Physics Book - User contributions [en]

Charging and Discharging a Capacitor

2015-12-05T22:12:17Z

SHoward:

The main purpose of having a capacitor in a circuit is to store electric charge. For intro physics you can almost think of them as a battery.

==The Main Idea==

'''Discharging a Capacitor'''

[[File:Discharging a capacitor wiki.PNG]]

A circuit with a charged capacitor has an electric fringe field inside the wire. This field creates an electron current. The electron current will move opposite the direction of the electric field. However, so long as the electron current is running, the capacitor is being discharged. The electron current is moving negative charges away from the negatively charged plate and towards the positively charged plate. Once the charges even out or are neutralized the electric field will cease to exist. Therefore the current stops running.

In the example where the charged capacitor is connected to a light bulb you can see the electric field is large in the beginning but decreases over time. The electron current is also greater in the beginning and decreases over time. Because of this the light bulb starts out shining brightly but slowly dims and goes out.

'''Charging a Capacitor'''

[[File:Charging a capacitor wiki.PNG]]

Charging a capacitor isn’t much more difficult than discharging and the same principles still apply. The circuit consists of two batteries, a light bulb, and a capacitor. Essentially, the electron current from the batteries will continue to run until the circuit reaches equilibrium (the capacitor is “full”). Just like when discharging, the bulb starts out bright while the electron current is running, but it slowly dims and goes out as the capacitor charges.

The electron current will flow out the negative end of the battery as usual (conventional current will exit the positive end). Positive charges begin to build up on the right plate and negative charges on the left. The electric field slowly decreases until the net electric field is 0. The fringe field is equal and opposite to the electric field caused by everything else.

If you were to draw a box around the capacitor and label it with positive and negative ends it would look like a battery. It also behaves like a battery. The electron current will continue to flow and the electric field will continue to exist until the potential difference across the capacitor is equal to that of the batteries (sum of emf of all batteries in the circuit).

'''Resistors'''

The amount of resistance in the circuit will determine how long it takes a capacitor to charge or discharge. The less resistance (a light bulb with a thicker filament) the faster the capacitor will charge or discharge. The more resistance (a light bulb with a thin filament) the longer it will take the capacitor to charge or discharge. The thicker filament bulb will be brighter, but won't last as long as a thin filament bulb. '''V = IR''', The larger the resistance the smaller the current.

===A Mathematical Model===

'''V = IR'''

'''E = (Q/A)/ε0'''

'''C = Q/V = ε0A/s'''

'''V = (Q/A)s/ε0'''

===A Computational Model===

[[File:Capacitor Charging.svg|Capacitor Charging]]

==Examples==

'''Question 1'''

Doubling the radius of the capacitor

A) quarters the capacitance

B) halves the capacitance

C) doubles the capacitance

D) quadruples the capacitance

Doubling the radius of the capacitor

A) quarters the electric field between the plates

B) halves the electric field between the plates

C) doubles the electric field between the plates

D) quadruples the electric field between the plates

Doubling the distance between the plates

A) quarters the capacitance

B) halves the capacitance

C) doubles the capacitance

D) quadruples the capacitance

Doubling the capacitance

A) quarters the electric field between the plates

B) halves the electric field between the plates

C) doubles the electric field between the plates

D) quadruples the electric field between the plates

ANS: D, B, A, C

'''Question 2'''

[[File:Circuits problem 1 wiki.PNG]]

What is the current at points A,B, and C when the capacitor is not yet charged and when the capacitor is fully charged?

When the capacitor is fully charged what is the charge on the plates?

'''Answer:'''

[[File:Circuits problem 1 wiki answers.PNG]]

'''Question 3'''

[[File:Circuits problem 2 wiki.PNG]]

The switch has been closed for a long time.

What is the current at each point?

What is the charge on the capacitor?

Is the light bulb lit?

The switch is opened.

Immediately after the switch is opened is the bulb lit? After a while?

What current is initially running through the bulb?

Which direction is the current moving?

'''Answer:'''

[[File:Circuits problem 2 wiki answers.PNG]]

==Connectedness==

Capacitor can be temporary batteries. Capacitors in parallel can continue to supply current to the circuit if the battery runs out. This is interesting because the capacitor gets its charge from being connected to a chemical battery, but the capacitor itself supplies voltage without chemicals.

Capacitors are being researched for applications in electromagnetic armour and electromagnetic weapons. Currently capacitors are used as detonators in nuclear weapons. Capacitors also are largely involved in separations of AC and DC components.

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.
In 1745 Ewald Georg von Kleist was the first to "discover" capacitors in Germany. He connected a generator to glass jars of water and charged them. When he touched the wire they were connected to he shocked himself (discharged the capacitor). At the same time Pieter van Musschenbroek made a similar capacitor and named it the Leyden Jar. When Benjamin Franklin studied the Leyden Jar he determined, among other things, that the charge was stored on the glass. During his studies Franklin was the first to give the capacitor the name battery. Since then batteries have most often been electro-chemical cells of capacitors made of sheets of conducting and dielectric material.

== See also ==
===Further reading===
#Williams, Henry Smith. "A History of Science Volume II, Part VI: The Leyden Jar Discovered"
#Keithley, Joseph F. (1999). The Story of Electrical and Magnetic Measurements: From 500 BC to the 1940s

===External links===

#Wikipedia Page "Capacitor"[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor]
#Khan Academy[https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/circuits-topic]

==References==

#Chabay, Ruth W., and Bruce A. Sherwood. Matter and Interactions. 3rd ed. Vol. 2. N.p.: John Wiley and Sons, 2002. Print.
#"Capacitor." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 05 Dec. 2015.

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Charging and Discharging a Capacitor

2015-12-05T22:07:16Z

SHoward: /* Examples */

Claimed by SHoward

The main purpose of having a capacitor in a circuit is to store electric charge. For intro physics you can almost think of them as a battery.

==The Main Idea==

'''Discharging a Capacitor'''

[[File:Discharging a capacitor wiki.PNG]]

A circuit with a charged capacitor has an electric fringe field inside the wire. This field creates an electron current. The electron current will move opposite the direction of the electric field. However, so long as the electron current is running, the capacitor is being discharged. The electron current is moving negative charges away from the negatively charged plate and towards the positively charged plate. Once the charges even out or are neutralized the electric field will cease to exist. Therefore the current stops running.

In the example where the charged capacitor is connected to a light bulb you can see the electric field is large in the beginning but decreases over time. The electron current is also greater in the beginning and decreases over time. Because of this the light bulb starts out shining brightly but slowly dims and goes out.

'''Charging a Capacitor'''

[[File:Charging a capacitor wiki.PNG]]

Charging a capacitor isn’t much more difficult than discharging and the same principles still apply. The circuit consists of two batteries, a light bulb, and a capacitor. Essentially, the electron current from the batteries will continue to run until the circuit reaches equilibrium (the capacitor is “full”). Just like when discharging, the bulb starts out bright while the electron current is running, but it slowly dims and goes out as the capacitor charges.

The electron current will flow out the negative end of the battery as usual (conventional current will exit the positive end). Positive charges begin to build up on the right plate and negative charges on the left. The electric field slowly decreases until the net electric field is 0. The fringe field is equal and opposite to the electric field caused by everything else.

If you were to draw a box around the capacitor and label it with positive and negative ends it would look like a battery. It also behaves like a battery. The electron current will continue to flow and the electric field will continue to exist until the potential difference across the capacitor is equal to that of the batteries (sum of emf of all batteries in the circuit).

'''Resistors'''

The amount of resistance in the circuit will determine how long it takes a capacitor to charge or discharge. The less resistance (a light bulb with a thicker filament) the faster the capacitor will charge or discharge. The more resistance (a light bulb with a thin filament) the longer it will take the capacitor to charge or discharge. The thicker filament bulb will be brighter, but won't last as long as a thin filament bulb. '''V = IR''', The larger the resistance the smaller the current.

===A Mathematical Model===

'''V = IR'''

'''E = (Q/A)/ε0'''

'''C = Q/V = ε0A/s'''

'''V = (Q/A)s/ε0'''

===A Computational Model===

[[File:Capacitor Charging.svg|Capacitor Charging]]

==Examples==

'''Question 1'''

Doubling the radius of the capacitor

A) quarters the capacitance

B) halves the capacitance

C) doubles the capacitance

D) quadruples the capacitance

Doubling the radius of the capacitor

A) quarters the electric field between the plates

B) halves the electric field between the plates

C) doubles the electric field between the plates

D) quadruples the electric field between the plates

Doubling the distance between the plates

A) quarters the capacitance

B) halves the capacitance

C) doubles the capacitance

D) quadruples the capacitance

Doubling the capacitance

A) quarters the electric field between the plates

B) halves the electric field between the plates

C) doubles the electric field between the plates

D) quadruples the electric field between the plates

ANS: D, B, A, C

'''Question 2'''

[[File:Circuits problem 1 wiki.PNG]]

What is the current at points A,B, and C when the capacitor is not yet charged and when the capacitor is fully charged?

When the capacitor is fully charged what is the charge on the plates?

'''Answer:'''

[[File:Circuits problem 1 wiki answers.PNG]]

'''Question 3'''

[[File:Circuits problem 2 wiki.PNG]]

The switch has been closed for a long time.

What is the current at each point?

What is the charge on the capacitor?

Is the light bulb lit?

The switch is opened.

Immediately after the switch is opened is the bulb lit? After a while?

What current is initially running through the bulb?

Which direction is the current moving?

'''Answer:'''

[[File:Circuits problem 2 wiki answers.PNG]]

==Connectedness==

Capacitor can be temporary batteries. Capacitors in parallel can continue to supply current to the circuit if the battery runs out. This is interesting because the capacitor gets its charge from being connected to a chemical battery, but the capacitor itself supplies voltage without chemicals.

Capacitors are being researched for applications in electromagnetic armour and electromagnetic weapons. Currently capacitors are used as detonators in nuclear weapons. Capacitors also are largely involved in separations of AC and DC components.

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.
In 1745 Ewald Georg von Kleist was the first to "discover" capacitors in Germany. He connected a generator to glass jars of water and charged them. When he touched the wire they were connected to he shocked himself (discharged the capacitor). At the same time Pieter van Musschenbroek made a similar capacitor and named it the Leyden Jar. When Benjamin Franklin studied the Leyden Jar he determined, among other things, that the charge was stored on the glass. During his studies Franklin was the first to give the capacitor the name battery. Since then batteries have most often been electro-chemical cells of capacitors made of sheets of conducting and dielectric material.

== See also ==
===Further reading===
#Williams, Henry Smith. "A History of Science Volume II, Part VI: The Leyden Jar Discovered"
#Keithley, Joseph F. (1999). The Story of Electrical and Magnetic Measurements: From 500 BC to the 1940s

===External links===

#Wikipedia Page "Capacitor"[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor]
#Khan Academy[https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/circuits-topic]

==References==

#Chabay, Ruth W., and Bruce A. Sherwood. Matter and Interactions. 3rd ed. Vol. 2. N.p.: John Wiley and Sons, 2002. Print.
#"Capacitor." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 05 Dec. 2015.

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Charging and Discharging a Capacitor

2015-12-05T22:06:11Z

SHoward: /* Examples */

Claimed by SHoward

The main purpose of having a capacitor in a circuit is to store electric charge. For intro physics you can almost think of them as a battery.

==The Main Idea==

'''Discharging a Capacitor'''

[[File:Discharging a capacitor wiki.PNG]]

A circuit with a charged capacitor has an electric fringe field inside the wire. This field creates an electron current. The electron current will move opposite the direction of the electric field. However, so long as the electron current is running, the capacitor is being discharged. The electron current is moving negative charges away from the negatively charged plate and towards the positively charged plate. Once the charges even out or are neutralized the electric field will cease to exist. Therefore the current stops running.

In the example where the charged capacitor is connected to a light bulb you can see the electric field is large in the beginning but decreases over time. The electron current is also greater in the beginning and decreases over time. Because of this the light bulb starts out shining brightly but slowly dims and goes out.

'''Charging a Capacitor'''

[[File:Charging a capacitor wiki.PNG]]

Charging a capacitor isn’t much more difficult than discharging and the same principles still apply. The circuit consists of two batteries, a light bulb, and a capacitor. Essentially, the electron current from the batteries will continue to run until the circuit reaches equilibrium (the capacitor is “full”). Just like when discharging, the bulb starts out bright while the electron current is running, but it slowly dims and goes out as the capacitor charges.

The electron current will flow out the negative end of the battery as usual (conventional current will exit the positive end). Positive charges begin to build up on the right plate and negative charges on the left. The electric field slowly decreases until the net electric field is 0. The fringe field is equal and opposite to the electric field caused by everything else.

If you were to draw a box around the capacitor and label it with positive and negative ends it would look like a battery. It also behaves like a battery. The electron current will continue to flow and the electric field will continue to exist until the potential difference across the capacitor is equal to that of the batteries (sum of emf of all batteries in the circuit).

'''Resistors'''

The amount of resistance in the circuit will determine how long it takes a capacitor to charge or discharge. The less resistance (a light bulb with a thicker filament) the faster the capacitor will charge or discharge. The more resistance (a light bulb with a thin filament) the longer it will take the capacitor to charge or discharge. The thicker filament bulb will be brighter, but won't last as long as a thin filament bulb. '''V = IR''', The larger the resistance the smaller the current.

===A Mathematical Model===

'''V = IR'''

'''E = (Q/A)/ε0'''

'''C = Q/V = ε0A/s'''

'''V = (Q/A)s/ε0'''

===A Computational Model===

[[File:Capacitor Charging.svg|Capacitor Charging]]

==Examples==

'''Question 1'''

Doubling the radius of the capacitor

A) quarters the capacitance

B) halves the capacitance

C) doubles the capacitance

D) quadruples the capacitance

Doubling the radius of the capacitor

A) quarters the electric field between the plates

B) halves the electric field between the plates

C) doubles the electric field between the plates

D) quadruples the electric field between the plates

Doubling the distance between the plates

A) quarters the capacitance

B) halves the capacitance

C) doubles the capacitance

D) quadruples the capacitance

Doubling the capacitance

A) quarters the electric field between the plates

B) halves the electric field between the plates

C) doubles the electric field between the plates

D) quadruples the electric field between the plates

ANS: D, B, A, C

'''Question 2'''

[[File:Circuits problem 1 wiki.PNG]]

What is the current at points A,B, and C when the capacitor is not yet charged and when the capacitor is fully charged?

