the applied field. This induced field then repels the source of the applied field, and will consequently repel the magnet associated with that field. This implies that if a magnet was placed on top of the superconductor when the superconductor was above its Critical Temperature, and then it was cooled down to below Tc, the superconductor would then exclude the magnetic field of the magnet. This means that a magnet already levitating above a superconductor does not demonstrate the Meissner effect, while a magnet that is initially stationary and then repelled by a superconductor as it is cooled through its critical temperature does.<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Connectedness==<br /> #How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?<br /> #How is it connected to your major?<br /> #Is there an interesting industrial application?<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> <br /> Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> <br /> Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?<br /> <br /> ===Further reading===<br /> <br /> Books, Articles or other print media on this topic<br /> <br /> ===External links===<br /> <br /> Internet resources on this topic<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br /> <br /> [[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>

Ooshinowo3 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=File:Meissner_effect1.png&diff=5510 2015-12-01T03:40:52Z

<p>Ooshinowo3: magnetic field is repelled when a superconductor is under the Meissener effect</p> <hr /> <div>magnetic field is repelled when a superconductor is under the Meissener effect</div>

Ooshinowo3 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Meissner_effect&diff=5345 2015-12-01T02:15:13Z

<p>Ooshinowo3: </p> <hr /> <div>claimed by ooshinowo3<br /> <br /> ==What is the Meissner Effect==<br /> <br /> The Meissner effect is the expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor during its transition to the superconducting state, discovered by German physicists Walther Meissner and Robert Ochsenfeld in 1933. They discovered it by measuring the magnetic field outside superconducting tin and lead.<br /> <br /> Some materials tend to expel a magnetic field, materials that do this are called diamagnetic, but the effects of this diamagnetism are weak. For example, water and the human body are diamagnetic materials. <br /> <br /> In superconducting material the Meissner effect creates currents which completely oppose the magnetic field applied by a magnet, in other words they will repel a magnet. This consequently makes a superconductor in the Meissner state a perfect diamagnet. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===A Mathematical Model===<br /> <br /> What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example &lt;math&gt;{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}&lt;/math&gt; where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.<br /> <br /> ===A Computational Model===<br /> <br /> How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]<br /> <br /> ==How does it Work?==<br /> <br /> A super conductor with little or no magnetic field within it is said to be in the Meissner state and breaks down when the magnetic field is too large<br /> A superconductor is fundamentally different from a conductor, because Faraday’s law of induction alone does not explain magnetic repulsion by a superconductor. At a temperature below its Critical Temperature, Tc, a superconductor will not allow any magnetic field to freely enter it. This is because microscopic magnetic dipoles are induced in the superconductor that oppose the applied field. This induced field then repels the source of the applied field, and will consequently repel the magnet associated with that field. This implies that if a magnet was placed on top of the superconductor when the superconductor was above its Critical Temperature, and then it was cooled down to below Tc, the superconductor would then exclude the magnetic field of the magnet. This means that a magnet already levitating above a superconductor does not demonstrate the Meissner effect, while a magnet that is initially stationary and then repelled by a superconductor as it is cooled through its critical temperature does.<br /> <br /> <br /> ==Connectedness==<br /> #How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?<br /> #How is it connected to your major?<br /> #Is there an interesting industrial application?<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> <br /> Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> <br /> Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?<br /> <br /> ===Further reading===<br /> <br /> Books, Articles or other print media on this topic<br /> <br /> ===External links===<br /> <br /> Internet resources on this topic<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br /> <br /> [[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>

Ooshinowo3 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Meissner_effect&diff=5339 2015-12-01T02:11:49Z

