Conservation of Momentum

Claimed by Shohini Ghosh- Choudhary (shohinigc)

Short Description of Topic

The Main Idea

The conservation of momentum is one of the fundamental laws of physics. Within the definitions of the problem, the total momentum of the system stays constant (1). Much like the conservation of mass or the conservation of energy, momentum is neither created nor destroyed. The momentum is changed through the action of forces (1) as in Newton’s law of motion. This is a powerful idea to solving problems. For example if a collision occurs 2 objects (object 1 and object 2) in an isolated system, the total momentum of the two objects before the collision is equal to the total momentum of the two objects after the collision (2). So, the momentum lost by object 1 is equal to the momentum gained by object 2 (2). The main difference between momentum conservation and conservation of mass or the conservation of energy is that momentum is a vector quantity, so momentum is conserved in the x, y and z directions at the same time (1). The law of conservation of momentum can be logically derived from Newton’s Third Law (2). When 2 objects collide, the force on object 1 on object 2 (F1) is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force on object 2 on object 1(F2). So: F1=-F2 The objects collide during a certain time period (Δt) so that the force acting on object 1 and the force acting on object 2 act over the this time period (Δt). So: F1Δt=-F2Δt We know that F*t is the formula for impulse and since the change in impulse is equal to the change in momentum: m1Δv1=-m2Δv2 (the law of conservation of momentum).

A Mathematical Model

What are the mathematical equations that allow us to model this topic. For example [math]\displaystyle{ {\frac{d\vec{p}}{dt}}_{system} = \vec{F}_{net} }[/math] where p is the momentum of the system and F is the net force from the surroundings.

A Computational Model

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Examples

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Connectedness

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See also

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Further reading

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External links

[1]

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