When the capacitor is fully charged what is the charge on the plates?

[[File:Circuits problem 1 wiki answers.PNG]]

'''Question 3'''

[[File:Circuits problem 2 wiki.PNG]]

The switch has been closed for a long time.

What is the current at each point?

What is the charge on the capacitor?

Is the light bulb lit?

The switch is opened.

Immediately after the switch is opened is the bulb lit? After a while?

What current is initially running through the bulb?

Which direction is the current moving?

[[File:Circuits problem 2 wiki answers.PNG]]

==Connectedness==

Capacitor can be temporary batteries. Capacitors in parallel can continue to supply current to the circuit if the battery runs out. This is interesting because the capacitor gets its charge from being connected to a chemical battery, but the capacitor itself supplies voltage without chemicals.

Capacitors are being researched for applications in electromagnetic armour and electromagnetic weapons. Currently capacitors are used as detonators in nuclear weapons. Capacitors also are largely involved in separations of AC and DC components.

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.
In 1745 Ewald Georg von Kleist was the first to "discover" capacitors in Germany. He connected a generator to glass jars of water and charged them. When he touched the wire they were connected to he shocked himself (discharged the capacitor). At the same time Pieter van Musschenbroek made a similar capacitor and named it the Leyden Jar. When Benjamin Franklin studied the Leyden Jar he determined, among other things, that the charge was stored on the glass. During his studies Franklin was the first to give the capacitor the name battery. Since then batteries have most often been electro-chemical cells of capacitors made of sheets of conducting and dielectric material.

== See also ==
===Further reading===
#Williams, Henry Smith. "A History of Science Volume II, Part VI: The Leyden Jar Discovered"
#Keithley, Joseph F. (1999). The Story of Electrical and Magnetic Measurements: From 500 BC to the 1940s

===External links===

#Wikipedia Page "Capacitor"[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor]
#Khan Academy[https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/circuits-topic]

==References==

#Chabay, Ruth W., and Bruce A. Sherwood. Matter and Interactions. 3rd ed. Vol. 2. N.p.: John Wiley and Sons, 2002. Print.
#"Capacitor." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 05 Dec. 2015.

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

File:Circuits problem 2 wiki answers.PNG

2015-12-05T22:05:55Z

SHoward:

File:Circuits problem 2 wiki.PNG

2015-12-05T22:04:57Z

SHoward:

File:Circuits problem 1 wiki answers.PNG

2015-12-05T22:03:49Z

SHoward:

File:Circuits problem 1 wiki.PNG

2015-12-05T22:01:32Z

SHoward:

Charging and Discharging a Capacitor

2015-12-05T21:59:39Z

SHoward: /* The Main Idea */

Claimed by SHoward

The main purpose of having a capacitor in a circuit is to store electric charge. For intro physics you can almost think of them as a battery.

==The Main Idea==

'''Discharging a Capacitor'''

[[File:Discharging a capacitor wiki.PNG]]

A circuit with a charged capacitor has an electric fringe field inside the wire. This field creates an electron current. The electron current will move opposite the direction of the electric field. However, so long as the electron current is running, the capacitor is being discharged. The electron current is moving negative charges away from the negatively charged plate and towards the positively charged plate. Once the charges even out or are neutralized the electric field will cease to exist. Therefore the current stops running.

In the example where the charged capacitor is connected to a light bulb you can see the electric field is large in the beginning but decreases over time. The electron current is also greater in the beginning and decreases over time. Because of this the light bulb starts out shining brightly but slowly dims and goes out.

'''Charging a Capacitor'''

[[File:Charging a capacitor wiki.PNG]]

Charging a capacitor isn’t much more difficult than discharging and the same principles still apply. The circuit consists of two batteries, a light bulb, and a capacitor. Essentially, the electron current from the batteries will continue to run until the circuit reaches equilibrium (the capacitor is “full”). Just like when discharging, the bulb starts out bright while the electron current is running, but it slowly dims and goes out as the capacitor charges.

The electron current will flow out the negative end of the battery as usual (conventional current will exit the positive end). Positive charges begin to build up on the right plate and negative charges on the left. The electric field slowly decreases until the net electric field is 0. The fringe field is equal and opposite to the electric field caused by everything else.

If you were to draw a box around the capacitor and label it with positive and negative ends it would look like a battery. It also behaves like a battery. The electron current will continue to flow and the electric field will continue to exist until the potential difference across the capacitor is equal to that of the batteries (sum of emf of all batteries in the circuit).

'''Resistors'''

The amount of resistance in the circuit will determine how long it takes a capacitor to charge or discharge. The less resistance (a light bulb with a thicker filament) the faster the capacitor will charge or discharge. The more resistance (a light bulb with a thin filament) the longer it will take the capacitor to charge or discharge. The thicker filament bulb will be brighter, but won't last as long as a thin filament bulb. '''V = IR''', The larger the resistance the smaller the current.

===A Mathematical Model===

'''V = IR'''

'''E = (Q/A)/ε0'''

'''C = Q/V = ε0A/s'''

'''V = (Q/A)s/ε0'''

===A Computational Model===

[[File:Capacitor Charging.svg|Capacitor Charging]]

==Examples==

'''Question 1'''

Doubling the radius of the capacitor

A) quarters the capacitance

B) halves the capacitance

C) doubles the capacitance

D) quadruples the capacitance

Doubling the radius of the capacitor

A) quarters the electric field between the plates

B) halves the electric field between the plates

C) doubles the electric field between the plates

D) quadruples the electric field between the plates

Doubling the distance between the plates

A) quarters the capacitance

B) halves the capacitance

C) doubles the capacitance

D) quadruples the capacitance

Doubling the capacitance

A) quarters the electric field between the plates

B) halves the electric field between the plates

C) doubles the electric field between the plates

D) quadruples the electric field between the plates

ANS: D, B, A, C

'''Question 2'''

What is the current at points A,B, and C when the capacitor is not yet charged and when the capacitor is fully charged?

When the capacitor is fully charged what is the charge on the plates?

'''Question 3'''

The switch has been closed for a long time.

What is the current at each point?

What is the charge on the capacitor?

Is the light bulb lit?

The switch is opened.

Immediately after the switch is opened is the bulb lit? After a while?

What current is initially running through the bulb?

Which direction is the current moving?

==Connectedness==

Capacitor can be temporary batteries. Capacitors in parallel can continue to supply current to the circuit if the battery runs out. This is interesting because the capacitor gets its charge from being connected to a chemical battery, but the capacitor itself supplies voltage without chemicals.

Capacitors are being researched for applications in electromagnetic armour and electromagnetic weapons. Currently capacitors are used as detonators in nuclear weapons. Capacitors also are largely involved in separations of AC and DC components.

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.
In 1745 Ewald Georg von Kleist was the first to "discover" capacitors in Germany. He connected a generator to glass jars of water and charged them. When he touched the wire they were connected to he shocked himself (discharged the capacitor). At the same time Pieter van Musschenbroek made a similar capacitor and named it the Leyden Jar. When Benjamin Franklin studied the Leyden Jar he determined, among other things, that the charge was stored on the glass. During his studies Franklin was the first to give the capacitor the name battery. Since then batteries have most often been electro-chemical cells of capacitors made of sheets of conducting and dielectric material.

== See also ==
===Further reading===
#Williams, Henry Smith. "A History of Science Volume II, Part VI: The Leyden Jar Discovered"
#Keithley, Joseph F. (1999). The Story of Electrical and Magnetic Measurements: From 500 BC to the 1940s

===External links===

#Wikipedia Page "Capacitor"[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor]
#Khan Academy[https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/circuits-topic]

==References==

#Chabay, Ruth W., and Bruce A. Sherwood. Matter and Interactions. 3rd ed. Vol. 2. N.p.: John Wiley and Sons, 2002. Print.
#"Capacitor." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 05 Dec. 2015.

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

File:Charging a capacitor wiki.PNG

2015-12-05T21:58:55Z

SHoward:

Charging and Discharging a Capacitor

2015-12-05T21:57:12Z

SHoward: /* The Main Idea */

Claimed by SHoward

The main purpose of having a capacitor in a circuit is to store electric charge. For intro physics you can almost think of them as a battery.

==The Main Idea==

'''Discharging a Capacitor'''
[[File:Discharging a capacitor wiki.PNG]]

A circuit with a charged capacitor has an electric fringe field inside the wire. This field creates an electron current. The electron current will move opposite the direction of the electric field. However, so long as the electron current is running, the capacitor is being discharged. The electron current is moving negative charges away from the negatively charged plate and towards the positively charged plate. Once the charges even out or are neutralized the electric field will cease to exist. Therefore the current stops running.

In the example where the charged capacitor is connected to a light bulb you can see the electric field is large in the beginning but decreases over time. The electron current is also greater in the beginning and decreases over time. Because of this the light bulb starts out shining brightly but slowly dims and goes out.

'''Charging a Capacitor'''

Charging a capacitor isn’t much more difficult than discharging and the same principles still apply. The circuit consists of two batteries, a light bulb, and a capacitor. Essentially, the electron current from the batteries will continue to run until the circuit reaches equilibrium (the capacitor is “full”). Just like when discharging, the bulb starts out bright while the electron current is running, but it slowly dims and goes out as the capacitor charges.

The electron current will flow out the negative end of the battery as usual (conventional current will exit the positive end). Positive charges begin to build up on the right plate and negative charges on the left. The electric field slowly decreases until the net electric field is 0. The fringe field is equal and opposite to the electric field caused by everything else.

If you were to draw a box around the capacitor and label it with positive and negative ends it would look like a battery. It also behaves like a battery. The electron current will continue to flow and the electric field will continue to exist until the potential difference across the capacitor is equal to that of the batteries (sum of emf of all batteries in the circuit).

'''Resistors'''

The amount of resistance in the circuit will determine how long it takes a capacitor to charge or discharge. The less resistance (a light bulb with a thicker filament) the faster the capacitor will charge or discharge. The more resistance (a light bulb with a thin filament) the longer it will take the capacitor to charge or discharge. The thicker filament bulb will be brighter, but won't last as long as a thin filament bulb. '''V = IR''', The larger the resistance the smaller the current.

===A Mathematical Model===

'''V = IR'''

'''E = (Q/A)/ε0'''

'''C = Q/V = ε0A/s'''

'''V = (Q/A)s/ε0'''

===A Computational Model===

[[File:Capacitor Charging.svg|Capacitor Charging]]

==Examples==

'''Question 1'''

Doubling the radius of the capacitor

A) quarters the capacitance

B) halves the capacitance

C) doubles the capacitance

D) quadruples the capacitance

Doubling the radius of the capacitor

A) quarters the electric field between the plates

B) halves the electric field between the plates

C) doubles the electric field between the plates

D) quadruples the electric field between the plates

Doubling the distance between the plates

A) quarters the capacitance

B) halves the capacitance

C) doubles the capacitance

D) quadruples the capacitance

Doubling the capacitance

A) quarters the electric field between the plates

B) halves the electric field between the plates

C) doubles the electric field between the plates

D) quadruples the electric field between the plates

ANS: D, B, A, C

'''Question 2'''

What is the current at points A,B, and C when the capacitor is not yet charged and when the capacitor is fully charged?

When the capacitor is fully charged what is the charge on the plates?

'''Question 3'''

The switch has been closed for a long time.

What is the current at each point?

What is the charge on the capacitor?

Is the light bulb lit?

The switch is opened.

Immediately after the switch is opened is the bulb lit? After a while?

What current is initially running through the bulb?

Which direction is the current moving?

==Connectedness==

Capacitor can be temporary batteries. Capacitors in parallel can continue to supply current to the circuit if the battery runs out. This is interesting because the capacitor gets its charge from being connected to a chemical battery, but the capacitor itself supplies voltage without chemicals.

Capacitors are being researched for applications in electromagnetic armour and electromagnetic weapons. Currently capacitors are used as detonators in nuclear weapons. Capacitors also are largely involved in separations of AC and DC components.

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.
In 1745 Ewald Georg von Kleist was the first to "discover" capacitors in Germany. He connected a generator to glass jars of water and charged them. When he touched the wire they were connected to he shocked himself (discharged the capacitor). At the same time Pieter van Musschenbroek made a similar capacitor and named it the Leyden Jar. When Benjamin Franklin studied the Leyden Jar he determined, among other things, that the charge was stored on the glass. During his studies Franklin was the first to give the capacitor the name battery. Since then batteries have most often been electro-chemical cells of capacitors made of sheets of conducting and dielectric material.

== See also ==
===Further reading===
#Williams, Henry Smith. "A History of Science Volume II, Part VI: The Leyden Jar Discovered"
#Keithley, Joseph F. (1999). The Story of Electrical and Magnetic Measurements: From 500 BC to the 1940s

===External links===

#Wikipedia Page "Capacitor"[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor]
#Khan Academy[https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/circuits-topic]

==References==

#Chabay, Ruth W., and Bruce A. Sherwood. Matter and Interactions. 3rd ed. Vol. 2. N.p.: John Wiley and Sons, 2002. Print.
#"Capacitor." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 05 Dec. 2015.

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

File:Discharging a capacitor wiki.PNG

2015-12-05T21:55:18Z

SHoward:

Charging and Discharging a Capacitor

2015-12-05T21:49:57Z

SHoward: /* The Main Idea */

Claimed by SHoward

The main purpose of having a capacitor in a circuit is to store electric charge. For intro physics you can almost think of them as a battery.

==The Main Idea==

'''Discharging a Capacitor'''

A circuit with a charged capacitor has an electric fringe field inside the wire. This field creates an electron current. The electron current will move opposite the direction of the electric field. However, so long as the electron current is running, the capacitor is being discharged. The electron current is moving negative charges away from the negatively charged plate and towards the positively charged plate. Once the charges even out or are neutralized the electric field will cease to exist. Therefore the current stops running.

In the example where the charged capacitor is connected to a light bulb you can see the electric field is large in the beginning but decreases over time. The electron current is also greater in the beginning and decreases over time. Because of this the light bulb starts out shining brightly but slowly dims and goes out.