<p>Ooshinowo3: </p> <hr /> <div>claimed by ooshinowo3<br /> <br /> ==What is the Meissner Effect==<br /> <br /> The Meissner effect is the expulsion of a magnetic field from a superconductor during its transition to the superconducting state, discovered by German physicists Walther Meissner and Robert Ochsenfeld in 1933. They discovered it by measuring the magnetic field outside superconducting tin and lead.<br /> <br /> Some materials tend to expel a magnetic field, materials that do this are called diamagnetic, but the effects of this diamagnetism are weak. For example, water and the human body are diamagnetic materials. <br /> <br /> In superconducting material the Meissner effect creates currents which completely oppose the magnetic field applied by a magnet, in other words they will repel a magnet. This consequently makes a superconductor in the Meissner state a perfect diamagnet. <br /> <br /> <br /> ===A Mathematical Model===<br /> <br /> What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example &lt;math&gt;{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}&lt;/math&gt; where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.<br /> <br /> ===A Computational Model===<br /> <br /> How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]<br /> <br /> ==Examples==<br /> <br /> Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible<br /> <br /> ===Simple===<br /> ===Middling===<br /> ===Difficult===<br /> <br /> ==Connectedness==<br /> #How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?<br /> #How is it connected to your major?<br /> #Is there an interesting industrial application?<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> <br /> Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> <br /> Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?<br /> <br /> ===Further reading===<br /> <br /> Books, Articles or other print media on this topic<br /> <br /> ===External links===<br /> <br /> Internet resources on this topic<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br /> <br /> [[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>

Ooshinowo3 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Meissner_effect&diff=5235 2015-12-01T00:49:59Z

<p>Ooshinowo3: </p> <hr /> <div>claimed by ooshinowo3<br /> <br /> ==The Main Idea==<br /> <br /> State, in your own words, the main idea for this topic<br /> Electric Field of Capacitor<br /> <br /> ===A Mathematical Model===<br /> <br /> What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example &lt;math&gt;{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}&lt;/math&gt; where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.<br /> <br /> ===A Computational Model===<br /> <br /> How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]<br /> <br /> ==Examples==<br /> <br /> Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible<br /> <br /> ===Simple===<br /> ===Middling===<br /> ===Difficult===<br /> <br /> ==Connectedness==<br /> #How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?<br /> #How is it connected to your major?<br /> #Is there an interesting industrial application?<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> <br /> Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> <br /> Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?<br /> <br /> ===Further reading===<br /> <br /> Books, Articles or other print media on this topic<br /> <br /> ===External links===<br /> <br /> Internet resources on this topic<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br /> <br /> [[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>

Ooshinowo3 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Meissner_effect&diff=5234 2015-12-01T00:49:26Z

<p>Ooshinowo3: Created page with &quot;Short Description of Topic ==The Main Idea== State, in your own words, the main idea for this topic Electric Field of Capacitor ===A Mathematical Model=== What are the mat...&quot;</p> <hr /> <div>Short Description of Topic<br /> <br /> ==The Main Idea==<br /> <br /> State, in your own words, the main idea for this topic<br /> Electric Field of Capacitor<br /> <br /> ===A Mathematical Model===<br /> <br /> What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example &lt;math&gt;{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}&lt;/math&gt; where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.<br /> <br /> ===A Computational Model===<br /> <br /> How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]<br /> <br /> ==Examples==<br /> <br /> Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible<br /> <br /> ===Simple===<br /> ===Middling===<br /> ===Difficult===<br /> <br /> ==Connectedness==<br /> #How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?<br /> #How is it connected to your major?<br /> #Is there an interesting industrial application?<br /> <br /> ==History==<br /> <br /> Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> <br /> Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?<br /> <br /> ===Further reading===<br /> <br /> Books, Articles or other print media on this topic<br /> <br /> ===External links===<br /> <br /> Internet resources on this topic<br /> <br /> ==References==<br /> <br /> This section contains the the references you used while writing this page<br /> <br /> [[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]</div>

Ooshinowo3 http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/index.php?title=Main_Page&diff=5229 2015-12-01T00:46:19Z

