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Welcome to the Georgia Tech Wiki for Intro Physics. This resources was created so that students can contribute and curate content to help those with limited or no access to a textbook.  When reading this website, please correct any errors you may come across. If you read something that isn't clear, please consider revising it!
= '''Georgia Tech Student Wiki for Introductory Physics.''' =
 
This resource was created so that students can contribute and curate content to help those with limited or no access to a textbook.  When reading this website, please correct any errors you may come across. If you read something that isn't clear, please consider revising it for future students!


Looking to make a contribution?
Looking to make a contribution?
#Pick a specific topic from intro physics
#Pick one of the topics from intro physics listed below
#Add that topic, as a link to a new page, under the appropriate category listed below by editing this page.
#Add content to that topic or improve the quality of what is already there.
#Copy and paste the default [[Template]] into your new page and start editing.1
#Need to make a new topic? Edit this page and add it to the list under the appropriate category. Then copy and paste the default [[Template]] into your new page and start editing.


Please remember that this is not a textbook and you are not limited to expressing your ideas with only text and equations.  Whenever possible embed: pictures, videos, diagrams, simulations, computational models (e.g. Glowscript), and whatever content you think makes learning physics easier for other students.
Please remember that this is not a textbook and you are not limited to expressing your ideas with only text and equations.  Whenever possible embed: pictures, videos, diagrams, simulations, computational models (e.g. Glowscript), and whatever content you think makes learning physics easier for other students.
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All of the content added to this resource must be in the public domain or similar free resource.  If you are unsure about a source, contact the original author for permission. That said, there is a surprisingly large amount of introductory physics content scattered across the web.  Here is an incomplete list of intro physics resources (please update as needed).
All of the content added to this resource must be in the public domain or similar free resource.  If you are unsure about a source, contact the original author for permission. That said, there is a surprisingly large amount of introductory physics content scattered across the web.  Here is an incomplete list of intro physics resources (please update as needed).
* A physics resource written by experts for an expert audience [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Physics Physics Portal]
* A physics resource written by experts for an expert audience [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Physics Physics Portal]
* A wiki written for students by a physics expert [http://p3server.pa.msu.edu/coursewiki/doku.php?id=183_notes MSU Physics Wiki]
* A wiki book on modern physics [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_Physics Modern Physics Wiki]
* A wiki book on modern physics [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Modern_Physics Modern Physics Wiki]
* A collection of 26 volumes of lecture notes by Prof. Wheeler of Reed College [https://rdc.reed.edu/c/wheeler/home/]
* The MIT open courseware for intro physics [http://ocw.mit.edu/resources/res-8-002-a-wikitextbook-for-introductory-mechanics-fall-2009/index.htm MITOCW Wiki]
* The MIT open courseware for intro physics [http://ocw.mit.edu/resources/res-8-002-a-wikitextbook-for-introductory-mechanics-fall-2009/index.htm MITOCW Wiki]
* An online concept map of intro physics [http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/hph.html HyperPhysics]
* An online concept map of intro physics [http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/hph.html HyperPhysics]
* Interactive physics simulations [https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/category/physics PhET]
* Interactive physics simulations [https://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulations/category/physics PhET]
* OpenStax algebra based intro physics textbook [https://openstaxcollege.org/textbooks/college-physics College Physics]
* OpenStax intro physics textbooks: [https://openstax.org/details/books/university-physics-volume-1  Vol1], [https://openstax.org/details/books/university-physics-volume-2  Vol2], [https://openstax.org/details/books/university-physics-volume-3  Vol3]
* The Open Source Physics project is a collection of online physics resources [http://www.opensourcephysics.org/ OSP]
* The Open Source Physics project is a collection of online physics resources [http://www.opensourcephysics.org/ OSP]
* A resource guide compiled by the [http://www.aapt.org/ AAPT] for educators [http://www.compadre.org/ ComPADRE]
* A resource guide compiled by the [http://www.aapt.org/ AAPT] for educators [http://www.compadre.org/ ComPADRE]
* The Feynman lectures on physics are free to read [http://www.feynmanlectures.caltech.edu/ Feynman]
* Final Study Guide for Modern Physics II created by a lab TA [https://docs.google.com/document/d/1_6GktDPq5tiNFFYs_ZjgjxBAWVQYaXp_2Imha4_nSyc/edit?usp=sharing Modern Physics II Final Study Guide]


== Organizing Categories ==
== Resources ==
These are the broad, overarching categories, that we cover in two semester of introductory physics. You can add subcategories or make a new category as needed. A single topic should direct readers to a page in one of these categories.
* Commonly used wiki commands [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Cheatsheet Wiki Cheatsheet]
* A guide to representing equations in math mode [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula Wiki Math Mode]
* A page to keep track of all the physics [[Constants]]
* A listing of [[Notable Scientist]] with links to their individual pages


<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
===Classes===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">


*[[Physics 1]]
<div style="float:left; width:30%; padding:1%;">
*[[Physics 2]]
**[[Week 1—Vectors, Fields, and Superposition]]
**[[Week 2—Dipoles and Interactions]]
**[[Week 3—Insulators and Conductors]]
**[[Week 4—Electric Fields of Particular Shapes]]
**[[Week 5—Potential]]
**[[Week 6—Electrostatics in an Insulator and Magnetic Fields]]
**[[Week 7—Magnetic Fields of Particular Shapes]]
**[[Week 8—Introduction to Circuits]]
**[[Week 9—Capacitors and Lorentz Force]]
**[[Week 10—Hall Effect, Motional EMF, and Torque]]
**[[Week 12—Gauss's Law and Ampere's Law]]
**[[Week 13—Semiconductors and Faraday's Law]]
**[[Week 14—Inductors]]
**[[Week 15—Maxwell's Equations, Radiation, and Polarization]]
**[[Week 16—Sparks and Superconductors]]
*[[Physics 3]]
</div>
</div>
 