'''Charging a Capacitor'''

Charging a capacitor isn’t much more difficult than discharging and the same principles still apply. The circuit consists of two batteries, a light bulb, and a capacitor. Essentially, the electron current from the batteries will continue to run until the circuit reaches equilibrium (the capacitor is “full”). Just like when discharging, the bulb starts out bright while the electron current is running, but it slowly dims and goes out as the capacitor charges.

The electron current will flow out the negative end of the battery as usual (conventional current will exit the positive end). Positive charges begin to build up on the right plate and negative charges on the left. The electric field slowly decreases until the net electric field is 0. The fringe field is equal and opposite to the electric field caused by everything else.

If you were to draw a box around the capacitor and label it with positive and negative ends it would look like a battery. It also behaves like a battery. The electron current will continue to flow and the electric field will continue to exist until the potential difference across the capacitor is equal to that of the batteries (sum of emf of all batteries in the circuit).

'''Resistors'''

The amount of resistance in the circuit will determine how long it takes a capacitor to charge or discharge. The less resistance (a light bulb with a thicker filament) the faster the capacitor will charge or discharge. The more resistance (a light bulb with a thin filament) the longer it will take the capacitor to charge or discharge. The thicker filament bulb will be brighter, but won't last as long as a thin filament bulb. '''V = IR''', The larger the resistance the smaller the current.

===A Mathematical Model===

'''V = IR'''

'''E = (Q/A)/ε0'''

'''C = Q/V = ε0A/s'''

'''V = (Q/A)s/ε0'''

===A Computational Model===

[[File:Capacitor Charging.svg|Capacitor Charging]]

==Examples==

'''Question 1'''

Doubling the radius of the capacitor

A) quarters the capacitance

B) halves the capacitance

C) doubles the capacitance

D) quadruples the capacitance

Doubling the radius of the capacitor

A) quarters the electric field between the plates

B) halves the electric field between the plates

C) doubles the electric field between the plates

D) quadruples the electric field between the plates

Doubling the distance between the plates

A) quarters the capacitance

B) halves the capacitance

C) doubles the capacitance

D) quadruples the capacitance

Doubling the capacitance

A) quarters the electric field between the plates

B) halves the electric field between the plates

C) doubles the electric field between the plates

D) quadruples the electric field between the plates

ANS: D, B, A, C

'''Question 2'''

What is the current at points A,B, and C when the capacitor is not yet charged and when the capacitor is fully charged?

When the capacitor is fully charged what is the charge on the plates?

'''Question 3'''

The switch has been closed for a long time.

What is the current at each point?

What is the charge on the capacitor?

Is the light bulb lit?

The switch is opened.

Immediately after the switch is opened is the bulb lit? After a while?

What current is initially running through the bulb?

Which direction is the current moving?

==Connectedness==

Capacitor can be temporary batteries. Capacitors in parallel can continue to supply current to the circuit if the battery runs out. This is interesting because the capacitor gets its charge from being connected to a chemical battery, but the capacitor itself supplies voltage without chemicals.

Capacitors are being researched for applications in electromagnetic armour and electromagnetic weapons. Currently capacitors are used as detonators in nuclear weapons. Capacitors also are largely involved in separations of AC and DC components.

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.
In 1745 Ewald Georg von Kleist was the first to "discover" capacitors in Germany. He connected a generator to glass jars of water and charged them. When he touched the wire they were connected to he shocked himself (discharged the capacitor). At the same time Pieter van Musschenbroek made a similar capacitor and named it the Leyden Jar. When Benjamin Franklin studied the Leyden Jar he determined, among other things, that the charge was stored on the glass. During his studies Franklin was the first to give the capacitor the name battery. Since then batteries have most often been electro-chemical cells of capacitors made of sheets of conducting and dielectric material.

== See also ==
===Further reading===
#Williams, Henry Smith. "A History of Science Volume II, Part VI: The Leyden Jar Discovered"
#Keithley, Joseph F. (1999). The Story of Electrical and Magnetic Measurements: From 500 BC to the 1940s

===External links===

#Wikipedia Page "Capacitor"[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor]
#Khan Academy[https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/circuits-topic]

==References==

#Chabay, Ruth W., and Bruce A. Sherwood. Matter and Interactions. 3rd ed. Vol. 2. N.p.: John Wiley and Sons, 2002. Print.
#"Capacitor." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 05 Dec. 2015.

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Charging and Discharging a Capacitor

2015-12-05T21:28:52Z

SHoward: /* A Mathematical Model */

Claimed by SHoward

The main purpose of having a capacitor in a circuit is to store electric charge. For intro physics you can almost think of them as a battery.

==The Main Idea==

'''Discharging a Capacitor'''

A circuit with a charged capacitor has an electric fringe field inside the wire. This field creates an electron current. The electron current will move opposite the direction of the electric field. However, so long as the electron current is running, the capacitor is being discharged. The electron current is moving negative charges away from the negatively charged plate and towards the positively charged plate. Once the charges even out or are neutralized the electric field will cease to exist. Therefore the current stops running.

In the example where the charged capacitor is connected to a light bulb you can see the electric field is large in the beginning but decreases over time. The electron current is also greater in the beginning and decreases over time. Because of this the light bulb starts out shining brightly but slowly dims and goes out.

'''Charging a Capacitor'''

Charging a capacitor isn’t much more difficult than discharging and the same principles still apply. The circuit consists of two batteries, a light bulb, and a capacitor. Essentially, the electron current from the batteries will continue to run until the circuit reaches equilibrium (the capacitor is “full”). Just like when discharging, the bulb starts out bright while the electron current is running, but it slowly dims and goes out as the capacitor charges.

The electron current will flow out the negative end of the battery as usual (conventional current will exit the positive end). Positive charges begin to build up on the right plate and negative charges on the left. The electric field slowly decreases until the net electric field is 0. The fringe field is equal and opposite to the electric field caused by everything else.

If you were to draw a box around the capacitor and label it with positive and negative ends it would look like a battery. It also behaves like a battery. The electron current will continue to flow and the electric field will continue to exist until the potential difference across the capacitor is equal to that of the batteries (sum of emf of all batteries in the circuit).

'''Resistors'''

The amount of resistance in the circuit will determine how long it takes a capacitor to charge or discharge. The less resistance (a light bulb with a thicker filament) the faster the capacitor will charge or discharge. The more resistance (a light bulb with a thin filament) the longer it will take the capacitor to charge or discharge. The thicker filament bulb will be brighter, but won't last as long as a thin filament bulb. '''V = IR''', The larger the resistance the smaller the current.

===A Mathematical Model===

'''V = IR'''

'''E = (Q/A)/ε0'''

'''C = Q/V = ε0A/s'''

'''V = (Q/A)s/ε0'''

===A Computational Model===

[[File:Capacitor Charging.svg|Capacitor Charging]]

==Examples==

'''Question 1'''

Doubling the radius of the capacitor

A) quarters the capacitance

B) halves the capacitance

C) doubles the capacitance

D) quadruples the capacitance

Doubling the radius of the capacitor

A) quarters the electric field between the plates

B) halves the electric field between the plates

C) doubles the electric field between the plates

D) quadruples the electric field between the plates

Doubling the distance between the plates

A) quarters the capacitance

B) halves the capacitance

C) doubles the capacitance

D) quadruples the capacitance

Doubling the capacitance

A) quarters the electric field between the plates

B) halves the electric field between the plates

C) doubles the electric field between the plates

D) quadruples the electric field between the plates

ANS: D, B, A, C

'''Question 2'''

What is the current at points A,B, and C when the capacitor is not yet charged and when the capacitor is fully charged?

When the capacitor is fully charged what is the charge on the plates?

'''Question 3'''

The switch has been closed for a long time.

What is the current at each point?

What is the charge on the capacitor?

Is the light bulb lit?

The switch is opened.

Immediately after the switch is opened is the bulb lit? After a while?

What current is initially running through the bulb?

Which direction is the current moving?

==Connectedness==

Capacitor can be temporary batteries. Capacitors in parallel can continue to supply current to the circuit if the battery runs out. This is interesting because the capacitor gets its charge from being connected to a chemical battery, but the capacitor itself supplies voltage without chemicals.

Capacitors are being researched for applications in electromagnetic armour and electromagnetic weapons. Currently capacitors are used as detonators in nuclear weapons. Capacitors also are largely involved in separations of AC and DC components.

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.
In 1745 Ewald Georg von Kleist was the first to "discover" capacitors in Germany. He connected a generator to glass jars of water and charged them. When he touched the wire they were connected to he shocked himself (discharged the capacitor). At the same time Pieter van Musschenbroek made a similar capacitor and named it the Leyden Jar. When Benjamin Franklin studied the Leyden Jar he determined, among other things, that the charge was stored on the glass. During his studies Franklin was the first to give the capacitor the name battery. Since then batteries have most often been electro-chemical cells of capacitors made of sheets of conducting and dielectric material.

== See also ==
===Further reading===
#Williams, Henry Smith. "A History of Science Volume II, Part VI: The Leyden Jar Discovered"
#Keithley, Joseph F. (1999). The Story of Electrical and Magnetic Measurements: From 500 BC to the 1940s

===External links===

#Wikipedia Page "Capacitor"[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor]
#Khan Academy[https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/circuits-topic]

==References==

#Chabay, Ruth W., and Bruce A. Sherwood. Matter and Interactions. 3rd ed. Vol. 2. N.p.: John Wiley and Sons, 2002. Print.
#"Capacitor." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 05 Dec. 2015.

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Charging and Discharging a Capacitor

2015-12-05T21:11:23Z

SHoward: /* Examples */

Claimed by SHoward

The main purpose of having a capacitor in a circuit is to store electric charge. For intro physics you can almost think of them as a battery.

==The Main Idea==

'''Discharging a Capacitor'''

A circuit with a charged capacitor has an electric fringe field inside the wire. This field creates an electron current. The electron current will move opposite the direction of the electric field. However, so long as the electron current is running, the capacitor is being discharged. The electron current is moving negative charges away from the negatively charged plate and towards the positively charged plate. Once the charges even out or are neutralized the electric field will cease to exist. Therefore the current stops running.

In the example where the charged capacitor is connected to a light bulb you can see the electric field is large in the beginning but decreases over time. The electron current is also greater in the beginning and decreases over time. Because of this the light bulb starts out shining brightly but slowly dims and goes out.

'''Charging a Capacitor'''

Charging a capacitor isn’t much more difficult than discharging and the same principles still apply. The circuit consists of two batteries, a light bulb, and a capacitor. Essentially, the electron current from the batteries will continue to run until the circuit reaches equilibrium (the capacitor is “full”). Just like when discharging, the bulb starts out bright while the electron current is running, but it slowly dims and goes out as the capacitor charges.

The electron current will flow out the negative end of the battery as usual (conventional current will exit the positive end). Positive charges begin to build up on the right plate and negative charges on the left. The electric field slowly decreases until the net electric field is 0. The fringe field is equal and opposite to the electric field caused by everything else.

If you were to draw a box around the capacitor and label it with positive and negative ends it would look like a battery. It also behaves like a battery. The electron current will continue to flow and the electric field will continue to exist until the potential difference across the capacitor is equal to that of the batteries (sum of emf of all batteries in the circuit).

'''Resistors'''

The amount of resistance in the circuit will determine how long it takes a capacitor to charge or discharge. The less resistance (a light bulb with a thicker filament) the faster the capacitor will charge or discharge. The more resistance (a light bulb with a thin filament) the longer it will take the capacitor to charge or discharge. The thicker filament bulb will be brighter, but won't last as long as a thin filament bulb. '''V = IR''', The larger the resistance the smaller the current.

===A Mathematical Model===

What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example <math>{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}</math> where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.

===A Computational Model===

[[File:Capacitor Charging.svg|Capacitor Charging]]

==Examples==

'''Question 1'''

Doubling the radius of the capacitor

A) quarters the capacitance

B) halves the capacitance

C) doubles the capacitance

D) quadruples the capacitance

Doubling the radius of the capacitor

A) quarters the electric field between the plates

B) halves the electric field between the plates

C) doubles the electric field between the plates

D) quadruples the electric field between the plates

Doubling the distance between the plates

A) quarters the capacitance

B) halves the capacitance

C) doubles the capacitance

D) quadruples the capacitance

Doubling the capacitance

A) quarters the electric field between the plates

B) halves the electric field between the plates

C) doubles the electric field between the plates

D) quadruples the electric field between the plates

ANS: D, B, A, C

'''Question 2'''

What is the current at points A,B, and C when the capacitor is not yet charged and when the capacitor is fully charged?

When the capacitor is fully charged what is the charge on the plates?

'''Question 3'''

The switch has been closed for a long time.

What is the current at each point?

What is the charge on the capacitor?

Is the light bulb lit?

The switch is opened.

Immediately after the switch is opened is the bulb lit? After a while?

What current is initially running through the bulb?

Which direction is the current moving?

==Connectedness==

Capacitor can be temporary batteries. Capacitors in parallel can continue to supply current to the circuit if the battery runs out. This is interesting because the capacitor gets its charge from being connected to a chemical battery, but the capacitor itself supplies voltage without chemicals.

Capacitors are being researched for applications in electromagnetic armour and electromagnetic weapons. Currently capacitors are used as detonators in nuclear weapons. Capacitors also are largely involved in separations of AC and DC components.

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.
In 1745 Ewald Georg von Kleist was the first to "discover" capacitors in Germany. He connected a generator to glass jars of water and charged them. When he touched the wire they were connected to he shocked himself (discharged the capacitor). At the same time Pieter van Musschenbroek made a similar capacitor and named it the Leyden Jar. When Benjamin Franklin studied the Leyden Jar he determined, among other things, that the charge was stored on the glass. During his studies Franklin was the first to give the capacitor the name battery. Since then batteries have most often been electro-chemical cells of capacitors made of sheets of conducting and dielectric material.

== See also ==
===Further reading===
#Williams, Henry Smith. "A History of Science Volume II, Part VI: The Leyden Jar Discovered"
#Keithley, Joseph F. (1999). The Story of Electrical and Magnetic Measurements: From 500 BC to the 1940s

===External links===

#Wikipedia Page "Capacitor"[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor]
#Khan Academy[https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/circuits-topic]

==References==

#Chabay, Ruth W., and Bruce A. Sherwood. Matter and Interactions. 3rd ed. Vol. 2. N.p.: John Wiley and Sons, 2002. Print.
#"Capacitor." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 05 Dec. 2015.