<p>Ooshinowo3: /* Maxwell&#039;s Equations */</p> <hr /> <div>__NOTOC__<br /> Welcome to the Georgia Tech Wiki for Intro Physics. This resources was created so that students can contribute and curate content to help those with limited or no access to a textbook. When reading this website, please correct any errors you may come across. If you read something that isn't clear, please consider revising it!<br /> <br /> Looking to make a contribution?<br /> #Pick a specific topic from intro physics<br /> #Add that topic, as a link to a new page, under the appropriate category listed below by editing this page.<br /> #Copy and paste the default [[Template]] into your new page and start editing.<br /> <br /> Please remember that this is not a textbook and you are not limited to expressing your ideas with only text and equations. Whenever possible embed: pictures, videos, diagrams, simulations, computational models (e.g. Glowscript), and whatever content you think makes learning physics easier for other students.<br /> <br /> == Source Material ==<br /> All of the content added to this resource must be in the public domain or similar free resource. If you are unsure about a source, contact the original author for permission. That said, there is a surprisingly large amount of introductory physics content scattered across the web. Here is an incomplete list of intro physics resources (please update as needed).<br /> * A physics resource written by experts for an expert audience [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Physics Physics Portal]<br /> * A wiki book on modern physics [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_Physics Modern Physics Wiki]<br /> * The MIT open courseware for intro physics [http://ocw.mit.edu/resources/res-8-002-a-wikitextbook-for-introductory-mechanics-fall-2009/index.htm MITOCW Wiki]<br /> * An online concept map of intro physics [http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/hph.html HyperPhysics]<br /> * Interactive physics simulations [https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/category/physics PhET]<br /> * OpenStax algebra based intro physics textbook [https://openstaxcollege.org/textbooks/college-physics College Physics]<br /> * The Open Source Physics project is a collection of online physics resources [http://www.opensourcephysics.org/ OSP]<br /> * A resource guide compiled by the [http://www.aapt.org/ AAPT] for educators [http://www.compadre.org/ ComPADRE]<br /> <br /> == Organizing Categories ==<br /> These are the broad, overarching categories, that we cover in two semester of introductory physics. You can add subcategories or make a new category as needed. A single topic should direct readers to a page in one of these catagories.<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> ===Interactions===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> *[[Kinds of Matter]]<br /> *[[Detecting Interactions]]<br /> *[[Fundamental Interactions]] <br /> *[[System &amp; Surroundings]] <br /> *[[Newton's First Law of Motion]]<br /> *[[Newton's Second Law of Motion]]<br /> *[[Newton's Third Law of Motion]]<br /> *[[Gravitational Force]]<br /> *[[Electric Force]]<br /> *[[Terminal Speed]]<br /> *[[Simple Harmonic Motion]]<br /> *[[Speed and Velocity]]<br /> *[[Electric Polarization]]<br /> <br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Theory===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> *[[Einstein's Theory of Special Relativity]]<br /> *[[Quantum Theory]]<br /> *[[Big Bang Theory]]<br /> <br /> <br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Notable Scientists===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> *[[Albert Einstein]]<br /> *[[Ernest Rutherford]]<br /> *[[Joseph Henry]]<br /> *[[Michael Faraday]]<br /> *[[J.J. Thomson]]<br /> *[[James Maxwell]]<br /> *[[Robert Hooke]]<br /> *[[Carl Friedrich Gauss]]<br /> *[[Nikola