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
===Interactions===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Fundamental Interactions]]
*[[Electric Force]]
*[[Conservation of Charge]]
*[[Electric Polarization]]
*[[Reaction Time]]
*[[Time Dilation]]
*[[Pauli exclusion principle]]
*[[Interactions of Momentum and Energy Principles]]
*[[Magnus Effect]]
</div>
</div>
 
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
 
===Modeling with VPython===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
</div>
</div>
 
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
 
===Theory===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Einstein's Theory of Special Relativity]]
*[[Einstein's Theory of General Relativity]]
*[[Quantum Theory]]
*[[Maxwell's Electromagnetic Theory]]
*[[Atomic Theory]]
*[[String Theory]]
*[[Elementary Particles and Particle Physics Theory]]
*[[Law of Gravitation]]
*[[Newton's Laws]]
*[[Higgs field]]
*[[Supersymmetry]]
</div>
</div>


==Physics 1==
===Week 1===
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
 
====GlowScript 101====
===Notable Scientists===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov]]
*[[Python Syntax]]
*[[Christian Doppler]]
*[[GlowScript]]
*[[Albert Einstein]]
*[[Ernest Rutherford]]
*[[Joseph Henry]]
*[[Michael Faraday]]
*[[J.J. Thomson]]
*[[James Maxwell]]
*[[Robert Hooke]]
*[[Carl Friedrich Gauss]]
*[[Nikola Tesla]]
*[[Andre Marie Ampere]]
*[[Sir Isaac Newton]]
*[[J. Robert Oppenheimer]]
*[[Oliver Heaviside]]
*[[Rosalind Franklin]]
*[[Enrico Fermi]]
*[[Robert J. Van de Graaff]]
*[[Charles de Coulomb]]
*[[Hans Christian Ørsted]]
*[[Philo Farnsworth]]
*[[Niels Bohr]]
*[[Georg Ohm]]
*[[Leo Szilard]]
*[[Galileo Galilei]]
*[[Gustav Kirchhoff]]
*[[Max Planck]]
*[[Heinrich Hertz]]
*[[Edwin Hall]]
*[[James Watt]]
*[[Count Alessandro Volta]]
*[[Josiah Willard Gibbs]]
*[[Richard Phillips Feynman]]
*[[Sir David Brewster]]
*[[Daniel Bernoulli]]
*[[William Thomson]]
*[[Leonhard Euler]]
*[[Robert Fox Bacher]]
*[[Stephen Hawking]]
*[[Amedeo Avogadro]]
*[[Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen]]
*[[Pierre Laplace]]
*[[Thomas Edison]]
*[[Hendrik Lorentz]]
*[[Jean-Baptiste Biot]]
*[[Lise Meitner]]
*[[Lisa Randall]]
*[[Felix Savart]]
*[[Heinrich Lenz]]
*[[Max Born]]
*[[Archimedes]]
*[[Jean Baptiste Biot]]
*[[Carl Sagan]]
*[[Eugene Wigner]]
*[[Marie Curie]]
*[[Pierre Curie]]
*[[Werner Heisenberg]]
*[[Johannes Diderik van der Waals]]
*[[Louis de Broglie]]
*[[Aristotle]]
*[[Émilie du Châtelet]]
*[[Blaise Pascal]]
*[[Siméon Denis Poisson]]
*[[Benjamin Franklin]]
*[[James Chadwick]]
*[[Henry Cavendish]]
*[[Thomas Young]]
*[[James Prescott Joule]]
*[[John Bardeen]]
*[[Leo Baekeland]]
*[[Alhazen]]
*[[Willebrord Snell]]
*[[Fritz Walther Meissner]]
*[[Johannes Kepler]]
*[[Johann Wilhelm Ritter]]
*[[Philipp Lenard]]
*[[Robert A. Millikan]]
*[[Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac]]
*[[Guglielmo Marconi]]
*[[William Lawrence Bragg]]
*[[Robert Goddard]]
*[[Léon Foucault]]
*[[Henri Poincaré]]
*[[Steven Weinberg]]
*[[Arthur Compton]]
*[[Pythagoras of Samos]]
*[[Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar]]
*[[Wilhelm Eduard Weber]]
*[[Edmond Becquerel]]
*[[Joseph Rotblat]]
*[[Carl David Anderson]]
*[[Hermann von Helmholtz]]
*[[Nicolas Leonard Sadi Carnot]]
*[[Wallace Carothers]]
*[[David J. Wineland]]
*[[Rudolf Clausius]]
*[[Edward L. Norton]]
*[[Shuji Nakamura]]
*[[Pierre Laplace Pt. 2]]
*[[William B. Shockley]]
*[[Osborne Reynolds]]
*[[Christian Huygens]]
*[[Hans Bethe]]
*[[Erwin Schrodinger]]
*[[Wolfgang Pauli]]
*[[Paul Dirac]]
*[[Bill Nye]]
*[[Arnold Sommerfeld]]
*[[Ernest Lawrence]]
*[[James Franck]]
*[[Chen-Ning Yang]]
*[[Albert A. Michelson & Edward W. Morley]]
*[[George Paget Thomson]]
*[[Konstantin Tsiolkovsky]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">


===Properties of Matter===
====VPython====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Mass]]
*[[Velocity]]
*[[Relative Velocity]]
*[[Density]]
*[[Charge]]
*[[Spin]]
*[[SI Units]]
*[[Heat Capacity]]
*[[Specific Heat]]
*[[Wavelength]]
*[[Electrical Conductivity/Resistivity]]
*[[Malleability]]
*[[Ductility]]
*[[Weight]]
*[[Hardness]]
*[[Boiling Point]]
*[[Melting Point]]
*[[Inertia]]
*[[Non-Newtonian Fluids]]
*[[Ferrofluids]]
*[[Color]]
*[[Temperature]]
*[[Plasma]]
*[[Electron Mobility]]
</div>
</div>
 