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Charging and Discharging a Capacitor

2015-12-05T21:10:27Z

SHoward: /* Examples */

Claimed by SHoward

The main purpose of having a capacitor in a circuit is to store electric charge. For intro physics you can almost think of them as a battery.

==The Main Idea==

'''Discharging a Capacitor'''

A circuit with a charged capacitor has an electric fringe field inside the wire. This field creates an electron current. The electron current will move opposite the direction of the electric field. However, so long as the electron current is running, the capacitor is being discharged. The electron current is moving negative charges away from the negatively charged plate and towards the positively charged plate. Once the charges even out or are neutralized the electric field will cease to exist. Therefore the current stops running.

In the example where the charged capacitor is connected to a light bulb you can see the electric field is large in the beginning but decreases over time. The electron current is also greater in the beginning and decreases over time. Because of this the light bulb starts out shining brightly but slowly dims and goes out.

'''Charging a Capacitor'''

Charging a capacitor isn’t much more difficult than discharging and the same principles still apply. The circuit consists of two batteries, a light bulb, and a capacitor. Essentially, the electron current from the batteries will continue to run until the circuit reaches equilibrium (the capacitor is “full”). Just like when discharging, the bulb starts out bright while the electron current is running, but it slowly dims and goes out as the capacitor charges.

The electron current will flow out the negative end of the battery as usual (conventional current will exit the positive end). Positive charges begin to build up on the right plate and negative charges on the left. The electric field slowly decreases until the net electric field is 0. The fringe field is equal and opposite to the electric field caused by everything else.

If you were to draw a box around the capacitor and label it with positive and negative ends it would look like a battery. It also behaves like a battery. The electron current will continue to flow and the electric field will continue to exist until the potential difference across the capacitor is equal to that of the batteries (sum of emf of all batteries in the circuit).

'''Resistors'''

The amount of resistance in the circuit will determine how long it takes a capacitor to charge or discharge. The less resistance (a light bulb with a thicker filament) the faster the capacitor will charge or discharge. The more resistance (a light bulb with a thin filament) the longer it will take the capacitor to charge or discharge. The thicker filament bulb will be brighter, but won't last as long as a thin filament bulb. '''V = IR''', The larger the resistance the smaller the current.

===A Mathematical Model===

What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example <math>{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}</math> where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.

===A Computational Model===

[[File:Capacitor Charging.svg|Capacitor Charging]]

==Examples==

'''Question 1'''

Doubling the radius of the capacitor

A) quarters the capacitance

B) halves the capacitance

C) doubles the capacitance

D) quadruples the capacitance

Doubling the radius of the capacitor

A) quarters the electric field between the plates

B) halves the electric field between the plates

C) doubles the electric field between the plates

D) quadruples the electric field between the plates

Doubling the distance between the plates

A) quarters the capacitance

B) halves the capacitance

C) doubles the capacitance

D) quadruples the capacitance

Doubling the capacitance

A) quarters the electric field between the plates

B) halves the electric field between the plates

C) doubles the electric field between the plates

D) quadruples the electric field between the plates

ANS: D, B, A, C

'''Question 2'''

What is the current at points A,B, and C when the capacitor is not yet charged and when the capacitor is fully charged?

When the capacitor is fully charged what is the charge on the plates?

'''Question 3'''

The switch has been closed for a long time.

What is the current at each point?

What is the charge on the capacitor?

Is the light bulb lit?

The switch is opened

Immediately after the switch is opened is the bulb lit? After a while?

What current is initially running through the bulb?

Which direction is the current moving?

==Connectedness==

Capacitor can be temporary batteries. Capacitors in parallel can continue to supply current to the circuit if the battery runs out. This is interesting because the capacitor gets its charge from being connected to a chemical battery, but the capacitor itself supplies voltage without chemicals.

Capacitors are being researched for applications in electromagnetic armour and electromagnetic weapons. Currently capacitors are used as detonators in nuclear weapons. Capacitors also are largely involved in separations of AC and DC components.

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.
In 1745 Ewald Georg von Kleist was the first to "discover" capacitors in Germany. He connected a generator to glass jars of water and charged them. When he touched the wire they were connected to he shocked himself (discharged the capacitor). At the same time Pieter van Musschenbroek made a similar capacitor and named it the Leyden Jar. When Benjamin Franklin studied the Leyden Jar he determined, among other things, that the charge was stored on the glass. During his studies Franklin was the first to give the capacitor the name battery. Since then batteries have most often been electro-chemical cells of capacitors made of sheets of conducting and dielectric material.

== See also ==
===Further reading===
#Williams, Henry Smith. "A History of Science Volume II, Part VI: The Leyden Jar Discovered"
#Keithley, Joseph F. (1999). The Story of Electrical and Magnetic Measurements: From 500 BC to the 1940s

===External links===

#Wikipedia Page "Capacitor"[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor]
#Khan Academy[https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/circuits-topic]

==References==

#Chabay, Ruth W., and Bruce A. Sherwood. Matter and Interactions. 3rd ed. Vol. 2. N.p.: John Wiley and Sons, 2002. Print.
#"Capacitor." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 05 Dec. 2015.

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Charging and Discharging a Capacitor

2015-12-05T21:05:34Z

SHoward: /* Examples */

Claimed by SHoward

The main purpose of having a capacitor in a circuit is to store electric charge. For intro physics you can almost think of them as a battery.

==The Main Idea==

'''Discharging a Capacitor'''

A circuit with a charged capacitor has an electric fringe field inside the wire. This field creates an electron current. The electron current will move opposite the direction of the electric field. However, so long as the electron current is running, the capacitor is being discharged. The electron current is moving negative charges away from the negatively charged plate and towards the positively charged plate. Once the charges even out or are neutralized the electric field will cease to exist. Therefore the current stops running.

In the example where the charged capacitor is connected to a light bulb you can see the electric field is large in the beginning but decreases over time. The electron current is also greater in the beginning and decreases over time. Because of this the light bulb starts out shining brightly but slowly dims and goes out.

'''Charging a Capacitor'''

Charging a capacitor isn’t much more difficult than discharging and the same principles still apply. The circuit consists of two batteries, a light bulb, and a capacitor. Essentially, the electron current from the batteries will continue to run until the circuit reaches equilibrium (the capacitor is “full”). Just like when discharging, the bulb starts out bright while the electron current is running, but it slowly dims and goes out as the capacitor charges.

The electron current will flow out the negative end of the battery as usual (conventional current will exit the positive end). Positive charges begin to build up on the right plate and negative charges on the left. The electric field slowly decreases until the net electric field is 0. The fringe field is equal and opposite to the electric field caused by everything else.

If you were to draw a box around the capacitor and label it with positive and negative ends it would look like a battery. It also behaves like a battery. The electron current will continue to flow and the electric field will continue to exist until the potential difference across the capacitor is equal to that of the batteries (sum of emf of all batteries in the circuit).

'''Resistors'''

The amount of resistance in the circuit will determine how long it takes a capacitor to charge or discharge. The less resistance (a light bulb with a thicker filament) the faster the capacitor will charge or discharge. The more resistance (a light bulb with a thin filament) the longer it will take the capacitor to charge or discharge. The thicker filament bulb will be brighter, but won't last as long as a thin filament bulb. '''V = IR''', The larger the resistance the smaller the current.

===A Mathematical Model===

What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example <math>{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}</math> where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.

===A Computational Model===

[[File:Capacitor Charging.svg|Capacitor Charging]]

==Examples==

'''#Doubling the radius of the capacitor'''

A) quarters the capacitance

B) halves the capacitance

C) doubles the capacitance

D) quadruples the capacitance

Doubling the radius of the capacitor

A) quarters the electric field between the plates

B) halves the electric field between the plates

C) doubles the electric field between the plates

D) quadruples the electric field between the plates

Doubling the distance between the plates

A) quarters the capacitance

B) halves the capacitance

C) doubles the capacitance

D) quadruples the capacitance

Doubling the capacitance

A) quarters the electric field between the plates

B) halves the electric field between the plates

C) doubles the electric field between the plates

D) quadruples the electric field between the plates

ANS: D, B, A, C

'''#Using the image with the 3V battery'''
##What is the current at points A, B, and C?

==Connectedness==

Capacitor can be temporary batteries. Capacitors in parallel can continue to supply current to the circuit if the battery runs out. This is interesting because the capacitor gets its charge from being connected to a chemical battery, but the capacitor itself supplies voltage without chemicals.

Capacitors are being researched for applications in electromagnetic armour and electromagnetic weapons. Currently capacitors are used as detonators in nuclear weapons. Capacitors also are largely involved in separations of AC and DC components.

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.
In 1745 Ewald Georg von Kleist was the first to "discover" capacitors in Germany. He connected a generator to glass jars of water and charged them. When he touched the wire they were connected to he shocked himself (discharged the capacitor). At the same time Pieter van Musschenbroek made a similar capacitor and named it the Leyden Jar. When Benjamin Franklin studied the Leyden Jar he determined, among other things, that the charge was stored on the glass. During his studies Franklin was the first to give the capacitor the name battery. Since then batteries have most often been electro-chemical cells of capacitors made of sheets of conducting and dielectric material.

== See also ==
===Further reading===
#Williams, Henry Smith. "A History of Science Volume II, Part VI: The Leyden Jar Discovered"
#Keithley, Joseph F. (1999). The Story of Electrical and Magnetic Measurements: From 500 BC to the 1940s

===External links===

#Wikipedia Page "Capacitor"[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor]
#Khan Academy[https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/circuits-topic]

==References==

#Chabay, Ruth W., and Bruce A. Sherwood. Matter and Interactions. 3rd ed. Vol. 2. N.p.: John Wiley and Sons, 2002. Print.
#"Capacitor." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 05 Dec. 2015.

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Charging and Discharging a Capacitor

2015-12-05T21:04:28Z

SHoward: /* Examples */

Claimed by SHoward

The main purpose of having a capacitor in a circuit is to store electric charge. For intro physics you can almost think of them as a battery.

==The Main Idea==

'''Discharging a Capacitor'''

A circuit with a charged capacitor has an electric fringe field inside the wire. This field creates an electron current. The electron current will move opposite the direction of the electric field. However, so long as the electron current is running, the capacitor is being discharged. The electron current is moving negative charges away from the negatively charged plate and towards the positively charged plate. Once the charges even out or are neutralized the electric field will cease to exist. Therefore the current stops running.

In the example where the charged capacitor is connected to a light bulb you can see the electric field is large in the beginning but decreases over time. The electron current is also greater in the beginning and decreases over time. Because of this the light bulb starts out shining brightly but slowly dims and goes out.

'''Charging a Capacitor'''

Charging a capacitor isn’t much more difficult than discharging and the same principles still apply. The circuit consists of two batteries, a light bulb, and a capacitor. Essentially, the electron current from the batteries will continue to run until the circuit reaches equilibrium (the capacitor is “full”). Just like when discharging, the bulb starts out bright while the electron current is running, but it slowly dims and goes out as the capacitor charges.

The electron current will flow out the negative end of the battery as usual (conventional current will exit the positive end). Positive charges begin to build up on the right plate and negative charges on the left. The electric field slowly decreases until the net electric field is 0. The fringe field is equal and opposite to the electric field caused by everything else.

If you were to draw a box around the capacitor and label it with positive and negative ends it would look like a battery. It also behaves like a battery. The electron current will continue to flow and the electric field will continue to exist until the potential difference across the capacitor is equal to that of the batteries (sum of emf of all batteries in the circuit).

'''Resistors'''

The amount of resistance in the circuit will determine how long it takes a capacitor to charge or discharge. The less resistance (a light bulb with a thicker filament) the faster the capacitor will charge or discharge. The more resistance (a light bulb with a thin filament) the longer it will take the capacitor to charge or discharge. The thicker filament bulb will be brighter, but won't last as long as a thin filament bulb. '''V = IR''', The larger the resistance the smaller the current.

===A Mathematical Model===

What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example <math>{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}</math> where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.

===A Computational Model===

[[File:Capacitor Charging.svg|Capacitor Charging]]

==Examples==

#Doubling the radius of the capacitor

A) quarters the capacitance

B) halves the capacitance

C) doubles the capacitance

D) quadruples the capacitance

Doubling the radius of the capacitor

A) quarters the electric field between the plates

B) halves the electric field between the plates

C) doubles the electric field between the plates

D) quadruples the electric field between the plates

Doubling the distance between the plates

A) quarters the capacitance

B) halves the capacitance

C) doubles the capacitance

D) quadruples the capacitance

Doubling the capacitance

A) quarters the electric field between the plates

B) halves the electric field between the plates

C) doubles the electric field between the plates

D) quadruples the electric field between the plates

ANS: D, B, A, C

# Using the image with the 3V battery
##What is the current at points A, B, and C?

==Connectedness==

Capacitor can be temporary batteries. Capacitors in parallel can continue to supply current to the circuit if the battery runs out. This is interesting because the capacitor gets its charge from being connected to a chemical battery, but the capacitor itself supplies voltage without chemicals.

Capacitors are being researched for applications in electromagnetic armour and electromagnetic weapons. Currently capacitors are used as detonators in nuclear weapons. Capacitors also are largely involved in separations of AC and DC components.

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.
In 1745 Ewald Georg von Kleist was the first to "discover" capacitors in Germany. He connected a generator to glass jars of water and charged them. When he touched the wire they were connected to he shocked himself (discharged the capacitor). At the same time Pieter van Musschenbroek made a similar capacitor and named it the Leyden Jar. When Benjamin Franklin studied the Leyden Jar he determined, among other things, that the charge was stored on the glass. During his studies Franklin was the first to give the capacitor the name battery. Since then batteries have most often been electro-chemical cells of capacitors made of sheets of conducting and dielectric material.

== See also ==
===Further reading===
#Williams, Henry Smith. "A History of Science Volume II, Part VI: The Leyden Jar Discovered"
#Keithley, Joseph F. (1999). The Story of Electrical and Magnetic Measurements: From 500 BC to the 1940s

===External links===

#Wikipedia Page "Capacitor"[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor]
#Khan Academy[https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/circuits-topic]

==References==

#Chabay, Ruth W., and Bruce A. Sherwood. Matter and Interactions. 3rd ed. Vol. 2. N.p.: John Wiley and Sons, 2002. Print.
#"Capacitor." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 05 Dec. 2015.

