Non-Coulomb Electric Field

Claimed by Geoffrey McKelvey, Work in Progress

The non-Coulomb electric field, often represented by the variable [math]\displaystyle{ \vec{E}_{NC} }[/math], is an electric field, which does not result from a stationary point charge.

Magnetic Field- Induced Electric Field

The concept of the non-Coulomb electric field arises from the discovery of electric fields, which cannot be created as a result of Coulomb's law. There are two primary examples in which we see this field, in a wire, with non-constant current & in a bar moving through and being polarized by an external magnetic field. Due to the involvement of motion, the resulting potential difference is often referred to as motional emf.

Polarized Metal Bar and Steady State

State, in your own words, the main idea for this topic Electric Field of Capacitor

A Mathematical Model

Along a closed path, the general equation, from which the non-Coulomb electric field can be obtained, is [math]\displaystyle{ |emf| = \oint \vec{E}_{NC} \cdot \Delta \vec{l} = |\frac{d\Phi_{mag}}{dt}| }[/math]

A Computational Model

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Examples

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Connectedness

1. How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?

Non-Coulomb electrical fields are a possible complication involved in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as they accompany Eddy currents, which are induced currents from the alternating magnetic fields that oppose the magnetic force that created them, which may cause such complications as heating tissue or creating an artifact within the image.

2. How is it connected to your major?

MRI and functional MRI (fMRI) are two very useful imaging techniques, being on of the highest resolution imaging techniques available, with none of the accompanying radiative dangers, which accompany computerized tomography (CT) scans. Eddy currents, along with their accompanying non-Coulomb fields, which oppose the magnetic field, that created them, present a significant complication to the use of MRI, via the creation of artifact within the image, heat within current loops induced in tissue, among others.

History

In 1831, Heinrich Lenz, an Estonian physicist, for whom the symbol "L" of inductance is named, discovered the right-hand-rule relationship between a changing magnetic field and the direction of induced electric field, the non-Coulomb field.

This occurrence, however, was preceded by the discovery of the motional electromotive force (emf), resulting from interactions between a non-constant magnetic field and conductor, earlier in same year of 1931 by Michael Faraday, an English physicist and chemist. It is worth noting that this was discovered independently in 1932 by Joseph Henry, an American scientist, however Faraday published first, and is therefore credited with the discovery and contribution to science.

See also

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