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">


===Contact Interactions===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[Young's Modulus]]
* [[Friction]]
* [[Static Friction]]
* [[Tension]]
* [[Hooke's Law]]
*[[Compression or Normal Force]]
* [[Length and Stiffness of an Interatomic Bond]]
* [[Speed of Sound in Solids]]
* [[Iterative Prediction of Spring-Mass System]]
* [[Geneva Drives: An Interesting Method of Movement]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
===Momentum===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[Vectors]]
* [[Kinematics]]
* [[Conservation of Momentum]]
* [[Predicting Change in multiple dimensions]]
* [[Derivation of the Momentum Principle]]
* [[Momentum Principle]]
* [[Impulse Momentum]]
* [[Curving Motion]]
* [[Projectile Motion]]
* [[Multi-particle Analysis of Momentum]]
* [[Iterative Prediction]]
* [[Analytical Prediction]]
* [[Newton's Laws and Linear Momentum]]
* [[Net Force]]
* [[Momentum at High Speeds]]
* [[Momentum with respect to external Forces]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
===Angular Momentum===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[The Moments of Inertia]]
* [[Moment of Inertia for a cylinder]]
* [[Rotation]]
* [[Torque]]
* [[Systems with Zero Torque]]
[[Systems with Zero Torque*]]
* [[Systems with Nonzero Torque]]
* [[Torque vs Work]]
* [[Angular Impulse]]
* [[Right Hand Rule]]
* [[Angular Velocity]]
* [[Predicting the Position of a Rotating System]]
* [[Translational Angular Momentum]]
* [[The Angular Momentum Principle]]
* [[Angular Momentum of Multiparticle Systems]]
* [[Rotational Angular Momentum]]
* [[Total Angular Momentum]]
* [[Gyroscopes]]
* [[Angular Momentum Compared to Linear Momentum]]
*[[Torque 2]]
* [[3 Fundamental Principles of Mechanics]]
* [[Eulerian Angles]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
===Energy===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[The Photoelectric Effect]]
*[[Photons]]
*[[The Energy Principle]]
*[[Predicting Change]]
*[[Rest Mass Energy]]
*[[Kinetic Energy]]
*[[Potential Energy]]
**[[Potential Energy for a Magnetic Dipole]]
**[[Potential Energy of a Multiparticle System]]
**[[Potential Energy of Macroscopic Springs]]
**[[Graviational Potential Energy]]
*[[Work]]
**[[Work Done By A Nonconstant Force]]
*[[Work and Energy for an Extended System]]
*[[Thermal Energy]]
*[[Electric Potential]]
*[[Energy Transfer due to a Temperature Difference]]
*[[Point Particle Systems]]
*[[Real Systems]]
*[[Spring Potential Energy]]
**[[Ball and Spring Model]]
*[[Internal Energy]]
**[[Potential Energy of a Pair of Neutral Atoms]]
*[[Translational, Rotational and Vibrational Energy]]
*[[Franck-Hertz Experiment]]
*[[Power (Mechanical)]]
*[[Transformation of Energy]]
*[[Energy Graphs]]
**[[Energy graphs and the Bohr model]]
*[[Air Resistance]]
*[[Electronic Energy Levels]]
*[[First Law of Thermodynamics]]
*[[Second Law of Thermodynamics and Entropy]]
*[[Specific Heat Capacity]]
*[[The Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution]]
*[[Electronic Energy Levels and Photons]]
*[[Energy Density]]
*[[Bohr Model]]
*[[Quantized energy levels]]
**[[Spontaneous Photon Emission]]
*[[Path Independence of Electric Potential]]
*[[Energy in a Circuit]]
*[[The Photovoltaic Effect]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
===Collisions===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
[[File:opener.png]]
*[[Collisions]]
Collisions are events that happen very frequently in our day-to-day world. In the realm of Physics, a collision is defined as any sort of process in which before and after a short time interval there is little interaction, but during that short time interval there are large interactions. When looking at collisions, it is first important to understand two very important principles: the Momentum Principle and the Energy Principle. Both principles serve use when talking of collisions because they provide a way in which to analyze these collisions. Collisions themselves can be categorized into 3 main different types: elastic collisions, inelastic collisions, maximally inelastic collisions. All 3 collisions will get touched on in more detail further on.
  [[File:pe.png]]
*[[Elastic Collisions]]
A collision is deemed "elastic" when the internal energy of the objects in the system does not change (in other words, change in internal energy equals 0). Because in an elastic collision no kinetic energy is converted over to internal energy, in any elastic collision Kfinal always equals Kinitial.
  [[File:Elco.png]]
*[[Inelastic Collisions]]
A collision is said to be "inelastic" when it is not elastic; therefore, an inelastic collision is an interaction in which some change in internal energy occurs between the colliding objects (in other words, change in internal energy does not equal 0). Examples of such changes that occur between colliding objects include, but are not limited to, things like they get hot, or they vibrate/rotate, or they deform. Because some of the kinetic energy is converted to internal energy during an inelastic collision, Kfinal does not equal Kinitial.
There are a few characteristics that one can search for when identifying inelasticity. These indications include things such as:
*Objects stick together after the collision
*An object is in an excited state after the collision
*An object becomes deformed after the collision
*The objects become hotter after the collision
*There exists more vibration or rotation after the collision
  [[File:inve.gif]]
*[[Maximally Inelastic Collision]]
Maximally inelastic collisions, also known as "sticking collisions", are the most extreme kinds of inelastic collisions. Just as its secondary name implies, a maximally inelastic collision is one in which the colliding objects stick together creating maximum dissipation. This does not automatically mean that the colliding objects stop dead because the law of conservation of momentum. In a maximally inelastic collision, the remaining kinetic energy is present only because total momentum can't change and must be conserved.