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Charging and Discharging a Capacitor

2015-12-05T21:00:12Z

SHoward: /* Examples */

Claimed by SHoward

The main purpose of having a capacitor in a circuit is to store electric charge. For intro physics you can almost think of them as a battery.

==The Main Idea==

'''Discharging a Capacitor'''

A circuit with a charged capacitor has an electric fringe field inside the wire. This field creates an electron current. The electron current will move opposite the direction of the electric field. However, so long as the electron current is running, the capacitor is being discharged. The electron current is moving negative charges away from the negatively charged plate and towards the positively charged plate. Once the charges even out or are neutralized the electric field will cease to exist. Therefore the current stops running.

In the example where the charged capacitor is connected to a light bulb you can see the electric field is large in the beginning but decreases over time. The electron current is also greater in the beginning and decreases over time. Because of this the light bulb starts out shining brightly but slowly dims and goes out.

'''Charging a Capacitor'''

Charging a capacitor isn’t much more difficult than discharging and the same principles still apply. The circuit consists of two batteries, a light bulb, and a capacitor. Essentially, the electron current from the batteries will continue to run until the circuit reaches equilibrium (the capacitor is “full”). Just like when discharging, the bulb starts out bright while the electron current is running, but it slowly dims and goes out as the capacitor charges.

The electron current will flow out the negative end of the battery as usual (conventional current will exit the positive end). Positive charges begin to build up on the right plate and negative charges on the left. The electric field slowly decreases until the net electric field is 0. The fringe field is equal and opposite to the electric field caused by everything else.

If you were to draw a box around the capacitor and label it with positive and negative ends it would look like a battery. It also behaves like a battery. The electron current will continue to flow and the electric field will continue to exist until the potential difference across the capacitor is equal to that of the batteries (sum of emf of all batteries in the circuit).

'''Resistors'''

The amount of resistance in the circuit will determine how long it takes a capacitor to charge or discharge. The less resistance (a light bulb with a thicker filament) the faster the capacitor will charge or discharge. The more resistance (a light bulb with a thin filament) the longer it will take the capacitor to charge or discharge. The thicker filament bulb will be brighter, but won't last as long as a thin filament bulb. '''V = IR''', The larger the resistance the smaller the current.

===A Mathematical Model===

What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example <math>{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}</math> where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.

===A Computational Model===

[[File:Capacitor Charging.svg|Capacitor Charging]]

==Examples==

===Simple===
Doubling the radius of the capacitor
A) quarters the capacitance
B) halves the capacitance
C) doubles the capacitance
D) quadruples the capacitance

Doubling the radius of the capacitor

A) quarters the electric field between the plates

B) halves the electric field between the plates

C) doubles the electric field between the plates

D) quadruples the electric field between the plates

Doubling the distance between the plates

A) quarters the capacitance

B) halves the capacitance

C) doubles the capacitance

D) quadruples the capacitance

Doubling the capacitance

A) quarters the electric field between the plates

B) halves the electric field between the plates

C) doubles the electric field between the plates

D) quadruples the electric field between the plates

ANS: D, B, A, C

===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==

Capacitor can be temporary batteries. Capacitors in parallel can continue to supply current to the circuit if the battery runs out. This is interesting because the capacitor gets its charge from being connected to a chemical battery, but the capacitor itself supplies voltage without chemicals.

Capacitors are being researched for applications in electromagnetic armour and electromagnetic weapons. Currently capacitors are used as detonators in nuclear weapons. Capacitors also are largely involved in separations of AC and DC components.

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.
In 1745 Ewald Georg von Kleist was the first to "discover" capacitors in Germany. He connected a generator to glass jars of water and charged them. When he touched the wire they were connected to he shocked himself (discharged the capacitor). At the same time Pieter van Musschenbroek made a similar capacitor and named it the Leyden Jar. When Benjamin Franklin studied the Leyden Jar he determined, among other things, that the charge was stored on the glass. During his studies Franklin was the first to give the capacitor the name battery. Since then batteries have most often been electro-chemical cells of capacitors made of sheets of conducting and dielectric material.

== See also ==
===Further reading===
#Williams, Henry Smith. "A History of Science Volume II, Part VI: The Leyden Jar Discovered"
#Keithley, Joseph F. (1999). The Story of Electrical and Magnetic Measurements: From 500 BC to the 1940s

===External links===

#Wikipedia Page "Capacitor"[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor]
#Khan Academy[https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/circuits-topic]

==References==

#Chabay, Ruth W., and Bruce A. Sherwood. Matter and Interactions. 3rd ed. Vol. 2. N.p.: John Wiley and Sons, 2002. Print.
#"Capacitor." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 05 Dec. 2015.

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Charging and Discharging a Capacitor

2015-12-05T17:47:03Z

SHoward: /* The Main Idea */

Claimed by SHoward

The main purpose of having a capacitor in a circuit is to store electric charge. For intro physics you can almost think of them as a battery.

==The Main Idea==

'''Discharging a Capacitor'''

A circuit with a charged capacitor has an electric fringe field inside the wire. This field creates an electron current. The electron current will move opposite the direction of the electric field. However, so long as the electron current is running, the capacitor is being discharged. The electron current is moving negative charges away from the negatively charged plate and towards the positively charged plate. Once the charges even out or are neutralized the electric field will cease to exist. Therefore the current stops running.

In the example where the charged capacitor is connected to a light bulb you can see the electric field is large in the beginning but decreases over time. The electron current is also greater in the beginning and decreases over time. Because of this the light bulb starts out shining brightly but slowly dims and goes out.

'''Charging a Capacitor'''

Charging a capacitor isn’t much more difficult than discharging and the same principles still apply. The circuit consists of two batteries, a light bulb, and a capacitor. Essentially, the electron current from the batteries will continue to run until the circuit reaches equilibrium (the capacitor is “full”). Just like when discharging, the bulb starts out bright while the electron current is running, but it slowly dims and goes out as the capacitor charges.

The electron current will flow out the negative end of the battery as usual (conventional current will exit the positive end). Positive charges begin to build up on the right plate and negative charges on the left. The electric field slowly decreases until the net electric field is 0. The fringe field is equal and opposite to the electric field caused by everything else.

If you were to draw a box around the capacitor and label it with positive and negative ends it would look like a battery. It also behaves like a battery. The electron current will continue to flow and the electric field will continue to exist until the potential difference across the capacitor is equal to that of the batteries (sum of emf of all batteries in the circuit).

'''Resistors'''

The amount of resistance in the circuit will determine how long it takes a capacitor to charge or discharge. The less resistance (a light bulb with a thicker filament) the faster the capacitor will charge or discharge. The more resistance (a light bulb with a thin filament) the longer it will take the capacitor to charge or discharge. The thicker filament bulb will be brighter, but won't last as long as a thin filament bulb. '''V = IR''', The larger the resistance the smaller the current.

===A Mathematical Model===

What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example <math>{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}</math> where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.

===A Computational Model===

[[File:Capacitor Charging.svg|Capacitor Charging]]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==

Capacitor can be temporary batteries. Capacitors in parallel can continue to supply current to the circuit if the battery runs out. This is interesting because the capacitor gets its charge from being connected to a chemical battery, but the capacitor itself supplies voltage without chemicals.

Capacitors are being researched for applications in electromagnetic armour and electromagnetic weapons. Currently capacitors are used as detonators in nuclear weapons. Capacitors also are largely involved in separations of AC and DC components.

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.
In 1745 Ewald Georg von Kleist was the first to "discover" capacitors in Germany. He connected a generator to glass jars of water and charged them. When he touched the wire they were connected to he shocked himself (discharged the capacitor). At the same time Pieter van Musschenbroek made a similar capacitor and named it the Leyden Jar. When Benjamin Franklin studied the Leyden Jar he determined, among other things, that the charge was stored on the glass. During his studies Franklin was the first to give the capacitor the name battery. Since then batteries have most often been electro-chemical cells of capacitors made of sheets of conducting and dielectric material.

== See also ==
===Further reading===
#Williams, Henry Smith. "A History of Science Volume II, Part VI: The Leyden Jar Discovered"
#Keithley, Joseph F. (1999). The Story of Electrical and Magnetic Measurements: From 500 BC to the 1940s

===External links===

#Wikipedia Page "Capacitor"[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor]
#Khan Academy[https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/circuits-topic]

==References==

#Chabay, Ruth W., and Bruce A. Sherwood. Matter and Interactions. 3rd ed. Vol. 2. N.p.: John Wiley and Sons, 2002. Print.
#"Capacitor." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 05 Dec. 2015.

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Charging and Discharging a Capacitor

2015-12-05T17:45:41Z

SHoward: /* Further reading */

Claimed by SHoward

The main purpose of having a capacitor in a circuit is to store electric charge. For intro physics you can almost think of them as a battery.

==The Main Idea==

'''Discharging a Capacitor'''

A circuit with a charged capacitor has an electric fringe field inside the wire. This field creates an electron current. The electron current will move opposite the direction of the electric field. However, so long as the electron current is running, the capacitor is being discharged. The electron current is moving negative charges away from the negatively charged plate and towards the positively charged plate. Once the charges even out or are neutralized the electric field will cease to exist. Therefore the current stops running.

In the example where the charged capacitor is connected to a light bulb you can see the electric field is large in the beginning but decreases over time. The electron current is also greater in the beginning and decreases over time. Because of this the light bulb starts out shining brightly but slowly dims and goes out.

'''Charging a Capacitor'''

Charging a capacitor isn’t much more difficult than discharging and the same principles still apply. The circuit consists of two batteries, a light bulb, and a capacitor. Essentially, the electron current from the batteries will continue to run until the circuit reaches equilibrium (the capacitor is “full”). Just like when discharging, the bulb starts out bright while the electron current is running, but it slowly dims and goes out as the capacitor charges.

The electron current will flow out the negative end of the battery as usual (conventional current will exit the positive end). Positive charges begin to build up on the right plate and negative charges on the left. The electric field slowly decreases until the net electric field is 0. The fringe field is equal and opposite to the electric field caused by everything else.

If you were to draw a box around the capacitor and label it with positive and negative ends it would look like a battery. It also behaves like a battery. The electron current will continue to flow and the electric field will continue to exist until the potential difference across the capacitor is equal to that of the batteries (sum of emf of all batteries in the circuit).

'''Resistors'''

The amount of resistance in the circuit will determine how long it takes a capacitor to charge or discharge. The less resistance (a light bulb with a thicker filament) the faster the capacitor will charge or discharge. The more resistance (a light bulb with a thin filament) the longer it will take the capacitor to charge or discharge. The thicker filament bulb will be brighter, but won't last as long as a thin filament bulb. You can convince yourself of this by using '''V = IR'''. The larger the resistance the smaller the current.

===A Mathematical Model===

What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example <math>{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}</math> where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.

===A Computational Model===

[[File:Capacitor Charging.svg|Capacitor Charging]]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==

Capacitor can be temporary batteries. Capacitors in parallel can continue to supply current to the circuit if the battery runs out. This is interesting because the capacitor gets its charge from being connected to a chemical battery, but the capacitor itself supplies voltage without chemicals.

Capacitors are being researched for applications in electromagnetic armour and electromagnetic weapons. Currently capacitors are used as detonators in nuclear weapons. Capacitors also are largely involved in separations of AC and DC components.

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.
In 1745 Ewald Georg von Kleist was the first to "discover" capacitors in Germany. He connected a generator to glass jars of water and charged them. When he touched the wire they were connected to he shocked himself (discharged the capacitor). At the same time Pieter van Musschenbroek made a similar capacitor and named it the Leyden Jar. When Benjamin Franklin studied the Leyden Jar he determined, among other things, that the charge was stored on the glass. During his studies Franklin was the first to give the capacitor the name battery. Since then batteries have most often been electro-chemical cells of capacitors made of sheets of conducting and dielectric material.

== See also ==
===Further reading===
#Williams, Henry Smith. "A History of Science Volume II, Part VI: The Leyden Jar Discovered"
#Keithley, Joseph F. (1999). The Story of Electrical and Magnetic Measurements: From 500 BC to the 1940s

===External links===

#Wikipedia Page "Capacitor"[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor]
#Khan Academy[https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/circuits-topic]

==References==

#Chabay, Ruth W., and Bruce A. Sherwood. Matter and Interactions. 3rd ed. Vol. 2. N.p.: John Wiley and Sons, 2002. Print.
#"Capacitor." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 05 Dec. 2015.

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Charging and Discharging a Capacitor

2015-12-05T17:45:05Z

SHoward: /* External links */

Claimed by SHoward

The main purpose of having a capacitor in a circuit is to store electric charge. For intro physics you can almost think of them as a battery.

==The Main Idea==

'''Discharging a Capacitor'''

A circuit with a charged capacitor has an electric fringe field inside the wire. This field creates an electron current. The electron current will move opposite the direction of the electric field. However, so long as the electron current is running, the capacitor is being discharged. The electron current is moving negative charges away from the negatively charged plate and towards the positively charged plate. Once the charges even out or are neutralized the electric field will cease to exist. Therefore the current stops running.

In the example where the charged capacitor is connected to a light bulb you can see the electric field is large in the beginning but decreases over time. The electron current is also greater in the beginning and decreases over time. Because of this the light bulb starts out shining brightly but slowly dims and goes out.

'''Charging a Capacitor'''

Charging a capacitor isn’t much more difficult than discharging and the same principles still apply. The circuit consists of two batteries, a light bulb, and a capacitor. Essentially, the electron current from the batteries will continue to run until the circuit reaches equilibrium (the capacitor is “full”). Just like when discharging, the bulb starts out bright while the electron current is running, but it slowly dims and goes out as the capacitor charges.

The electron current will flow out the negative end of the battery as usual (conventional current will exit the positive end). Positive charges begin to build up on the right plate and negative charges on the left. The electric field slowly decreases until the net electric field is 0. The fringe field is equal and opposite to the electric field caused by everything else.

If you were to draw a box around the capacitor and label it with positive and negative ends it would look like a battery. It also behaves like a battery. The electron current will continue to flow and the electric field will continue to exist until the potential difference across the capacitor is equal to that of the batteries (sum of emf of all batteries in the circuit).

