Supersymmetry: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 22:12, 27 November 2016

Supersymmetry is the postulated existence of one-to-one correspondence between fundamental fermions and fundamental bosons as predicted by string theory. This proposed symmetry has not been observed, but could hold true at higher energies than presently observable. [2] [3] Supersymmetry acts as an expansion of the standard model of particle physics. The discovery of the higgs boson in 2012 completed the standard model, but it still leaves some questions unanswered. Supersymmetry aims to fill gaps left by the standard model and explain the phenomena of particle interactions. [1]

Implications

Supersymmetry would more than double the number of standard model particles because it requires each known particle, as well as a few undiscovered ones, to have a superpartner (shown in the outer ring of the diagram below). Supersymmetry may provide a means for unifying the strong and weak nuclear forces in addition to yielding explanations for the existence and composition of dark matter. [1] [2]

[1]

Applications

The way tiny particles interact have extremely large-scale ramifications, such as our understanding of how certain natural phenomena such as black holes and galaxies exist as they do. For instance, gravity may appear to be a simple concept, but it actually would require supersymmetry or a similar expansion upon the standard model in order to acquire a solid explanation. [5] Proof of supersymmetry would likely not be applicable to daily life in any way, however, it would shape our understanding of both particle and astrophysics, and determine the path of future scientific questions.

History

Hironari Miyazawa was the first person to propose supersymmetry, in a theory relating mesons and baryons. Because of how broken his symmetry was, his work was largely ignored. Two groups of scientists all independently began working on a supersymmetry in quantum field theory around the same time, J. L. Gervais and B. Sakita(1971), Yu. A. Golfand and E. P. Likhtman(1971), and D. V. Volkov and V. P. Akulov(1972). The Gervais-Sakita works arose because of an early version of string theory. The model proposed by Pierre Fayet, known as the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, was the first realistic model in superstring theory proposed.[1] [3] [4]

External Sources and Links

[1] "New Particle, New Questions," NewScientist, ed. July 14, 2012.

[1] Introduction to Supersymmetry by Hitoshi Murayama

[2] String Theory and Supersymmetry for Dummies

[3] Supersymmetry by Christine Sutton

[5] The Quantum Universe (pp. 196-207) by Brian Cox and Jeff Forshaw

References

"New Particle, New Questions," NewScientist, ed. July 14, 2012.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supersymmetry

http://hitoshi.berkeley.edu/public_html/susy/susy.html

http://www.britannica.com/science/supersymmetry

http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/string-theory-the-history-of-supersymmetry.html