  [[File:inel.gif]]
*[[Head-on Collision of Equal Masses]]
The easiest way to understand this phenomenon is to look at it through an example. In this case, we can analyze it through the common game of billiards. Taking the two, equally massed billiard balls as the system, we can neglect the small frictional force exerted on the balls by the billiard table. The Momentum Principle states that in this head-on collision of billiard balls the total final momentum in the x direction must equal the total initial momentum. However, this alone does not give us the knowledge to know how the momentum will be divided up between the two balls. Considering the law of conservation of energy, we can more accurately depict what will happen. This will also allow for one to identify what kind of collision occurs (elastic, inelastic, or maximally inelastic). It is important to know that head-on collisions of equal masses do not have a definite type of collision associated with it.
  [[File:momentum-real-life-applications-2895.jpg]]  [[File:8ball.gif]]
*[[Head-on Collision of Unequal Masses]]
Just as with head-on collisions of equal masses, it is easy to understand head-on collisions of unequal masses by viewing it through an example. Let's take for example two balls of unequal masses like a ping-pong ball and a bowling ball. For the purpose of this example (so as to allow for no friction and no other significant external forces), let's imagine these objects collide in outer space inside an orbiting spacecraft. If there were to be a collision between the two, what would one expect to happen? One could expect to see the ping-pong ball collide with the bowling ball and bounce straight back with a very small change of speed. What one might not expect as much is that the bowling ball also moves, just very slowly. Again, this can all be explained through the conservation of momentum and the conservation of energy.
  [[File:mi3e.jpg]]
*[[Frame of Reference]]
In the world of Physics, a frame of reference is the perspective from which a system is observed. It can be stationary or sometimes it can even be moving at a constant velocity. In some rare cases, the frame of reference moves at an nonconstant velocity and is deemed "noninertial" meaning the basic laws of physics do not apply. Continuing with the trend of examples, pretend you are at a train station observing trains as they pass by. From your stationary frame of reference, you observe that the passenger on the train is moving at the same velocity as the train. However, from a moving frame of reference, say from the eyes of the train conductor, he would view the train passengers as "anchored" to the train.
  [[File:train.png]]
*[[Scattering: Collisions in 2D and 3D]]
Experiments that involve scattering are often used to study the structure and behavior of atoms, nuclei, as well as of other small particles. In an experiment like such, a beam of particles collides with other particles. If it is an atomic or nuclear collision, we are unable to observe the curving trajectories inside the tiny region of interaction. Instead, we can only truly observe the trajectories before and after the collision. This is only possible because the particles are at a farther distance apart and have a very weak mutual interaction; this essentially means that the particles are moving almost in a straight line. A good example which demonstrates scattering is the collision between an alpha particle (the nucleus of a helium atom) and the nucleus of a gold atom. One will understand this phenomenon more in depth after first understanding the Rutherford Experiment which will get touched on later.
*[[Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions]]
In England in 1911, a famous experiment was performed by a group of scientists led by Mr. Ernest Rutherford. This experiment, later known as "The Rutherford Experiment", was a tremendous breakthrough for its time because it led to the discovery of the nucleus inside the atom. Rutherford's experiment involved the scattering of a high-speed alpha particle (now known as a helium nuclei - 2 protons and 2 neutrons) as it was shot at a thin gold foil (consisting of a nuclei with 79 protons and 118 neutrons). In the experiment, Rutherford and his team discovered that the velocity of the alpha particles was not high enough to allow the particles to make actual contact with the gold nucleus. Although they never actually made contact, it is still deemed a collision because there exists a sizable force between the alpha particle and the gold nucleus over a very short period of time. In conclusion, we say the alpha particle is "scattered" by its interaction with the nucleus of a gold atom and experiments like such are called "scattering" experiments.
  [[File:ruthef.jpg]]
*[[Coefficient of Restitution]]
The coefficient of restitution is a measure of the elasticity in a collision. It is the ratio of the differences in velocities before and after the collision. The coefficient is evaluated by taking the difference in the velocities of the colliding objects after the collision and dividing by the difference in the velocities of the colliding objects before the collision.
All of the following information was collected from the Matter and Interactions 4th Edition physics textbook. The book is cited as follows...
Chabay, Ruth W., and Bruce A. Sherwood. "Chapter 10: Collisions." Matter & Interactions. Fourth Edition ed. Wiley, 2015. 383-409. Print.
</div>
</div>
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
===Fields===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
* [[Electric Field]] of a
** [[Point Charge]]
** [[Electric Dipole]]
** [[Capacitor]]
** [[Charged Rod]]
** [[Charged Ring]]
** [[Charged Disk]]
** [[Charged Spherical Shell]]
** [[integrating the spherical shell]]
** [[Charged Cylinder]]
**[[A Solid Sphere Charged Throughout Its Volume]]
*[[Charge Density]]
*[[Superposition Principle]]
*[[Electric Potential]]