'''Resistors'''

The amount of resistance in the circuit will determine how long it takes a capacitor to charge or discharge. The less resistance (a light bulb with a thicker filament) the faster the capacitor will charge or discharge. The more resistance (a light bulb with a thin filament) the longer it will take the capacitor to charge or discharge. The thicker filament bulb will be brighter, but won't last as long as a thin filament bulb. You can convince yourself of this by using '''V = IR'''. The larger the resistance the smaller the current.

===A Mathematical Model===

What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example <math>{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}</math> where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.

===A Computational Model===

[[File:Capacitor Charging.svg|Capacitor Charging]]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==

Capacitor can be temporary batteries. Capacitors in parallel can continue to supply current to the circuit if the battery runs out. This is interesting because the capacitor gets its charge from being connected to a chemical battery, but the capacitor itself supplies voltage without chemicals.

Capacitors are being researched for applications in electromagnetic armour and electromagnetic weapons. Currently capacitors are used as detonators in nuclear weapons. Capacitors also are largely involved in separations of AC and DC components.

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.
In 1745 Ewald Georg von Kleist was the first to "discover" capacitors in Germany. He connected a generator to glass jars of water and charged them. When he touched the wire they were connected to he shocked himself (discharged the capacitor). At the same time Pieter van Musschenbroek made a similar capacitor and named it the Leyden Jar. When Benjamin Franklin studied the Leyden Jar he determined, among other things, that the charge was stored on the glass. During his studies Franklin was the first to give the capacitor the name battery. Since then batteries have most often been electro-chemical cells of capacitors made of sheets of conducting and dielectric material.

== See also ==
===Further reading===
Williams, Henry Smith. "A History of Science Volume II, Part VI: The Leyden Jar Discovered"
Keithley, Joseph F. (1999). The Story of Electrical and Magnetic Measurements: From 500 BC to the 1940s

===External links===

#Wikipedia Page "Capacitor"[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor]
#Khan Academy[https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/circuits-topic]

==References==

#Chabay, Ruth W., and Bruce A. Sherwood. Matter and Interactions. 3rd ed. Vol. 2. N.p.: John Wiley and Sons, 2002. Print.
#"Capacitor." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 05 Dec. 2015.

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Charging and Discharging a Capacitor

2015-12-05T17:43:33Z

SHoward: /* See also */

Claimed by SHoward

The main purpose of having a capacitor in a circuit is to store electric charge. For intro physics you can almost think of them as a battery.

==The Main Idea==

'''Discharging a Capacitor'''

A circuit with a charged capacitor has an electric fringe field inside the wire. This field creates an electron current. The electron current will move opposite the direction of the electric field. However, so long as the electron current is running, the capacitor is being discharged. The electron current is moving negative charges away from the negatively charged plate and towards the positively charged plate. Once the charges even out or are neutralized the electric field will cease to exist. Therefore the current stops running.

In the example where the charged capacitor is connected to a light bulb you can see the electric field is large in the beginning but decreases over time. The electron current is also greater in the beginning and decreases over time. Because of this the light bulb starts out shining brightly but slowly dims and goes out.

'''Charging a Capacitor'''

Charging a capacitor isn’t much more difficult than discharging and the same principles still apply. The circuit consists of two batteries, a light bulb, and a capacitor. Essentially, the electron current from the batteries will continue to run until the circuit reaches equilibrium (the capacitor is “full”). Just like when discharging, the bulb starts out bright while the electron current is running, but it slowly dims and goes out as the capacitor charges.

The electron current will flow out the negative end of the battery as usual (conventional current will exit the positive end). Positive charges begin to build up on the right plate and negative charges on the left. The electric field slowly decreases until the net electric field is 0. The fringe field is equal and opposite to the electric field caused by everything else.

If you were to draw a box around the capacitor and label it with positive and negative ends it would look like a battery. It also behaves like a battery. The electron current will continue to flow and the electric field will continue to exist until the potential difference across the capacitor is equal to that of the batteries (sum of emf of all batteries in the circuit).

'''Resistors'''

The amount of resistance in the circuit will determine how long it takes a capacitor to charge or discharge. The less resistance (a light bulb with a thicker filament) the faster the capacitor will charge or discharge. The more resistance (a light bulb with a thin filament) the longer it will take the capacitor to charge or discharge. The thicker filament bulb will be brighter, but won't last as long as a thin filament bulb. You can convince yourself of this by using '''V = IR'''. The larger the resistance the smaller the current.

===A Mathematical Model===

What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example <math>{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}</math> where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.

===A Computational Model===

[[File:Capacitor Charging.svg|Capacitor Charging]]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==

Capacitor can be temporary batteries. Capacitors in parallel can continue to supply current to the circuit if the battery runs out. This is interesting because the capacitor gets its charge from being connected to a chemical battery, but the capacitor itself supplies voltage without chemicals.

Capacitors are being researched for applications in electromagnetic armour and electromagnetic weapons. Currently capacitors are used as detonators in nuclear weapons. Capacitors also are largely involved in separations of AC and DC components.

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.
In 1745 Ewald Georg von Kleist was the first to "discover" capacitors in Germany. He connected a generator to glass jars of water and charged them. When he touched the wire they were connected to he shocked himself (discharged the capacitor). At the same time Pieter van Musschenbroek made a similar capacitor and named it the Leyden Jar. When Benjamin Franklin studied the Leyden Jar he determined, among other things, that the charge was stored on the glass. During his studies Franklin was the first to give the capacitor the name battery. Since then batteries have most often been electro-chemical cells of capacitors made of sheets of conducting and dielectric material.

== See also ==
===Further reading===
Williams, Henry Smith. "A History of Science Volume II, Part VI: The Leyden Jar Discovered"
Keithley, Joseph F. (1999). The Story of Electrical and Magnetic Measurements: From 500 BC to the 1940s

===External links===

[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacitor]
[https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/circuits-topic]

==References==

#Chabay, Ruth W., and Bruce A. Sherwood. Matter and Interactions. 3rd ed. Vol. 2. N.p.: John Wiley and Sons, 2002. Print.
#"Capacitor." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 05 Dec. 2015.

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Charging and Discharging a Capacitor

2015-12-05T17:40:02Z

SHoward: /* References */

Claimed by SHoward

The main purpose of having a capacitor in a circuit is to store electric charge. For intro physics you can almost think of them as a battery.

==The Main Idea==

'''Discharging a Capacitor'''

A circuit with a charged capacitor has an electric fringe field inside the wire. This field creates an electron current. The electron current will move opposite the direction of the electric field. However, so long as the electron current is running, the capacitor is being discharged. The electron current is moving negative charges away from the negatively charged plate and towards the positively charged plate. Once the charges even out or are neutralized the electric field will cease to exist. Therefore the current stops running.

In the example where the charged capacitor is connected to a light bulb you can see the electric field is large in the beginning but decreases over time. The electron current is also greater in the beginning and decreases over time. Because of this the light bulb starts out shining brightly but slowly dims and goes out.

'''Charging a Capacitor'''

Charging a capacitor isn’t much more difficult than discharging and the same principles still apply. The circuit consists of two batteries, a light bulb, and a capacitor. Essentially, the electron current from the batteries will continue to run until the circuit reaches equilibrium (the capacitor is “full”). Just like when discharging, the bulb starts out bright while the electron current is running, but it slowly dims and goes out as the capacitor charges.

The electron current will flow out the negative end of the battery as usual (conventional current will exit the positive end). Positive charges begin to build up on the right plate and negative charges on the left. The electric field slowly decreases until the net electric field is 0. The fringe field is equal and opposite to the electric field caused by everything else.

If you were to draw a box around the capacitor and label it with positive and negative ends it would look like a battery. It also behaves like a battery. The electron current will continue to flow and the electric field will continue to exist until the potential difference across the capacitor is equal to that of the batteries (sum of emf of all batteries in the circuit).

'''Resistors'''

The amount of resistance in the circuit will determine how long it takes a capacitor to charge or discharge. The less resistance (a light bulb with a thicker filament) the faster the capacitor will charge or discharge. The more resistance (a light bulb with a thin filament) the longer it will take the capacitor to charge or discharge. The thicker filament bulb will be brighter, but won't last as long as a thin filament bulb. You can convince yourself of this by using '''V = IR'''. The larger the resistance the smaller the current.

===A Mathematical Model===

What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example <math>{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}</math> where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.

===A Computational Model===

[[File:Capacitor Charging.svg|Capacitor Charging]]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==

Capacitor can be temporary batteries. Capacitors in parallel can continue to supply current to the circuit if the battery runs out. This is interesting because the capacitor gets its charge from being connected to a chemical battery, but the capacitor itself supplies voltage without chemicals.

Capacitors are being researched for applications in electromagnetic armour and electromagnetic weapons. Currently capacitors are used as detonators in nuclear weapons. Capacitors also are largely involved in separations of AC and DC components.

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.
In 1745 Ewald Georg von Kleist was the first to "discover" capacitors in Germany. He connected a generator to glass jars of water and charged them. When he touched the wire they were connected to he shocked himself (discharged the capacitor). At the same time Pieter van Musschenbroek made a similar capacitor and named it the Leyden Jar. When Benjamin Franklin studied the Leyden Jar he determined, among other things, that the charge was stored on the glass. During his studies Franklin was the first to give the capacitor the name battery. Since then batteries have most often been electro-chemical cells of capacitors made of sheets of conducting and dielectric material.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

#Chabay, Ruth W., and Bruce A. Sherwood. Matter and Interactions. 3rd ed. Vol. 2. N.p.: John Wiley and Sons, 2002. Print.
#"Capacitor." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 05 Dec. 2015.

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Charging and Discharging a Capacitor

2015-12-05T17:38:46Z

SHoward: /* References */

Claimed by SHoward

The main purpose of having a capacitor in a circuit is to store electric charge. For intro physics you can almost think of them as a battery.

==The Main Idea==

'''Discharging a Capacitor'''

A circuit with a charged capacitor has an electric fringe field inside the wire. This field creates an electron current. The electron current will move opposite the direction of the electric field. However, so long as the electron current is running, the capacitor is being discharged. The electron current is moving negative charges away from the negatively charged plate and towards the positively charged plate. Once the charges even out or are neutralized the electric field will cease to exist. Therefore the current stops running.

In the example where the charged capacitor is connected to a light bulb you can see the electric field is large in the beginning but decreases over time. The electron current is also greater in the beginning and decreases over time. Because of this the light bulb starts out shining brightly but slowly dims and goes out.

'''Charging a Capacitor'''

Charging a capacitor isn’t much more difficult than discharging and the same principles still apply. The circuit consists of two batteries, a light bulb, and a capacitor. Essentially, the electron current from the batteries will continue to run until the circuit reaches equilibrium (the capacitor is “full”). Just like when discharging, the bulb starts out bright while the electron current is running, but it slowly dims and goes out as the capacitor charges.

The electron current will flow out the negative end of the battery as usual (conventional current will exit the positive end). Positive charges begin to build up on the right plate and negative charges on the left. The electric field slowly decreases until the net electric field is 0. The fringe field is equal and opposite to the electric field caused by everything else.

If you were to draw a box around the capacitor and label it with positive and negative ends it would look like a battery. It also behaves like a battery. The electron current will continue to flow and the electric field will continue to exist until the potential difference across the capacitor is equal to that of the batteries (sum of emf of all batteries in the circuit).

'''Resistors'''

The amount of resistance in the circuit will determine how long it takes a capacitor to charge or discharge. The less resistance (a light bulb with a thicker filament) the faster the capacitor will charge or discharge. The more resistance (a light bulb with a thin filament) the longer it will take the capacitor to charge or discharge. The thicker filament bulb will be brighter, but won't last as long as a thin filament bulb. You can convince yourself of this by using '''V = IR'''. The larger the resistance the smaller the current.

===A Mathematical Model===

What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example <math>{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}</math> where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.

===A Computational Model===

[[File:Capacitor Charging.svg|Capacitor Charging]]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==

Capacitor can be temporary batteries. Capacitors in parallel can continue to supply current to the circuit if the battery runs out. This is interesting because the capacitor gets its charge from being connected to a chemical battery, but the capacitor itself supplies voltage without chemicals.

Capacitors are being researched for applications in electromagnetic armour and electromagnetic weapons. Currently capacitors are used as detonators in nuclear weapons. Capacitors also are largely involved in separations of AC and DC components.

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.
In 1745 Ewald Georg von Kleist was the first to "discover" capacitors in Germany. He connected a generator to glass jars of water and charged them. When he touched the wire they were connected to he shocked himself (discharged the capacitor). At the same time Pieter van Musschenbroek made a similar capacitor and named it the Leyden Jar. When Benjamin Franklin studied the Leyden Jar he determined, among other things, that the charge was stored on the glass. During his studies Franklin was the first to give the capacitor the name battery. Since then batteries have most often been electro-chemical cells of capacitors made of sheets of conducting and dielectric material.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page
#Chabay, Ruth W., and Bruce A. Sherwood. Matter and Interactions. 3rd ed. Vol. 2. N.p.: John Wiley and Sons, 2002. Print.
#"Capacitor." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 05 Dec. 2015.

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Charging and Discharging a Capacitor

2015-12-05T17:30:26Z

SHoward: /* History */

Claimed by SHoward

The main purpose of having a capacitor in a circuit is to store electric charge. For intro physics you can almost think of them as a battery.

==The Main Idea==

'''Discharging a Capacitor'''

A circuit with a charged capacitor has an electric fringe field inside the wire. This field creates an electron current. The electron current will move opposite the direction of the electric field. However, so long as the electron current is running, the capacitor is being discharged. The electron current is moving negative charges away from the negatively charged plate and towards the positively charged plate. Once the charges even out or are neutralized the electric field will cease to exist. Therefore the current stops running.

In the example where the charged capacitor is connected to a light bulb you can see the electric field is large in the beginning but decreases over time. The electron current is also greater in the beginning and decreases over time. Because of this the light bulb starts out shining brightly but slowly dims and goes out.

'''Charging a Capacitor'''

Charging a capacitor isn’t much more difficult than discharging and the same principles still apply. The circuit consists of two batteries, a light bulb, and a capacitor. Essentially, the electron current from the batteries will continue to run until the circuit reaches equilibrium (the capacitor is “full”). Just like when discharging, the bulb starts out bright while the electron current is running, but it slowly dims and goes out as the capacitor charges.