Tesla]]<br /> *[[Andre Marie Ampere]]<br /> *[[Sir Isaac Newton]]<br /> *[[J. Robert Oppenheimer]]<br /> *[[Oliver Heaviside]]<br /> *[[Rosalind Franklin]]<br /> *[[Erwin Schrödinger]]<br /> *[[Enrico Fermi]]<br /> *[[Robert J. Van de Graaff]]<br /> *[[Charles de Coulomb]]<br /> *[[Hans Christian Ørsted]]<br /> *[[Philo Farnsworth]]<br /> *[[Niels Bohr]]<br /> *[[Georg Ohm]]<br /> *[[Galileo Galilei]]<br /> *[[Gustav Kirchhoff]]<br /> *[[Max Planck]]<br /> *[[Heinrich Hertz]]<br /> *[[Edwin Hall]]<br /> *[[James Watt]]<br /> *[[Count Alessandro Volta]]<br /> *[[Josiah Willard Gibbs]]<br /> *[[Richard Phillips Feynman]]<br /> *[[Sir David Brewster]]<br /> *[[Daniel Bernoulli]]<br /> *[[William Thomson]]<br /> *[[Leonhard Euler]]<br /> *[[Robert Fox Bacher]]<br /> *[[Stephen Hawking]]<br /> *[[Amedeo Avogadro]]<br /> *[[Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Properties of Matter===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> *[[Mass]]<br /> *[[Velocity]]<br /> *[[Relative Velocity]]<br /> *[[Density]]<br /> *[[Charge]]<br /> *[[Spin]]<br /> *[[SI Units]]<br /> *[[Heat Capacity]]<br /> *[[Specific Heat]]<br /> *[[Wavelength]]<br /> *[[Conductivity]]<br /> *[[Weight]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Contact Interactions===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> * [[Young's Modulus]]<br /> * [[Friction]]<br /> * [[Tension]]<br /> * [[Hooke's Law]]<br /> *[[Centripetal Force and Curving Motion]]<br /> *[[Compression or Normal Force]]<br /> * [[Length and Stiffness of an Interatomic Bond]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Momentum===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> * [[Vectors]]<br /> * [[Kinematics]]<br /> * [[Conservation of Momentum]]<br /> * [[Predicting Change in multiple dimensions]]<br /> * [[Momentum Principle]]<br /> * [[Impulse Momentum]]<br /> * [[Curving Motion]]<br /> * [[Multi-particle Analysis of Momentum]]<br /> * [[Iterative Prediction]]<br /> * [[Newton's Laws and Linear Momentum]]<br /> * [[Net Force]]<br /> * [[Center of Mass]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Angular Momentum===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> * [[The Moments of Inertia]]<br /> * [[Moment of Inertia for a ring]]<br /> * [[Rotation]]<br /> * [[Torque]]<br /> * [[Systems with Zero Torque]]<br /> * [[Systems with Nonzero Torque]]<br /> * [[Right Hand Rule]]<br /> * [[Angular Velocity]]<br /> * [[Predicting a Change in Rotation]]<br /> * [[The Angular Momentum Principle]]<br /> * [[Rotational Angular Momentum]]<br /> * [[Total Angular Momentum]]<br /> <br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Energy===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> *[[The Energy Principle]]<br /> *[[Predicting Change]]<br /> *[[Rest Mass Energy]]<br /> *[[Kinetic Energy]]<br /> *[[Potential Energy]]<br /> *[[Work]]<br /> *[[Thermal Energy]]<br /> *[[Conservation of Energy]]<br /> *[[Electric Potential]]<br /> *[[Energy Transfer due to a Temperature Difference]]<br /> *[[Gravitational Potential Energy]]<br /> *[[Point Particle Systems]]<br /> *[[Real Systems]]<br /> *[[Spring Potential Energy]]<br /> *[[Internal Energy]]<br /> **[[Potential Energy of a Pair of Neutral Atoms]]<br /> *[[Translational, Rotational and Vibrational Energy]]<br /> *[[Franck-Hertz Experiment]]<br /> *[[Power]]<br /> *[[Energy Graphs]]<br /> *[[Air Resistance]]<br /> *[[Electronic Energy Levels]]<br /> *[[Second Law of Thermodynamics and Entropy]]<br /> *[[Specific Heat Capacity]]<br /> *[[Quantized Energy Levels]]<br /> *[[Energy Density]]<br /> *[[Relativistic Kinetic Energy]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Collisions===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> *[[Collisions]]<br /> *[[Maximally Inelastic Collision]]<br /> *[[Elastic Collisions]]<br /> *[[Inelastic Collisions]]<br /> *[[Head-on Collision of