Combining Electric and Magnetic Forces: Difference between revisions

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=='''Electric Forces'''==


'''Electric Forces:'''
===''Qualitative''===


'''Qualitative:'''
[[File:ElectricForces.jpg|thumb| '''Figure 1.''' An electric force acts in a pattern parallel to the electric field, pointing radially inward or outward of a particle. The direction depends on the signs of the interacting charged particles. ]]
[[File:ElectricForces.jpg|thumb| '''Figure 1.''' An electric force acts in a pattern parallel to the electric field, pointing radially inward or outward of a particle. The direction depends on the signs of the interacting charged particles. ]]
[[File:Magnetic Force Lines.jpg|thumb| '''Figure 2.''' Magnetic Fields follow a helical pattern ]]
 
[[File:RightHandRule.jpg|thumb| '''Figure 3.''' Magnetic Force Right Hand Rule]]
:• A particle being acted upon by an electric force will move in a straight line, in the path, or negative path depending on charge, of the the electric field line (See '''Figure 1''') .
:• A particle being acted upon by an electric force will move in a straight line, in the path, or negative path depending on charge, of the the electric field line (See '''Figure 1''') .


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:::• Particle(2) feels force pointing radially outward from Particle(1)
:::• Particle(2) feels force pointing radially outward from Particle(1)


'''Quantitative:'''
===''Quantitative''===
The electric force formula is as follows:
The electric force formula is as follows:
::[[File:ForceE FORM.jpg]]
::[[File:ForceE FORM.jpg]]
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:::*Note that electric forces can perform work
:::*Note that electric forces can perform work


'''Magnetic Forces:'''
=='''Magnetic Forces'''==
 
[[File:Magnetic Force Lines.jpg|thumb| '''Figure 2.''' Magnetic Fields follow a helical pattern ]]
[[File:RightHandRule.jpg|thumb| '''Figure 3.''' Magnetic Force Right Hand Rule]]
===''Qualitative''===
:•  The magnetic force on a charged particle is orthogonal to the magnetic field.
:•  The magnetic force on a charged particle is orthogonal to the magnetic field.


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:::3) Your palm will face in the direction of the Magnetic Force
:::3) Your palm will face in the direction of the Magnetic Force


'''Quantitative:'''
===''Quantitative''===
 


'''Magnetic and Electric Forces together:'''
'''Magnetic and Electric Forces together:'''

Revision as of 14:35, 5 December 2015

Claimed by Alana Kaplan

When a charged particle is moving through a space with present electric and magnetic forces, if the forces are not balanced, the particles trajectory will change. It is important to remember that though the forces, observably, interact with a particle in different patterns, their effects can be quantitatively be compared.


Electric Forces

Qualitative

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Figure 1. An electric force acts in a pattern parallel to the electric field, pointing radially inward or outward of a particle. The direction depends on the signs of the interacting charged particles.
• A particle being acted upon by an electric force will move in a straight line, in the path, or negative path depending on charge, of the the electric field line (See Figure 1) .
• Electric fields point in a direction radially outward/ inward of a charged particle. There are four possible scenarios for the interaction of 2 charged particles:
1) A (-) charged Particle(1) is acting on a (-) charged particle(2)
• Particle(2) feels force pointing radially outward from Particle(1)
2) A (+) charged Particle(1) is acting on a (-) charged particle(2)
• Particle(2) feels force pointing radially inward toward Particle(1)
3) A (-) charged Particle(1) is acting on a (+) charged particle(2)
• Particle(2) feels force pointing radially inward toward Particle(1)
4) A (+) charged Particle(1) is acting on a (+) charged particle(2)
• Particle(2) feels force pointing radially outward from Particle(1)

Quantitative

The electric force formula is as follows:

Where 1 is the electric field from the source and 2 is the charge of the particle feeling the source
  • Note that electric forces can perform work

Magnetic Forces

Figure 2. Magnetic Fields follow a helical pattern
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Figure 3. Magnetic Force Right Hand Rule

Qualitative

• The magnetic force on a charged particle is orthogonal to the magnetic field.
• The particle must be moving with some velocity for a magnetic force to be present.
• Particles move perpendicular to the magnetic field lines in a helical manner (See Figure 2)
• To find the magnetic force, you can use the Right Hand Rule as follows (See Figure 3):
1) Thumb in direction of the velocity
2)Fingers in the direction of the magnetic field
3) Your palm will face in the direction of the Magnetic Force

Quantitative

Magnetic and Electric Forces together:

The net force acting on a particle passing through a magnetic and electric field is:


This formula is known as "Lorentz Force":

When the net force is equal to zero, the velocity stays constant.

As seen in Figure 4 , when the net forces acting on a particle are balanced the electric field, magnetic field, and velocity vector are all perpendicular to each other. The electric and magnetic forces are equal but opposite.