The electron current will flow out the negative end of the battery as usual (conventional current will exit the positive end). Positive charges begin to build up on the right plate and negative charges on the left. The electric field slowly decreases until the net electric field is 0. The fringe field is equal and opposite to the electric field caused by everything else.

If you were to draw a box around the capacitor and label it with positive and negative ends it would look like a battery. It also behaves like a battery. The electron current will continue to flow and the electric field will continue to exist until the potential difference across the capacitor is equal to that of the batteries (sum of emf of all batteries in the circuit).

'''Resistors'''

The amount of resistance in the circuit will determine how long it takes a capacitor to charge or discharge. The less resistance (a light bulb with a thicker filament) the faster the capacitor will charge or discharge. The more resistance (a light bulb with a thin filament) the longer it will take the capacitor to charge or discharge. The thicker filament bulb will be brighter, but won't last as long as a thin filament bulb. You can convince yourself of this by using '''V = IR'''. The larger the resistance the smaller the current.

===A Mathematical Model===

What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example <math>{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}</math> where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.

===A Computational Model===

[[File:Capacitor Charging.svg|Capacitor Charging]]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==

Capacitor can be temporary batteries. Capacitors in parallel can continue to supply current to the circuit if the battery runs out. This is interesting because the capacitor gets its charge from being connected to a chemical battery, but the capacitor itself supplies voltage without chemicals.

Capacitors are being researched for applications in electromagnetic armour and electromagnetic weapons. Currently capacitors are used as detonators in nuclear weapons. Capacitors also are largely involved in separations of AC and DC components.

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.
In 1745 Ewald Georg von Kleist was the first to "discover" capacitors in Germany. He connected a generator to glass jars of water and charged them. When he touched the wire they were connected to he shocked himself (discharged the capacitor). At the same time Pieter van Musschenbroek made a similar capacitor and named it the Leyden Jar. When Benjamin Franklin studied the Leyden Jar he determined, among other things, that the charge was stored on the glass. During his studies Franklin was the first to give the capacitor the name battery. Since then batteries have most often been electro-chemical cells of capacitors made of sheets of conducting and dielectric material.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Charging and Discharging a Capacitor

2015-12-05T17:20:43Z

SHoward: /* Connectedness */

Claimed by SHoward

The main purpose of having a capacitor in a circuit is to store electric charge. For intro physics you can almost think of them as a battery.

==The Main Idea==

'''Discharging a Capacitor'''

A circuit with a charged capacitor has an electric fringe field inside the wire. This field creates an electron current. The electron current will move opposite the direction of the electric field. However, so long as the electron current is running, the capacitor is being discharged. The electron current is moving negative charges away from the negatively charged plate and towards the positively charged plate. Once the charges even out or are neutralized the electric field will cease to exist. Therefore the current stops running.

In the example where the charged capacitor is connected to a light bulb you can see the electric field is large in the beginning but decreases over time. The electron current is also greater in the beginning and decreases over time. Because of this the light bulb starts out shining brightly but slowly dims and goes out.

'''Charging a Capacitor'''

Charging a capacitor isn’t much more difficult than discharging and the same principles still apply. The circuit consists of two batteries, a light bulb, and a capacitor. Essentially, the electron current from the batteries will continue to run until the circuit reaches equilibrium (the capacitor is “full”). Just like when discharging, the bulb starts out bright while the electron current is running, but it slowly dims and goes out as the capacitor charges.

The electron current will flow out the negative end of the battery as usual (conventional current will exit the positive end). Positive charges begin to build up on the right plate and negative charges on the left. The electric field slowly decreases until the net electric field is 0. The fringe field is equal and opposite to the electric field caused by everything else.

If you were to draw a box around the capacitor and label it with positive and negative ends it would look like a battery. It also behaves like a battery. The electron current will continue to flow and the electric field will continue to exist until the potential difference across the capacitor is equal to that of the batteries (sum of emf of all batteries in the circuit).

'''Resistors'''

The amount of resistance in the circuit will determine how long it takes a capacitor to charge or discharge. The less resistance (a light bulb with a thicker filament) the faster the capacitor will charge or discharge. The more resistance (a light bulb with a thin filament) the longer it will take the capacitor to charge or discharge. The thicker filament bulb will be brighter, but won't last as long as a thin filament bulb. You can convince yourself of this by using '''V = IR'''. The larger the resistance the smaller the current.

===A Mathematical Model===

What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example <math>{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}</math> where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.

===A Computational Model===

[[File:Capacitor Charging.svg|Capacitor Charging]]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==

Capacitor can be temporary batteries. Capacitors in parallel can continue to supply current to the circuit if the battery runs out. This is interesting because the capacitor gets its charge from being connected to a chemical battery, but the capacitor itself supplies voltage without chemicals.

Capacitors are being researched for applications in electromagnetic armour and electromagnetic weapons. Currently capacitors are used as detonators in nuclear weapons. Capacitors also are largely involved in separations of AC and DC components.

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Charging and Discharging a Capacitor

2015-12-05T16:53:34Z

SHoward: /* A Computational Model */

Claimed by SHoward

The main purpose of having a capacitor in a circuit is to store electric charge. For intro physics you can almost think of them as a battery.

==The Main Idea==

'''Discharging a Capacitor'''

A circuit with a charged capacitor has an electric fringe field inside the wire. This field creates an electron current. The electron current will move opposite the direction of the electric field. However, so long as the electron current is running, the capacitor is being discharged. The electron current is moving negative charges away from the negatively charged plate and towards the positively charged plate. Once the charges even out or are neutralized the electric field will cease to exist. Therefore the current stops running.

In the example where the charged capacitor is connected to a light bulb you can see the electric field is large in the beginning but decreases over time. The electron current is also greater in the beginning and decreases over time. Because of this the light bulb starts out shining brightly but slowly dims and goes out.

'''Charging a Capacitor'''

Charging a capacitor isn’t much more difficult than discharging and the same principles still apply. The circuit consists of two batteries, a light bulb, and a capacitor. Essentially, the electron current from the batteries will continue to run until the circuit reaches equilibrium (the capacitor is “full”). Just like when discharging, the bulb starts out bright while the electron current is running, but it slowly dims and goes out as the capacitor charges.

The electron current will flow out the negative end of the battery as usual (conventional current will exit the positive end). Positive charges begin to build up on the right plate and negative charges on the left. The electric field slowly decreases until the net electric field is 0. The fringe field is equal and opposite to the electric field caused by everything else.

If you were to draw a box around the capacitor and label it with positive and negative ends it would look like a battery. It also behaves like a battery. The electron current will continue to flow and the electric field will continue to exist until the potential difference across the capacitor is equal to that of the batteries (sum of emf of all batteries in the circuit).

'''Resistors'''

The amount of resistance in the circuit will determine how long it takes a capacitor to charge or discharge. The less resistance (a light bulb with a thicker filament) the faster the capacitor will charge or discharge. The more resistance (a light bulb with a thin filament) the longer it will take the capacitor to charge or discharge. The thicker filament bulb will be brighter, but won't last as long as a thin filament bulb. You can convince yourself of this by using '''V = IR'''. The larger the resistance the smaller the current.

===A Mathematical Model===

What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example <math>{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}</math> where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.

===A Computational Model===

[[File:Capacitor Charging.svg|Capacitor Charging]]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
#How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?
#How is it connected to your major?
#Is there an interesting industrial application?

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Charging and Discharging a Capacitor

2015-12-05T16:52:56Z

SHoward: /* A Computational Model */

Claimed by SHoward

The main purpose of having a capacitor in a circuit is to store electric charge. For intro physics you can almost think of them as a battery.

==The Main Idea==

'''Discharging a Capacitor'''

A circuit with a charged capacitor has an electric fringe field inside the wire. This field creates an electron current. The electron current will move opposite the direction of the electric field. However, so long as the electron current is running, the capacitor is being discharged. The electron current is moving negative charges away from the negatively charged plate and towards the positively charged plate. Once the charges even out or are neutralized the electric field will cease to exist. Therefore the current stops running.

In the example where the charged capacitor is connected to a light bulb you can see the electric field is large in the beginning but decreases over time. The electron current is also greater in the beginning and decreases over time. Because of this the light bulb starts out shining brightly but slowly dims and goes out.

'''Charging a Capacitor'''

Charging a capacitor isn’t much more difficult than discharging and the same principles still apply. The circuit consists of two batteries, a light bulb, and a capacitor. Essentially, the electron current from the batteries will continue to run until the circuit reaches equilibrium (the capacitor is “full”). Just like when discharging, the bulb starts out bright while the electron current is running, but it slowly dims and goes out as the capacitor charges.

The electron current will flow out the negative end of the battery as usual (conventional current will exit the positive end). Positive charges begin to build up on the right plate and negative charges on the left. The electric field slowly decreases until the net electric field is 0. The fringe field is equal and opposite to the electric field caused by everything else.

If you were to draw a box around the capacitor and label it with positive and negative ends it would look like a battery. It also behaves like a battery. The electron current will continue to flow and the electric field will continue to exist until the potential difference across the capacitor is equal to that of the batteries (sum of emf of all batteries in the circuit).

'''Resistors'''

The amount of resistance in the circuit will determine how long it takes a capacitor to charge or discharge. The less resistance (a light bulb with a thicker filament) the faster the capacitor will charge or discharge. The more resistance (a light bulb with a thin filament) the longer it will take the capacitor to charge or discharge. The thicker filament bulb will be brighter, but won't last as long as a thin filament bulb. You can convince yourself of this by using '''V = IR'''. The larger the resistance the smaller the current.

===A Mathematical Model===

What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example <math>{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}</math> where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.

===A Computational Model===

How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]

[[File:Capacitor Charging.svg|Capacitor Charging]]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
#How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?
#How is it connected to your major?
#Is there an interesting industrial application?

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Charging and Discharging a Capacitor

2015-12-01T20:47:16Z

SHoward:

Claimed by SHoward

The main purpose of having a capacitor in a circuit is to store electric charge. For intro physics you can almost think of them as a battery.

==The Main Idea==

'''Discharging a Capacitor'''

A circuit with a charged capacitor has an electric fringe field inside the wire. This field creates an electron current. The electron current will move opposite the direction of the electric field. However, so long as the electron current is running, the capacitor is being discharged. The electron current is moving negative charges away from the negatively charged plate and towards the positively charged plate. Once the charges even out or are neutralized the electric field will cease to exist. Therefore the current stops running.

In the example where the charged capacitor is connected to a light bulb you can see the electric field is large in the beginning but decreases over time. The electron current is also greater in the beginning and decreases over time. Because of this the light bulb starts out shining brightly but slowly dims and goes out.

'''Charging a Capacitor'''

Charging a capacitor isn’t much more difficult than discharging and the same principles still apply. The circuit consists of two batteries, a light bulb, and a capacitor. Essentially, the electron current from the batteries will continue to run until the circuit reaches equilibrium (the capacitor is “full”). Just like when discharging, the bulb starts out bright while the electron current is running, but it slowly dims and goes out as the capacitor charges.

The electron current will flow out the negative end of the battery as usual (conventional current will exit the positive end). Positive charges begin to build up on the right plate and negative charges on the left. The electric field slowly decreases until the net electric field is 0. The fringe field is equal and opposite to the electric field caused by everything else.

If you were to draw a box around the capacitor and label it with positive and negative ends it would look like a battery. It also behaves like a battery. The electron current will continue to flow and the electric field will continue to exist until the potential difference across the capacitor is equal to that of the batteries (sum of emf of all batteries in the circuit).

'''Resistors'''

The amount of resistance in the circuit will determine how long it takes a capacitor to charge or discharge. The less resistance (a light bulb with a thicker filament) the faster the capacitor will charge or discharge. The more resistance (a light bulb with a thin filament) the longer it will take the capacitor to charge or discharge. The thicker filament bulb will be brighter, but won't last as long as a thin filament bulb. You can convince yourself of this by using '''V = IR'''. The larger the resistance the smaller the current.

===A Mathematical Model===

What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example <math>{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}</math> where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.

===A Computational Model===

How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
#How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?
#How is it connected to your major?
#Is there an interesting industrial application?

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Charging and Discharging a Capacitor

2015-12-01T20:30:19Z

SHoward:

Claimed by SHoward

The main purpose of having a capacitor in a circuit is to store electric charge. For intro physics you can almost think of them as a battery.

==The Main Idea==

'''Discharging a Capacitor'''

A circuit with a charged capacitor has an electric fringe field inside the wire. This field creates an electron current. The electron current will move opposite the direction of the electric field. However, so long as the electron current is running, the capacitor is being discharged. The electron current is moving negative charges away from the negatively charged plate and towards the positively charged plate. Once the charges even out or are neutralized the electric field will cease to exist. Therefore the current stops running.

In the example where the charged capacitor is connected to a light bulb you can see the electric field is large in the beginning but decreases over time. The electron current is also greater in the beginning and decreases over time. Because of this the light bulb starts out shining brightly but slowly dims and goes out.

'''Charging a Capacitor'''

Charging a capacitor isn’t much more difficult than discharging and the same principles still apply. The circuit consists of two batteries, a light bulb, and a capacitor. Essentially, the electron current from the batteries will continue to run until the circuit reaches equilibrium (the capacitor is “full”). Just like when discharging, the bulb starts out bright while the electron current is running, but it slowly dims and goes out as the capacitor charges.

The electron current will flow out the negative end of the battery as usual (conventional current will exit the positive end). Positive charges begin to build up on the right plate and negative charges on the left. The electric field slowly decreases until the net electric field is 0. The fringe field is equal and opposite to the electric field caused by everything else.

If you were to draw a box around the capacitor and label it with positive and negative ends it would look like a battery. It also behaves like a battery. The electron current will continue to flow and the electric field will continue to exist until the potential difference across the capacitor is equal to that of the batteries (sum of emf of all batteries in the circuit).

===A Mathematical Model===

What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example <math>{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}</math> where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.

===A Computational Model===

How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
#How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?
#How is it connected to your major?
#Is there an interesting industrial application?

