Second Law of Thermodynamics and Entropy: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Acandelmo6 (talk | contribs) |
Acandelmo6 (talk | contribs) No edit summary |
||
| Line 32: | Line 32: | ||
===Contributors in the Development of the Second Law:=== | ===Contributors in the Development of the Second Law:=== | ||
[[File:Carnot.jpg|thumb|90px|Nicholas Carnot]] | |||
*'''Nicholas Léonard Sadi Carnot''' (1 June 1796 – 24 August 1832) | *'''Nicholas Léonard Sadi Carnot''' (1 June 1796 – 24 August 1832) | ||
**Considered to be the father of Thermodynamics | **Considered to be the father of Thermodynamics | ||
**Major Scientific Contributions: | **Major Scientific Contributions: | ||
| Line 40: | Line 40: | ||
***Carnot efficiency | ***Carnot efficiency | ||
**His research was centered around learning if the work available from a heat source was limited, and whether the efficiency of a heat engine could be improved upon by replacing steam with a different substance | **His research was centered around learning if the work available from a heat source was limited, and whether the efficiency of a heat engine could be improved upon by replacing steam with a different substance | ||
*'''Rudolf Clausius''' ( 2 January 1822 – 24 August 1888) | [[File:Clausius.jpg|thumb|90px|Rudolf Clausius]] | ||
*'''Rudolf Clausius''' ( 2 January 1822 – 24 August 1888) | |||
**German Physicist | **German Physicist | ||
**Developed the Clausius statement, which states that in general, heat can not flow spontaneously from a low temperature to a high temperature | **Developed the Clausius statement, which states that in general, heat can not flow spontaneously from a low temperature to a high temperature | ||
| Line 48: | Line 49: | ||
**Presented the idea of Entropy and named it as such | **Presented the idea of Entropy and named it as such | ||
**Was known for taking a mathematical approach to physics | **Was known for taking a mathematical approach to physics | ||
*'''William Thompson''' (26 June 1824 – 17 December 1907) | [[File:Thompson.jpg|thumb|90px|William Thompson]] | ||
*'''William Thompson''' (26 June 1824 – 17 December 1907) | |||
**Also known as First Baron Kelvin | |||
**Mathematical physicist and engineer | **Mathematical physicist and engineer | ||
**Formulated the Kelvin Statement, which states that there is no way to convert all of the energy in a given system into work without losing energy | **Formulated the Kelvin Statement, which states that there is no way to convert all of the energy in a given system into work without losing energy | ||
**Developed the vortex theory of the atom | **Developed the vortex theory of the atom | ||
*'''Constantin Carathéodory''' (13 September 1873 – 2 February 1950) | **In addition to his contributions to thermodynamics, he also created the Kelvin scale | ||
[[File:Caratheodory.jpg|thumb|90px|Constantin Caratheodory]] | |||
*'''Constantin Carathéodory''' (13 September 1873 – 2 February 1950) | |||
**German mathematician of Greek origin | **German mathematician of Greek origin | ||
**Principle of Caratheodory | **Principle of Caratheodory | ||
**Took on thermodynamics with a mathematical axiomatic foundation | **Took on thermodynamics with a mathematical axiomatic foundation | ||
**Created his own version of the Second Law of Thermodynamics by stating that "In the neighborhood of any initial state, there are states which cannot be approached arbitrarily close through adiabatic changes of state." | **Created his own version of the Second Law of Thermodynamics by stating that "In the neighborhood of any initial state, there are states which cannot be approached arbitrarily close through adiabatic changes of state." | ||
**Used differential equations and Pfaffian expressions to prove the existence of entropy | |||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
| Line 64: | Line 70: | ||
===Further reading=== | ===Further reading=== | ||
http://web.ist.utl.pt/berberan/data/68.pdf | |||
===External links=== | ===External links=== | ||
| Line 74: | Line 80: | ||
https://www.asme.org/engineering-topics/articles/energy/nicolas-leonard-sadi-carnot | https://www.asme.org/engineering-topics/articles/energy/nicolas-leonard-sadi-carnot | ||
http://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/113847/principle-of-caratheodory-and-the-second-law-of-thermodynamics | |||
http://digital.nls.uk/scientists/biographies/lord-kelvin/ | |||
http://www.eoht.info/page/Caratheodory’s+theorem | |||
[[Category:Energy]] | [[Category:Energy]] | ||
Revision as of 17:31, 3 December 2015
Alyssa Candelmo (acandelmo6)
Short Description of Topic
The Main Idea
State, in your own words, the main idea for this topic Electric Field of Capacitor
A Mathematical Model
What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example [math]\displaystyle{ {\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net} }[/math] where p is the momentum of the system and F is the net force from the surroundings.
A Computational Model
How do we visualize or predict using this topic. Consider embedding some vpython code here Teach hands-on with GlowScript
Examples
Be sure to show all steps in your solution and include diagrams whenever possible
Simple
Middling
Difficult
Connectedness
- How is this topic connected to something that you are interested in?
- How is it connected to your major?
- Is there an interesting industrial application?
History
Contributors in the Development of the Second Law:
- Nicholas Léonard Sadi Carnot (1 June 1796 – 24 August 1832)
- Considered to be the father of Thermodynamics
- Major Scientific Contributions:
- Carnot heat engine
- Carnot theorem
- Carnot efficiency
- His research was centered around learning if the work available from a heat source was limited, and whether the efficiency of a heat engine could be improved upon by replacing steam with a different substance
- Rudolf Clausius ( 2 January 1822 – 24 August 1888)
- German Physicist
- Developed the Clausius statement, which states that in general, heat can not flow spontaneously from a low temperature to a high temperature
- Wrote a famous paper titled "On the Moving Force of Heat and the Laws of Heat which May be Deduced Therefrom"
- Pointed out differences between the concept of conservation of energy
- Stated that assumptions about the Caloric theory were incorrect
- Presented the idea of Entropy and named it as such
- Was known for taking a mathematical approach to physics
- William Thompson (26 June 1824 – 17 December 1907)
- Also known as First Baron Kelvin
- Mathematical physicist and engineer
- Formulated the Kelvin Statement, which states that there is no way to convert all of the energy in a given system into work without losing energy
- Developed the vortex theory of the atom
- In addition to his contributions to thermodynamics, he also created the Kelvin scale
- Constantin Carathéodory (13 September 1873 – 2 February 1950)
- German mathematician of Greek origin
- Principle of Caratheodory
- Took on thermodynamics with a mathematical axiomatic foundation
- Created his own version of the Second Law of Thermodynamics by stating that "In the neighborhood of any initial state, there are states which cannot be approached arbitrarily close through adiabatic changes of state."
- Used differential equations and Pfaffian expressions to prove the existence of entropy
See also
Are there related topics or categories in this wiki resource for the curious reader to explore? How does this topic fit into that context?
Further reading
http://web.ist.utl.pt/berberan/data/68.pdf
External links
References
https://www.asme.org/engineering-topics/articles/energy/nicolas-leonard-sadi-carnot