**[[Potential Difference Path Independence]]
**[[Potential Difference in a Uniform Field]]
**[[Potential Difference of point charge in a non-Uniform Field]]
**[[Potential Difference at One Location]]
**[[Sign of Potential Difference]]
**[[Potential Difference in an Insulator]]
**[[Energy Density and Electric Field]]
** [[Systems of Charged Objects]]
*[[Electric Force]]
*[[Polarization]]
**[[Polarization of an Atom]]
**[[Charged Conductor and Charged Insulator]]
**[[Polarization and Drift Speed]]
*[[Charge Motion in Metals]]
*[[Charge Transfer]]
**[[Electrostatic Discharge]]
*[[Magnetic Field]]
**[[Right-Hand Rule]]
**[[Direction of Magnetic Field]]
**[[Magnetic Field of a Long Straight Wire]]
**[[Magnetic Field of a Loop]]
**[[Magnetic Field of a Solenoid]]
**[[Bar Magnet]]
**[[Magnetic Dipole Moment]]
***[[Stern-Gerlach Experiment]]
**[[Magnetic Torque]]
**[[Magnetic Force]]
***[[Applying Magnetic Force to Currents]]
***[[Magnetic Force in a Moving Reference Frame]]
***[[The Hall Effect]]
**[[Earth's Magnetic Field]]
**[[Atomic Structure of Magnets]]
*[[Combining Electric and Magnetic Forces]]
**[[Hall Effect]]
**[[Lorentz Force]]
**[[Biot-Savart Law]]
**[[Biot-Savart Law for Currents]]
**[[Integration Techniques for Magnetic Field]]
**[[Sparks in Air]]
**[[Motional Emf]]
**[[Detecting a Magnetic Field]]
**[[Moving Point Charge]]
**[[Non-Coulomb Electric Field]]
**[[Electric Motors]]
**[[Solenoid Applications]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
===Simple Circuits===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Components]]
*[[Steady State]]
*[[Non Steady State]]
*[[Charging and Discharging a Capacitor]]
*[[Work and Power In A Circuit]]
*[[Thin and Thick Wires]]
*[[Node Rule]]
*[[Loop Rule]]
*[[Resistivity]]
*[[Power in a circuit]]
*[[Ammeters,Voltmeters,Ohmmeters]]
*[[Current]]
**[[AC]]
*[[Ohm's Law]]
*[[Series Circuits]]
*[[Parallel Circuits]]
*[[RC]]
*[[Parallel Circuits vs. Series Circuits]]
*[[AC vs DC]]
**[[Rectification (Converting AC to DC)]]
*[[Charge in a RC Circuit]]
*[[Current in a RC circuit]]
*[[Circular Loop of Wire]]
*[[Current in a RL Circuit]]
*[[Current in an LC Circuit]]
*[[RL Circuit]]
*[[Feedback]]
*[[Transformers (Circuits)]]
*[[Resistors and Conductivity]]
*[[Semiconductor Devices]]
*[[Insulators]]
*[[Volt]]
*[[Batteries]]
*[[Three Prong Circuits]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
===Maxwell's Equations===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Gauss's Flux Theorem]]
**[[Electric Fields]]
***[[Examples of Flux Through Surfaces and Objects]]
**[[Magnetic Fields]]
**[[Proof of Gauss's Law]]
*[[Ampere's Law]]
**[[Magnetic Field of Coaxial Cable Using Ampere's Law]]
**[[Magnetic Field of a Long Thick Wire Using Ampere's Law]]
**[[Magnetic Field of a Toroid Using Ampere's Law]]
**[[The Differential Form of Ampere's Law]]
*[[Faraday's Law]]
**[[Curly Electric Fields]]
**[[Inductance]]
***[[Transformers (Physics)]]
***[[Energy Density]]
**[[Lenz's Law]]
***[[Lenz Effect and the Jumping Ring]]
**[[Lenz's Rule]]
**[[Motional Emf using Faraday's Law]]
*[[Ampere-Maxwell Law]]
*[[Superconductors]]
**[[Meissner effect]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
===Radiation===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Producing a Radiative Electric Field]]
*[[Sinusoidal Electromagnetic Radiaton]]
*[[Lenses]]
*[[Energy and Momentum Analysis in Radiation]]
**[[Poynting Vector]]
*[[Electromagnetic Propagation]]
**[[Wavelength and Frequency]]
*[[Snell's Law]]
*[[Effects of Radiation on Matter]]
*[[Light Propagation Through a Medium]]
*[[Light Scaterring: Why is the Sky Blue]]
*[[Light Refraction: Bending of light]]
*[[Cherenkov Radiation]]
*[[Rayleigh Effect]]
*[[Image Formation]]
*[[Nuclear Energy from Fission and Fusion]]
</div>
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
===Sound===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Doppler Effect]]
*[[Nature, Behavior, and Properties of Sound]]
*[[Speed of Sound]]
*[[Resonance]]
*[[Sound Barrier]]
*[[Sound Propagation in Water]]
*[[Chladni Plates]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
===Waves===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Bragg's Law]]
*[[Standing waves]]
*[[Gravitational waves]]
*[[Plasma waves]]
*[[Wave-Particle Duality]]
*[[Electromagnetic Spectrum]]
*[[Color Light Wave]]
*[[X-Rays]]
*[[Rayleigh Wave]]
*[[Pendulum Motion]]
*[[Transverse and Longitudinal Waves]]
*[[Planck's Relation]]
*[[interference]]
*[[Polarization of Waves]]
*[[Angular Resolution]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
===Real Life Applications of Electromagnetic Principles===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Scanning Electron Microscopes]]
*[[Maglev Trains]]
*[[Spark Plugs]]
*[[Metal Detectors]]
*[[Speakers]]
*[[Radios]]
*[[Ampullae of Lorenzini]]
*[[Electrocytes]]
*[[Cyclotron]]
*[[Generator]]
*[[Using Capacitors to Measure Fluid Level]]
*[[Cyclotron]]
*[[Railgun]]
*[[Magnetic Resonance Imaging]]
*[[Electric Eels]]
*[[Windshield Wipers]]
*[[Galvanic Cells]]
*[[Electrolytic Cells]]
*[[Magnetoreception]]
*[[Memory Storage Devices]]
*[[Electric Pickups]]
*[[Inductive Sensors for Traffic Lights]]
*[[Multi-limbed Robotics]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
===Optics===
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Mirrors]]
*[[Refraction]]
*[[Quantum Properties of Light]]
*[[Lasers]]
*[[Lenses]]
*[[Dispersion and Scattering]]
*[[Telescopes]]
*[[Resolving Power]]
</div>
</div>
== Resources ==
* Commonly used wiki commands [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Cheatsheet Wiki Cheatsheet]
* A guide to representing equations in math mode [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Displaying_a_formula Wiki Math Mode]
* A page to keep track of all the physics [[Constants]]
* A page for review of [[Vectors]] and vector operations
</div>
<div style="float:left; border:thin solid blue; width:300px; padding:10px;">
==Physics 1==
===Week 1===
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Help with VPython====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[VPython]]
*[[VPython]]
Line 691: Line 67:


