Combining Electric and Magnetic Forces: Difference between revisions
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=='''Electric Forces'''== | |||
'' | ===''Qualitative''=== | ||
[[File:ElectricForces.jpg|thumb| '''Figure 1.''' An electric force acts in a pattern parallel to the electric field, pointing radially inward or outward of a particle. The direction depends on the signs of the interacting charged particles. ]] | [[File:ElectricForces.jpg|thumb| '''Figure 1.''' An electric force acts in a pattern parallel to the electric field, pointing radially inward or outward of a particle. The direction depends on the signs of the interacting charged particles. ]] | ||
:• A particle being acted upon by an electric force will move in a straight line, in the path, or negative path depending on charge, of the the electric field line (See '''Figure 1''') . | :• A particle being acted upon by an electric force will move in a straight line, in the path, or negative path depending on charge, of the the electric field line (See '''Figure 1''') . | ||
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:::• Particle(2) feels force pointing radially outward from Particle(1) | :::• Particle(2) feels force pointing radially outward from Particle(1) | ||
===''Quantitative''=== | |||
The electric force formula is as follows: | The electric force formula is as follows: | ||
::[[File:ForceE FORM.jpg]] | ::[[File:ForceE FORM.jpg]] | ||
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:::*Note that electric forces can perform work | :::*Note that electric forces can perform work | ||
'''Magnetic Forces:''' | =='''Magnetic Forces'''== | ||
[[File:Magnetic Force Lines.jpg|thumb| '''Figure 2.''' Magnetic Fields follow a helical pattern ]] | |||
[[File:RightHandRule.jpg|thumb| '''Figure 3.''' Magnetic Force Right Hand Rule]] | |||
===''Qualitative''=== | |||
:• The magnetic force on a charged particle is orthogonal to the magnetic field. | :• The magnetic force on a charged particle is orthogonal to the magnetic field. | ||
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:::3) Your palm will face in the direction of the Magnetic Force | :::3) Your palm will face in the direction of the Magnetic Force | ||
===''Quantitative''=== | |||
'''Magnetic and Electric Forces together:''' | '''Magnetic and Electric Forces together:''' | ||
Revision as of 13:35, 5 December 2015
Claimed by Alana Kaplan
When a charged particle is moving through a space with present electric and magnetic forces, if the forces are not balanced, the particles trajectory will change. It is important to remember that though the forces, observably, interact with a particle in different patterns, their effects can be quantitatively be compared.
Electric Forces
Qualitative
- • A particle being acted upon by an electric force will move in a straight line, in the path, or negative path depending on charge, of the the electric field line (See Figure 1) .
- • Electric fields point in a direction radially outward/ inward of a charged particle. There are four possible scenarios for the interaction of 2 charged particles:
- 1) A (-) charged Particle(1) is acting on a (-) charged particle(2)
- • Particle(2) feels force pointing radially outward from Particle(1)
- 2) A (+) charged Particle(1) is acting on a (-) charged particle(2)
- • Particle(2) feels force pointing radially inward toward Particle(1)
- 3) A (-) charged Particle(1) is acting on a (+) charged particle(2)
- • Particle(2) feels force pointing radially inward toward Particle(1)
- 4) A (+) charged Particle(1) is acting on a (+) charged particle(2)
- • Particle(2) feels force pointing radially outward from Particle(1)
- 1) A (-) charged Particle(1) is acting on a (-) charged particle(2)
Quantitative
The electric force formula is as follows:
- Where 1 is the electric field from the source and 2 is the charge of the particle feeling the source
- Note that electric forces can perform work
Magnetic Forces
Qualitative
- • The magnetic force on a charged particle is orthogonal to the magnetic field.
- • The particle must be moving with some velocity for a magnetic force to be present.
- • Particles move perpendicular to the magnetic field lines in a helical manner (See Figure 2)
- • To find the magnetic force, you can use the Right Hand Rule as follows (See Figure 3):
- 1) Thumb in direction of the velocity
- 2)Fingers in the direction of the magnetic field
- 3) Your palm will face in the direction of the Magnetic Force
Quantitative
Magnetic and Electric Forces together:
The net force acting on a particle passing through a magnetic and electric field is:
This formula is known as "Lorentz Force":
When the net force is equal to zero, the velocity stays constant.
As seen in Figure 4 , when the net forces acting on a particle are balanced the electric field, magnetic field, and velocity vector are all perpendicular to each other. The electric and magnetic forces are equal but opposite.