Equal Masses]]<br /> *[[Head-on Collision of Unequal Masses]]<br /> *[[Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Fields===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> * [[Electric Field]] of a<br /> ** [[Point Charge]]<br /> ** [[Electric Dipole]]<br /> ** [[Capacitor]]<br /> ** [[Charged Rod]]<br /> ** [[Charged Ring]]<br /> ** [[Charged Disk]]<br /> ** [[Charged Spherical Shell]]<br /> ** [[Charged Cylinder]]<br /> **[[A Solid Sphere Charged Throughout Its Volume]]<br /> *[[Electric Potential]] <br /> **[[Potential Difference in a Uniform Field]]<br /> **[[Potential Difference of point charge in a non-Uniform Field]]<br /> **[[Sign of Potential Difference]]<br /> **[[Potential Difference in an Insulator]]<br /> **[[Energy Density and Electric Field]]<br /> *[[Electric Force]]<br /> *[[Polarization]]<br /> *[[Charge Motion in Metals]]<br /> *[[Magnetic Field]]<br /> **[[Right-Hand Rule]]<br /> **[[Direction of Magnetic Field]]<br /> **[[Magnetic Field of a Long Straight Wire]]<br /> **[[Magnetic Field of a Loop]]<br /> **[[Magnetic Field of a Solenoid]]<br /> **[[Bar Magnet]]<br /> **[[Magnetic Force]]<br /> **[[Hall Effect]]<br /> **[[Lorentz Force]]<br /> **[[Biot-Savart Law]]<br /> **[[Biot-Savart Law for Currents]]<br /> **[[Integration Techniques for Magnetic Field]]<br /> **[[Sparks in Air]]<br /> **[[Motional Emf]]<br /> **[[Detecting a Magnetic Field]]<br /> **[[Moving Point Charge]]<br /> **[[Non-Coulomb Electric Field]]<br /> **[[Motors and Generators]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Simple Circuits===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> *[[Components]]<br /> *[[Steady State]]<br /> *[[Non Steady State]]<br /> *[[Node Rule]]<br /> *[[Loop Rule]]<br /> *[[Power in a circuit]]<br /> *[[Ammeters,Voltmeters,Ohmmeters]]<br /> *[[Current]]<br /> *[[Ohm's Law]]<br /> *[[Series Circuits]]<br /> *[[RC]]<br /> *[[Circular Loop of Wire]]<br /> *[[RL Circuit]]<br /> *[[LC Circuit]]<br /> *[[Surface Charge Distributions]]<br /> *[[Feedback]]<br /> *[[Transformers]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Maxwell's Equations===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> *[[Gauss's Flux Theorem]]<br /> **[[Electric Fields]]<br /> **[[Magnetic Fields]]<br /> *[[Ampere's Law]]<br /> **[[Magnetic Field of Coaxial Cable Using Ampere's Law]]<br /> *[[Faraday's Law]]<br /> **[[Curly Electric Fields]]<br /> **[[Inductance]]<br /> **[[Lenz's Law]]<br /> ***[[Lenz Effect and the Jumping Ring]]<br /> **[[Motional Emf using Faraday's Law]]<br /> *[[Ampere-Maxwell Law]]<br /> *[[Superconductors]]<br /> **[[Meissner effect]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Radiation===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> *[[Producing a Radiative Electric Field]]<br /> *[[Sinusoidal Electromagnetic Radiaton]]<br /> *[[Lenses]]<br /> *[[Energy and Momentum Analysis in Radiation]]<br /> *[[Electromagnetic Propagation]]<br /> *[[Snell's Law]]<br /> *[[Light Propagation Through a Medium]]<br /> *[[Light Scaterring: Why is the Sky Blue]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed&quot;&gt;<br /> <br /> ===Sound===<br /> &lt;div class=&quot;mw-collapsible-content&quot;&gt;<br /> *[[Doppler Effect]]<br /> *[[Nature, Behavior, and Properties of Sound]]<br /> *[[Resonance]]<br /> *[[Sound Barrier]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> *[[blahb]]<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> &lt;/div&gt;<br /> <br /> == Resources ==<br /> * Commonly used wiki commands [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Cheatsheet Wiki Cheatsheet]<br /> * A guide to representing equations in math mode [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula Wiki Math Mode]<br /> * A page to keep track of all the physics [[Constants]]<br /> * An overview of [[VPython]]</div>

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