<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Vectors and Units====
====Vectors and Units====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Vectors]]
*[[Vectors]]
*[[SI Units]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>


<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Interactions====
====Interactions====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Types of Interactions and How to Detect Them]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Line 707: Line 87:
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Newton's First Law of Motion]]
*[[Newton's First Law of Motion]]
*[[Mass]]
*[[Velocity]]
*[[Velocity]]
*[[Speed and Velocity]]
*[[Speed]]
*[[Speed vs Velocity]]
*[[Relative Velocity]]
*[[Relative Velocity]]
*[[Derivation of Average Velocity]]
*[[Derivation of Average Velocity]]
Line 720: Line 102:
====Momentum and the Momentum Principle====
====Momentum and the Momentum Principle====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Momentum Principle]]
*[[Linear Momentum]]
*[[Newton's Second Law: the Momentum Principle]]
*[[Impulse and Momentum]]
*[[Net Force]]
*[[Inertia]]
*[[Acceleration]]
*[[Acceleration]]
*[[Relativistic Momentum]]
<!-- Kinematics and Projectile Motion relocated to Week 3 per advice of Dr. Greco -->
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>


<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Iterative Prediction with a Constant Force====
====Iterative Prediction with a Constant Force====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Newton's Second Law of Motion]]
*[[Iterative Prediction]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
===Week 3===
===Week 3===
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Analytic Prediction with a Constant Force====
====Analytic Prediction with a Constant Force====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<!-- *[[Analytical Prediction]] Deprecated -->
*[[Kinematics]]
*[[Projectile Motion]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>


<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Iterative Prediction with a Varying Force====
====Iterative Prediction with a Varying Force====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Spring Force]]
*[[Fundamentals of Iterative Prediction with Varying Force]]
*[[Spring_Force]]
*[[Simple Harmonic Motion]]
*[[Simple Harmonic Motion]]
<!--*[[Hooke's Law]] folded into simple harmonic motion-->
<!--*[[Spring Force]] folded into simple harmonic motion-->
*[[Iterative Prediction of Spring-Mass System]]
*[[Terminal Speed]]
*[[Terminal Speed]]
*[[Predicting Change in multiple dimensions]]
*[[Two Dimensional Harmonic Motion]]
*[[Determinism]]
*[[Determinism]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
===Week 4===
===Week 4===
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
Line 752: Line 154:
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Gravitational Force]]
*[[Gravitational Force]]
*[[Gravitational Force Near Earth]]
*[[Gravitational Force in Space and Other Applications]]
*[[3 or More Body Interactions]]
<!--[[Fluid Mechanics]]-->
*[[Electric Force]]
*[[Introduction to Magnetic Force]]
*[[Strong and Weak Force]]
*[[Reciprocity]]
*[[Conservation of Momentum]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
===Week 5===
===Week 5===
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Conservation of Momentum====
====Properties of Matter====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Conservation of Momentum]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
 
