Detecting Interactions: Difference between revisions

From Physics Book
Jump to navigation Jump to search
No edit summary
No edit summary
 
(2 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 3: Line 3:
Claimed by Kristen Sparks
Claimed by Kristen Sparks


==The Main Idea==
==Detecting Interactions==


Detecting whether an interaction has taken place is a simple, yet fundamental, skill necessary to the analysis of any physics problem. The importance of this skill will especially be seen when working with problems that call for the identification of multiple forces acting on a system.  
Detecting whether an interaction has taken place is a simple, yet fundamental, skill necessary to the analysis of any physics problem. The importance of this skill will especially be seen when working with problems that call for the identification of multiple forces acting on a system.  


===A Mathematical Model===
===Mathematical Model===


There are two main conditions that, if observed, would allow one to conclude that an interaction has taken place: change in direction or change in speed. Since velocity consists of both speed and direction, an observed change in velocity would indicate the existence of an interaction.
There are two main conditions that, if observed, would allow one to conclude that an interaction has taken place: change in direction or change in speed. Since velocity consists of both speed and direction, an observed change in velocity would indicate the existence of an interaction.


Since a change in velocity also indicates a change in momentum, we can apply the Momentum Principle to this situation as shown here:
Since a change in velocity also indicates a change in momentum, we can apply the Momentum Principle to this situation as demonstrated here:


'''No Net Interaction'''
'''No Net Interaction'''
Line 19: Line 19:
'''Nonzero Net Interaction'''
'''Nonzero Net Interaction'''


<math>{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net} = 0</math> where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.
<math>{\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net} 0</math> where '''p''' is the momentum of the system and '''F''' is the net force from the surroundings.


===A Computational Model===
===Application in VPython===


Detection an interaction is often the first step to trying to troubleshoot VPython code. If you're trying to model a net force acting on an object, but you do not see that object changing in speed or direction, then there is likely an issue with your force equations, momentum update, or position update.  
Detection an interaction is often the first step to trying to troubleshoot VPython code. If you're trying to model a net force acting on an object, but you do not see that object changing in speed or direction, then there is likely an issue with your force equations, momentum update, or position update. Instead of qualitatively looking for such an interaction, one can also add a "print" command within a "while" loop to check for changes in velocity or momentum. This will, however, slow down the code, so make sure to delete the print command from the while loop when finished troubleshooting.


==Examples==
==Examples==


===Simple===
===Change in direction===
===Middling===
[[File:Change_of_direction.jpg]]
===Difficult===
===Change in speed===
 
[[File:Change_of_speed.jpg]]
===Uniform motion (no net interaction)===
[[File:Uniform_motion.jpg]]
==History==
==History==


Line 37: Line 39:
== See also ==
== See also ==


Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore?  How does this topic fit into that context?
Speed and Velocity [http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/Speed_and_Velocity]
 
Momentum Principle [http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/Momentum_Principle]
===Further reading===
VPython Animation [http://www.physicsbook.gatech.edu/VPython_Animation] (for those having trouble modeling interactions in VPython)
 
 


===External links===
===External links===


Internet resources on this topic
Newton's laws of motion (Wikipedia) [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton%27s_laws_of_motion]


==References==
==References==
Line 51: Line 51:
Chabay, Ruth W., and Bruce A. Sherwood. Matter & Interactions. 4th ed. Wiley. ISBN: 978-1118875865
Chabay, Ruth W., and Bruce A. Sherwood. Matter & Interactions. 4th ed. Wiley. ISBN: 978-1118875865


[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]
[[Category: Interactions]]

Latest revision as of 23:57, 17 April 2016

Claimed by Yahia Ali (Spring 2016)

Claimed by Kristen Sparks

Detecting Interactions

Detecting whether an interaction has taken place is a simple, yet fundamental, skill necessary to the analysis of any physics problem. The importance of this skill will especially be seen when working with problems that call for the identification of multiple forces acting on a system.

Mathematical Model

There are two main conditions that, if observed, would allow one to conclude that an interaction has taken place: change in direction or change in speed. Since velocity consists of both speed and direction, an observed change in velocity would indicate the existence of an interaction.

Since a change in velocity also indicates a change in momentum, we can apply the Momentum Principle to this situation as demonstrated here:

No Net Interaction

[math]\displaystyle{ {\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net} = 0 }[/math] where p is the momentum of the system and F is the net force from the surroundings.

Nonzero Net Interaction

[math]\displaystyle{ {\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net} ≠ 0 }[/math] where p is the momentum of the system and F is the net force from the surroundings.

Application in VPython

Detection an interaction is often the first step to trying to troubleshoot VPython code. If you're trying to model a net force acting on an object, but you do not see that object changing in speed or direction, then there is likely an issue with your force equations, momentum update, or position update. Instead of qualitatively looking for such an interaction, one can also add a "print" command within a "while" loop to check for changes in velocity or momentum. This will, however, slow down the code, so make sure to delete the print command from the while loop when finished troubleshooting.

Examples

Change in direction

Change in speed

Uniform motion (no net interaction)

History

Isaac Newton summarized the relationship between a change in velocity and the presence of an interaction in his First Law of Motion, which says that, when viewed in an inertial reference frame, an object either remains at rest or continues to move at a constant velocity, unless acted upon by a force.

See also

Speed and Velocity [1] Momentum Principle [2] VPython Animation [3] (for those having trouble modeling interactions in VPython)

External links

Newton's laws of motion (Wikipedia) [4]

References

Chabay, Ruth W., and Bruce A. Sherwood. Matter & Interactions. 4th ed. Wiley. ISBN: 978-1118875865