The Quantum Universe (pp. 196-207) by Brian Cox and Jeff Foresaw

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-Short Description of Topic
+Supersymmetry is the postulated existence of one-to-one correspondence between fundamental fermions and fundamental bosons as predicted by string theory. This proposed symmetry has not been observed, but could hold true at higher energies than presently observable. [2] [3] Supersymmetry acts as an expansion of the standard model of particle physics. The discovery of the higgs boson in 2012 completed the standard model, but it still leaves some questions unanswered. Supersymmetry aims to fill gaps left by the standard model and explain the phenomena of particle interactions. [1]
-==The Main Idea==
+==Implications==
-The main idea being discussed is the popular particle physics theory, Supersymmetry. One of the main goals of supersymmetry is to unify Quantum Theory with Einstein's General Relativity(Gravity). It does so by enumerating different types of elementary particles found in our universe to explain happenings in the microverse, by relating two types of elementary particles, Bosons and Fermions. Each particle from one group would have a super partner in the other group which has the a different weight, and the spin being separated by half an integer.
+Supersymmetry would more than double the number of standard model particles because it requires each known particle, as well as a few undiscovered ones, to have a superpartner (shown in the outer ring of the diagram below). Supersymmetry may provide a means for unifying the strong and weak nuclear forces in addition to yielding explanations for the existence and composition of dark matter. [1] [2]
-State, in your own words, the main idea for this topic
+[[File:mg21929331.200-1_800.jpg]]
+[1]
-===Consequences of Supersymmetry===
+==Applications==
-One of the consequences of Supersymmetry would be that the number of particles that we know now in the standard model would be doubled. This is so that the super particles can counteract their regular particles much like anti-matter does for matter. Supersymmetry can also help to link the strong, weak, and electromagnetic forces together
+The way tiny particles interact have extremely large-scale ramifications, such as our understanding of how certain natural phenomena such as black holes and galaxies exist as they do. For instance, gravity may appear to be a simple concept, but it actually would require supersymmetry or a similar expansion upon the standard model in order to acquire a solid explanation. [5] Proof of supersymmetry would likely not be applicable to daily life in any way, however, it would shape our understanding of both particle and astrophysics, and determine the path of future scientific questions.
-[[File:graph1.gif]][[File:Slide0025 image020.gif]]
+==History==
-In the first graph above you can see that in the standard model without supersymmetry at high energies the three forces become close to each other. In the graph to the left of that however you can see that with supersymmetry the three become equal at some high energy point. Another interesting consequence that could come of supersymmetry is the explanation of what dark matter is. Normal matter, the things we can observe in our everyday lives, is approximately 4% of the known universe. Dark matter is thought to take up more than 20% of our known universe, and supersymmetry could help to explain that. Dark matter are weakly interacting particles that are thought to help bind large bodies together despite what would normally be weak gravitational pull between them at the speeds they move, such as galaxies. Galaxies move too quickly for the stars contained within them to stay bound without dark matter.
+Hironari Miyazawa was the first person to propose supersymmetry, in a theory relating mesons and baryons. Because of how broken his symmetry was, his work was largely ignored. Two groups of scientists all independently began working on a supersymmetry in quantum field theory around the same time, J. L. Gervais and B. Sakita(1971), Yu. A. Golfand and E. P. Likhtman(1971), and D. V. Volkov and V. P. Akulov(1972). The Gervais-Sakita works arose because of an early version of string theory. The model proposed by Pierre Fayet, known as the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, was the first realistic model in superstring theory proposed.[1] [3] [4]
-[[File:Slide0027 image023.gif]]
+== See also ==
+[[Quantum Theory]]
-The graph above shows how fast the velocities within a solar system should be at size without dark matter, and then above all of these graphs is shown how fast they are actually moving.
+[[Einstein's Theory of General Relativity]]
-===A Mathematical Model===
+[[String Theory]]
-What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic.  For example <math>{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net}</math> where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.
+[[Higgs field]]
-===A Computational Model===
+[[Elementary Particles and Particle Physics Theory]]
-How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here [https://trinket.io/glowscript/31d0f9ad9e Teach hands-on with GlowScript]
-==Connectedness==
+==External Sources and Links==
-#How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?
+[1] "New Particle, New Questions," NewScientist, ed. July 14, 2012.
-#How is it connected to your major?
-#Is there an interesting industrial application?
-==History==
+[http://hitoshi.berkeley.edu/public_html/susy/susy.html] Introduction to Supersymmetry by Hitoshi Murayama
-Hironari Miyazawa was the first person to propose supersymmetry, and his was relating mesons and baryons. Because of how broken his symmetry was, his work was largely ignored. 2 groups of scientists all independently began working on a supersymmetry in quantum field theory around the same time, J. L. Gervais and B. Sakita(1971), Yu. A. Golfand and E. P. Likhtman(1971), and D. V. Volkov and V. P. Akulov(1972). The Gervais-Sakita works arose because of an early version of string theory. The model proposed by Pierre Fayet known as the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model was the first realistic model in superstring theory proposed.
+[http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/string-theory-the-history-of-supersymmetry.html] String Theory and Supersymmetry for Dummies
-== See also ==
+[http://www.britannica.com/science/supersymmetry] Supersymmetry by Christine Sutton
-Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore?  How does this topic fit into that context?
+[5] The Quantum Universe (pp. 196-207) by Brian Cox and Jeff Forshaw
-===Further reading===
+==References==
+"New Particle, New Questions," NewScientist, ed. July 14, 2012.
-Books, Articles or other print media on this topic
+https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supersymmetry
-===External links===
+http://hitoshi.berkeley.edu/public_html/susy/susy.html
-[http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/bring-science-home-reaction-time/]
+http://www.britannica.com/science/supersymmetry
-==References==
+http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/string-theory-the-history-of-supersymmetry.html
-This section contains the the references you used while writing this page
+The Quantum Universe (pp. 196-207) by Brian Cox and Jeff Foresaw
-[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]
+[[Category:Theory]]