====Properties of Solids====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Kinds of Matter]]
*[[Kinds of Matter]]
**[[Ball and Spring Model of Matter]]
*[[Ball and Spring Model of Matter]]
*[[Density]]
*[[Length and Stiffness of an Interatomic Bond]]
*[[Length and Stiffness of an Interatomic Bond]]
*[[Young's Modulus]]
*[[Young's Modulus]]
*[[Speed of Sound in Solids]]
*[[Speed of Sound in Solids]]
*[[Malleability]]
*[[Ductility]]
*[[Weight]]
*[[Hardness]]
*[[Boiling Point]]
*[[Melting Point]]
*[[Change of State]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Line 777: Line 190:
====Identifying Forces====
====Identifying Forces====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
====Isabel Hollhumer F24====
*[[Free Body Diagram]]
*[[Free Body Diagram]]
*[[Inclined Plane]]
*[[Compression or Normal Force]]
*[[Tension]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Curving Motion====
====Curving Motion====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
Line 791: Line 209:
===Week 7===
===Week 7===
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Jeet Bhatkar====
====Energy Principle====
====Energy Principle====
The Energy Principle is a fundamental concept in physics that describes the relationship between different forms of energy and their conservation within a system. Understanding the Energy Principle is crucial for analyzing the motion and interactions of objects in various physical scenarios.
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Kinetic Energy]]
Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion.
*[[Work/Energy]]
Potential energy arises from the position of an object relative to its surroundings. Common forms of potential energy include gravitational potential energy and elastic potential energy.
*[[The Energy Principle]]
*[[The Energy Principle]]
Work and energy are closely related concepts. Work (
𝑊) done on an object is defined as the force (
𝐹) applied to the object multiplied by the displacement (
𝑑) of the object in the direction of the force:
The Energy Principle states that the total mechanical energy of a system remains constant if only conservative forces (forces that depend only on the positions of the objects) are acting on the system.
*[[Conservation of Energy]]
*[[Conservation of Energy]]
The principle of conservation of energy states that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant over time. In other words, energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another. This principle is a fundamental concept in physics and has wide-ranging applications in mechanics, thermodynamics, and other branches of science.
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Line 802: Line 234:
====Work by Non-Constant Forces====
====Work by Non-Constant Forces====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Work Done By A Nonconstant Force]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Line 808: Line 241:
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Potential Energy]]
*[[Potential Energy]]
*[[Potential Energy of a Multiparticle System]]
*[[Potential Energy of Macroscopic Springs]]
*[[Potential Energy of Macroscopic Springs]]
*[[Spring Potential Energy]]
*[[Ball and Spring Model]]
*[[Gravitational Potential Energy]]
*[[Gravitational Potential Energy]]
*[[Energy Graphs]]
*[[Escape Velocity]]
*[[Escape Velocity]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
===Week 9===
===Week 9===
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
Line 820: Line 256:
*[[Center of Mass]]
*[[Center of Mass]]
*[[Multi-particle analysis of Momentum]]
*[[Multi-particle analysis of Momentum]]
*[[Potential Energy of a Multiparticle System]]
*[[Work and Energy for an Extended System]]
*[[Internal Energy]]
**[[Potential Energy of a Pair of Neutral Atoms]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Line 827: Line 267:
====Choice of System====
====Choice of System====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[System & Surroundings]]  
*[[System & Surroundings]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Forms of Energy====
====Thermal Energy, Dissipation, and Transfer of Energy====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Thermal Energy]]
*[[Thermal Energy]]
*[[Specific Heat]]
*[[Calorific Value(Heat of combustion)]]
*[[First Law of Thermodynamics]]
*[[Second Law of Thermodynamics and Entropy]]
*[[Temperature]]
*[[Transformation of Energy]]
*[[The Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution]]
*[[Air Resistance]]
*[[The Third Law of Thermodynamics]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Rotational and Vibrational Energy====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Translational, Rotational and Vibrational Energy]]
*[[Rolling Motion]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
===Week 11===
===Week 11===
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Different Models of a System====
====Different Models of a System====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Point Particle Systems]]
*[[Real Systems]]
*[[Real Systems]]
*[[Point Particle Systems]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
 
====Friction====
====Models of Friction====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Friction]]
*[[Friction]]
*[[Static Friction]]
*[[Static Friction]]
*[[Kinetic Friction]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
===Week 12===
===Week 12===
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Conservation of Momentum====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Conservation of Momentum]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Collisions====
====Collisions====
Line 868: Line 333:
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
===Week 13===
===Week 13===
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Rotations====
====Rotations====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Rotation]]
*[[Rotational Kinematics]]
*[[Angular Velocity]]
*[[Eulerian Angles]]
*[[Eulerian Angles]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Angular Momentum====
====Angular Momentum====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
Line 884: Line 350:
*[[Rotational Angular Momentum]]
*[[Rotational Angular Momentum]]
*[[The Angular Momentum Principle]]
*[[The Angular Momentum Principle]]
*[[Angular Momentum Compared to Linear Momentum]]
*[[Angular Impulse]]
*[[Angular Impulse]]
*[[Predicting the Position of a Rotating System]]
*[[Predicting the Position of a Rotating System]]
*[[The Moments of Inertia]]
*[[The Moments of Inertia]]
*[[Moment of Inertia for a cylinder]]
*[[Right Hand Rule]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
===Week 14===
===Week 14===
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
Line 903: Line 369:
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
===Week 15===
===Week 15===
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
Line 908: Line 375:
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Bohr Model]]
*[[Bohr Model]]
*[[Energy graphs and the Bohr model]]
*[[Quantized energy levels]]
*[[Quantized energy levels]]
*[[Electron transitions]]
*[[Entropy]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>


</div>
<div style="float:left; width:30%; padding:1%;">


<div style="float:left; border:thin solid blue; width:300px; padding:10px;">
==Physics 2==
==Physics 2==
===Week 1===
===Week 1===
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====3D Vectors====
====3D Vectors====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Vectors]]
*[[Vectors]]
Line 927: Line 398:


<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Electric field====
====Electric field====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Electric Field]]
*[[Electric Field]]
*[[Electric Field and Electric Potential]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>


<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Electric force====
====Electric force====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
Line 942: Line 416:


<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Electric field of a point particle====
====Electric field of a point particle====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
Line 949: Line 424:


<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Superposition====
====Superposition====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
Line 957: Line 433:


<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Dipoles====
====Dipoles====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Electric Dipole]]
*[[Electric Dipole]]
*[[Magnetic Dipole]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Line 993: Line 471:
===Week 3===
===Week 3===
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Insulators====
====Conductors and Insulators====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Conductivity and Resistivity]]
*[[Insulators]]
*[[Insulators]]
*[[Potential Difference in an Insulator]]
*[[Potential Difference in an Insulator]]
*[[Charged Conductor and Charged Insulator]]
*[[Conductors]]
*[[Charged conductor and charged insulator]]
*[[Polarization of a conductor]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>


<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Conductors====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Conductivity]]
*[[Charge Transfer]]
*[[Resistivity]]
*[[Polarization of a conductor]]
*[[Charged Conductor and Charged Insulator]]
*[[Charged conductor and charged insulator]]
</div>
</div>


<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Charging and Discharging====
====Charging and discharging====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Charge Transfer]]
*[[Charge Transfer]]
*[[Electrostatic Discharge]]
*[[Electrostatic Discharge]]
*[[Charged Conductor and Charged Insulator]]
*[[Charged Conductor and Charged Insulator]]
*[[Charged conductor and charged insulator]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Line 1,028: Line 495:
====Field of a charged rod====
====Field of a charged rod====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Charged Rod]]
*[[Field of a Charged Rod|Charged Rod]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>