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Charging and Discharging a Capacitor

2015-12-01T20:27:17Z

SHoward:

Claimed by SHoward

Short Description of Topic

==The Main Idea==

'''Discharging a Capacitor'''

A circuit with a charged capacitor has an electric fringe field inside the wire. This field creates an electron current. The electron current will move opposite the direction of the electric field. However, so long as the electron current is running, the capacitor is being discharged. The electron current is moving negative charges away from the negatively charged plate and towards the positively charged plate. Once the charges even out or are neutralized the electric field will cease to exist. Therefore the current stops running.

In the example where the charged capacitor is connected to a light bulb you can see the electric field is large in the beginning but decreases over time. The electron current is also greater in the beginning and decreases over time. Because of this the light bulb starts out shining brightly but slowly dims and goes out.

'''Charging a Capacitor'''

Charging a capacitor isn’t much more difficult than discharging and the same principles still apply. The circuit consists of two batteries, a light bulb, and a capacitor. Essentially, the electron current from the batteries will continue to run until the circuit reaches equilibrium (the capacitor is “full”). Just like when discharging, the bulb starts out bright while the electron current is running, but it slowly dims and goes out as the capacitor charges.

The electron current will flow out the negative end of the battery as usual (conventional current will exit the positive end). Positive charges begin to build up on the right plate and negative charges on the left. The electric field slowly decreases until the net electric field is 0. The fringe field is equal and opposite to the electric field caused by everything else.

If you were to draw a box around the capacitor and label it with positive and negative ends it would look like a battery. It also behaves like a battery. The electron current will continue to flow and the electric field will continue to exist until the potential difference across the capacitor is equal to that of the batteries (sum of emf of all batteries in the circuit).

===A Mathematical Model===

What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example <math>{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}</math> where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.

===A Computational Model===

How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
#How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?
#How is it connected to your major?
#Is there an interesting industrial application?

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Charging and Discharging a Capacitor

2015-12-01T20:24:40Z

SHoward:

Claimed by SHoward

Short Description of Topic

==The Main Idea==

State, in your own words, the main idea for this topic
Electric Field of Capacitor

===A Mathematical Model===

What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example <math>{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}</math> where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.

===A Computational Model===

How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]

==Examples==

Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible

===Simple===
===Middling===
===Difficult===

==Connectedness==
#How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?
#How is it connected to your major?
#Is there an interesting industrial application?

==History==

Put this idea in historical context. Give the reader the Who, What, When, Where, and Why.

== See also ==

Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?

===Further reading===

Books, Articles or other print media on this topic

===External links===

Internet resources on this topic

==References==

This section contains the the references you used while writing this page

[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]

Charging and Discharging a Capacitor

2015-12-01T20:22:45Z

SHoward: Created page with "Claimed by SHoward"

Claimed by SHoward

Main Page

2015-12-01T20:22:05Z

SHoward: /* Simple Circuits */

__NOTOC__
Welcome to the Georgia Tech Wiki for Intro Physics. This resources was created so that students can contribute and curate content to help those with limited or no access to a textbook. When reading this website, please correct any errors you may come across. If you read something that isn't clear, please consider revising it!

Looking to make a contribution?
#Pick a specific topic from intro physics
#Add that topic, as a link to a new page, under the appropriate category listed below by editing this page.
#Copy and paste the default [[Template]] into your new page and start editing.

Please remember that this is not a textbook and you are not limited to expressing your ideas with only text and equations. Whenever possible embed: pictures, videos, diagrams, simulations, computational models (e.g. Glowscript), and whatever content you think makes learning physics easier for other students.

== Source Material ==
All of the content added to this resource must be in the public domain or similar free resource. If you are unsure about a source, contact the original author for permission. That said, there is a surprisingly large amount of introductory physics content scattered across the web. Here is an incomplete list of intro physics resources (please update as needed).
* A physics resource written by experts for an expert audience [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Physics Physics Portal]
* A wiki book on modern physics [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_Physics Modern Physics Wiki]
* The MIT open courseware for intro physics [http://ocw.mit.edu/resources/res-8-002-a-wikitextbook-for-introductory-mechanics-fall-2009/index.htm MITOCW Wiki]
* An online concept map of intro physics [http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/hph.html HyperPhysics]
* Interactive physics simulations [https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/category/physics PhET]
* OpenStax algebra based intro physics textbook [https://openstaxcollege.org/textbooks/college-physics College Physics]
* The Open Source Physics project is a collection of online physics resources [http://www.opensourcephysics.org/ OSP]
* A resource guide compiled by the [http://www.aapt.org/ AAPT] for educators [http://www.compadre.org/ ComPADRE]

== Organizing Categories ==
These are the broad, overarching categories, that we cover in two semester of introductory physics. You can add subcategories or make a new category as needed. A single topic should direct readers to a page in one of these catagories.

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
===Interactions===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Kinds of Matter]]
**[[Ball and Spring Model of Matter]]
*[[Detecting Interactions]]
*[[Fundamental Interactions]]
*[[System & Surroundings]]
*[[Newton's First Law of Motion]]
*[[Newton's Second Law of Motion]]
*[[Newton's Third Law of Motion]]
*[[Gravitational Force]]
*[[Electric Force]]
*[[Terminal Speed]]
*[[Simple Harmonic Motion]]
*[[Speed and Velocity]]
*[[Electric Polarization]]
*[[Perpetual Freefall (Orbit)]]

</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">

===Theory===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Einstein's Theory of Special Relativity]]
*[[Quantum Theory]]
*[[Big Bang Theory]]
*[[Maxwell's Electromagnetic Theory]]
*[[Atomic Theory]]
*[[Wave-Particle Duality]]

</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">

===Notable Scientists===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Christian Doppler]]
*[[Albert Einstein]]
*[[Ernest Rutherford]]
*[[Joseph Henry]]
*[[Michael Faraday]]
*[[J.J. Thomson]]
*[[James Maxwell]]
*[[Robert Hooke]]
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss]]
*[[Nikola Tesla]]
*[[Andre Marie Ampere]]
*[[Sir Isaac Newton]]
*[[J. Robert Oppenheimer]]
*[[Oliver Heaviside]]
*[[Rosalind Franklin]]
*[[Erwin Schrödinger]]
*[[Enrico Fermi]]
*[[Robert J. Van de Graaff]]
*[[Charles de Coulomb]]
*[[Hans Christian Ørsted]]
*[[Philo Farnsworth]]
*[[Niels Bohr]]
*[[Georg Ohm]]
*[[Galileo Galilei]]
*[[Gustav Kirchhoff]]
*[[Max Planck]]
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]
*[[Edwin Hall]]
*[[James Watt]]
*[[Count Alessandro Volta]]
*[[Josiah Willard Gibbs]]
*[[Richard Phillips Feynman]]
*[[Sir David Brewster]]
*[[Daniel Bernoulli]]
*[[William Thomson]]
*[[Leonhard Euler]]
*[[Robert Fox Bacher]]
*[[Stephen Hawking]]
*[[Amedeo Avogadro]]
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen]]
*[[Pierre Laplace]]
*[[Thomas Edison]]
*[[Hendrik Lorentz]]
*[[Jean-Baptiste Biot]]
*[[Lise Meitner]]
*[[Lisa Randall]]
*[[Felix Savart]]
*[[Heinrich Lenz]]
*[[Max Born]]
*[[Archimedes]]
*[[Jean Baptiste Biot]]
*[[Carl Sagan]]
*[[Eugene Wigner]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">

===Properties of Matter===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Mass]]
*[[Velocity]]
*[[Relative Velocity]]
*[[Density]]
*[[Charge]]
*[[Spin]]
*[[SI Units]]
*[[Heat Capacity]]
*[[Specific Heat]]
*[[Wavelength]]
*[[Conductivity]]
*[[Weight]]
*[[Boiling Point]]
*[[Melting Point]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">

===Contact Interactions===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[Young's Modulus]]
* [[Friction]]
* [[Tension]]
* [[Hooke's Law]]
*[[Centripetal Force and Curving Motion]]
*[[Compression or Normal Force]]
* [[Length and Stiffness of an Interatomic Bond]]
* [[Speed of Sound in a Solid]]
* [[Iterative Prediction of Spring-Mass System]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">

===Momentum===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[Vectors]]
* [[Kinematics]]
* [[Conservation of Momentum]]
* [[Predicting Change in multiple dimensions]]
* [[Momentum Principle]]
* [[Impulse Momentum]]
* [[Curving Motion]]
* [[Multi-particle Analysis of Momentum]]
* [[Iterative Prediction]]
* [[Newton's Laws and Linear Momentum]]
* [[Net Force]]
* [[Center of Mass]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">

===Angular Momentum===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[The Moments of Inertia]]
* [[Moment of Inertia for a ring]]
* [[Rotation]]
* [[Torque]]
* [[Systems with Zero Torque]]
* [[Systems with Nonzero Torque]]
* [[Right Hand Rule]]
* [[Angular Velocity]]
* [[Predicting the Position of a Rotating System]]
* [[Translational Angular Momentum]]
* [[The Angular Momentum Principle]]
* [[Rotational Angular Momentum]]
* [[Total Angular Momentum]]

</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">

===Energy===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[The Photoelectric Effect]]
*[[Photons]]
*[[The Energy Principle]]
*[[Predicting Change]]
*[[Rest Mass Energy]]
*[[Kinetic Energy]]
*[[Potential Energy]]
*[[Work]]
*[[Thermal Energy]]
*[[Conservation of Energy]]
*[[Electric Potential]]
*[[Energy Transfer due to a Temperature Difference]]
*[[Gravitational Potential Energy]]
*[[Point Particle Systems]]
*[[Real Systems]]
*[[Spring Potential Energy]]
**[[Ball and Spring Model]]
*[[Internal Energy]]
**[[Potential Energy of a Pair of Neutral Atoms]]
*[[Translational, Rotational and Vibrational Energy]]
*[[Franck-Hertz Experiment]]
*[[Power]]
*[[Energy Graphs]]
*[[Air Resistance]]
*[[Electronic Energy Levels]]
*[[Second Law of Thermodynamics and Entropy]]
*[[Specific Heat Capacity]]
*[[Electronic Energy Levels and Photons]]
*[[Energy Density]]
*[[Bohr Model]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">

===Collisions===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Collisions]]
*[[Maximally Inelastic Collision]]
*[[Elastic Collisions]]
*[[Inelastic Collisions]]
*[[Head-on Collision of Equal Masses]]
*[[Head-on Collision of Unequal Masses]]
*[[Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">

===Fields===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[Electric Field]] of a
** [[Point Charge]]
** [[Electric Dipole]]
** [[Capacitor]]
** [[Charged Rod]]
** [[Charged Ring]]
** [[Charged Disk]]
** [[Charged Spherical Shell]]
** [[Charged Cylinder]]
**[[A Solid Sphere Charged Throughout Its Volume]]
*[[Electric Potential]]
**[[Potential Difference Path Independence]]
**[[Potential Difference in a Uniform Field]]
**[[Potential Difference of point charge in a non-Uniform Field]]
**[[Sign of Potential Difference]]
**[[Potential Difference in an Insulator]]
**[[Energy Density and Electric Field]]
** [[Systems of Charged Objects]]
*[[Electric Force]]
*[[Polarization]]
*[[Charge Motion in Metals]]
*[[Charge Transfer]]
*[[Magnetic Field]]
**[[Right-Hand Rule]]
**[[Direction of Magnetic Field]]
**[[Magnetic Field of a Long Straight Wire]]
**[[Magnetic Field of a Loop]]
**[[Magnetic Field of a Solenoid]]
**[[Bar Magnet]]
**[[Magnetic Dipole Moment]]
**[[Magnetic Force]]
**[[Hall Effect]]
**[[Lorentz Force]]
**[[Biot-Savart Law]]
**[[Biot-Savart Law for Currents]]
**[[Integration Techniques for Magnetic Field]]
**[[Sparks in Air]]
**[[Motional Emf]]
**[[Detecting a Magnetic Field]]
**[[Moving Point Charge]]
**[[Non-Coulomb Electric Field]]
**[[Motors and Generators]]
**[[Solenoid Applications]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">

===Simple Circuits===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Components]]
*[[Steady State]]
*[[Non Steady State]]
*[[Charging and Discharging a Capacitor]]
*[[Thin and Thick Wires]]
*[[Node Rule]]
*[[Loop Rule]]
*[[Electrical Resistance]]
*[[Power in a circuit]]
*[[Ammeters,Voltmeters,Ohmmeters]]
*[[Current]]
*[[AC]]
*[[Ohm's Law]]
*[[Series Circuits]]
*[[RC]]
*[[Circular Loop of Wire]]
*[[RL Circuit]]
*[[LC Circuit]]
*[[Surface Charge Distributions]]
*[[Feedback]]
*[[Transformers]]
*[[Resistors and Conductivity]]
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">

===Maxwell's Equations===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Gauss's Flux Theorem]]
**[[Electric Fields]]
**[[Magnetic Fields]]
*[[Ampere's Law]]
**[[Magnetic Field of Coaxial Cable Using Ampere's Law]]
*[[Faraday's Law]]
**[[Curly Electric Fields]]
**[[Inductance]]
***[[Transformers]]
***[[Energy Density]]
**[[Lenz's Law]]
***[[Lenz Effect and the Jumping Ring]]
**[[Motional Emf using Faraday's Law]]
*[[Ampere-Maxwell Law]]
*[[Superconductors]]
**[[Meissner effect]]
</div>
</div>

<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">

===Radiation===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Producing a Radiative Electric Field]]
*[[Sinusoidal Electromagnetic Radiaton]]
*[[Lenses]]
*[[Energy and Momentum Analysis in Radiation]]
*[[Electromagnetic Propagation]]
**[[Wavelength and Frequency]]
*[[Snell's Law]]
*[[Light Propagation Through a Medium]]
*[[Light Scaterring: Why is the Sky Blue]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">

===Sound===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Doppler Effect]]
*[[Nature, Behavior, and Properties of Sound]]
*[[Resonance]]
*[[Sound Barrier]]
</div>
</div>
*[[blahb]]
</div>
</div>

== Resources ==
* Commonly used wiki commands [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Cheatsheet Wiki Cheatsheet]
* A guide to representing equations in math mode [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula Wiki Math Mode]
* A page to keep track of all the physics [[Constants]]
* An overview of [[VPython]]