<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Field of a charged ring/disk/capacitor====
====Field of a charged ring/disk/capacitor====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Charged Ring]]
*[[Charged Ring]]
*[[Charged Disk]]
*[[Charged Disk]]
*[[Charged Capacitor]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Line 1,057: Line 526:


<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Electric potential====
====Electric potential====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Electric Potential]]
*[[Electric Potential]]
*[[Path Independence of Electric Potential]]
*[[Path Independence of Electric Potential]]
*[[Potential DIfference Path Independence]]
*[[Potential Difference Path Independence, claimed by Aditya Mohile]]  
*[[Potential Difference in a Uniform Field]]
*[[Potential Difference in a Uniform Field]]
*[[Potential Difference of Point Charge in a Non-Uniform Field]]
*[[Potential Difference of Point Charge in a Non-Uniform Field]]
Line 1,085: Line 555:
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Path Independence of Electric Potential]]
*[[Path Independence of Electric Potential]]
*[[Potential DIfference Path Independence]]
*[[Potential Difference Path Independence, claimed by Aditya Mohile]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Line 1,094: Line 564:
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Potential Difference in an Insulator]]
*[[Potential Difference in an Insulator]]
*[[Electric Field in an Insulator]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Line 1,112: Line 583:
</div>
</div>
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Moving charges, electron current, and conventional current====
====Moving charges, electron current, and conventional current====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Moving Point Charge]]
*[[Moving Point Charge]]
*[[Curent]]
*[[Current]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Line 1,124: Line 596:
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Magnetic Field of a Long Straight Wire]]
*[[Magnetic Field of a Long Straight Wire]]
*[[Magnetic Field of a Curved Wire]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>


<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Magnetic field of a current-carrying loop====
====Magnetic field of a current-carrying loop====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Magnetic Field of a Loop]]
*[[Magnetic Field of a Loop]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Magnetic field of a Charged Disk====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Magnetic Field of a Disk]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Line 1,151: Line 632:
===Week 8===
===Week 8===
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Circuitry Basics====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Understanding Fundamentals of Current, Voltage, and Resistance]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Steady state current====
====Steady state current====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
Line 1,159: Line 649:


<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Node rule====
====Kirchoff's Laws====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Node Rule]]
*[[Kirchoff's Laws]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Line 1,168: Line 658:
====Electric fields and energy in circuits====
====Electric fields and energy in circuits====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Series circuit]]
*[[Electric Potential Difference]]
*[[Node Rule]]
*[[Loop Rule]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>


<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Macroscopic analysis of circuits====
====Macroscopic analysis of circuits====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Series Circuits]]
*[[Series Circuits]]
*[[Parallel CIrcuits]]
*[[Parallel Circuits]]
*[[Parallel Circuits vs. Series Circuits*]]
*[[Parallel Circuits vs. Series Circuits*]]
*[[Loop Rule]]
*[[Loop Rule]]
*[[Node Rule]]
*[[Node Rule]]
*[[Fundamentals of Resistance]]
*[[Problem Solving]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Line 1,190: Line 681:
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Charging and Discharging a Capacitor]]
*[[Charging and Discharging a Capacitor]]
*[[RC Circuit]]
*[[RC Circuit]]
*[[R Circuit]]
*[[AC and DC]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
Line 1,199: Line 692:
*[[Magnetic Force]]
*[[Magnetic Force]]
*[[Lorentz Force]]
*[[Lorentz Force]]
*[[Motors and Generators]]
*[[Applying Magnetic Force to Currents]]
*[[Applying Magnetic Force to Currents]]
*[[Magnetic Force in a Moving Reference Frame]]
*[[Magnetic Force in a Moving Reference Frame]]
*[[Right-Hand Rule]]
*[[Right-Hand Rule]]
*[[Analysis of Railgun vs Coil gun technologies]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>


<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Electric and magnetic forces====
====Electric and magnetic forces====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
Line 1,211: Line 707:
*[[Magnetic Force]]
*[[Magnetic Force]]
*[[Lorentz Force]]
*[[Lorentz Force]]
*[[VPython Modelling of Electric and Magnetic Forces]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>


<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Velocity selector====
====Velocity selector====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
Line 1,224: Line 722:
===Week 10===
===Week 10===
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====The Hall effect====
 
====Hall Effect====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Hall Effect]]
*[[Hall Effect]]
*[[Right-Hand Rule]]
*[[Right-Hand Rule]]
*[[Polarization]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Motional EMF====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Motional Emf]]
*[[Motional Emf]]
*[[Motional Emf using Faraday's Law]]
*[[Magnetic Force]]
</div>
*[[Magnetic Torque]]
</div>
</div>


<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Magnetic force====
====Magnetic force====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
Line 1,294: Line 785:
*[[Motional Emf using Faraday's Law]]
*[[Motional Emf using Faraday's Law]]
*[[Lenz's Law]]
*[[Lenz's Law]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>


<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Maxwell's equations====
====Maxwell's equations====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
Line 1,317: Line 810:


<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Inductors====
====Inductors====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Inductors]]
*[[Inductors]]
*[[Current in an LC Circuit]]
*[[Current in an LC Circuit]]
*[[Current in an RL Circuit]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>


===Week 15===
===Week 15===
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
==== Electromagnetic Radiation ====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Electromagnetic Radiation]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Sparks in the air====
====Sparks in the air====
Line 1,343: Line 845:
</div>
</div>


<div style="float:left; border:thin solid blue; width:300px; padding:10px;">
<div style="float:left; width:30%; padding:1%;">
 
==Physics 3==
==Physics 3==
===Week 1===
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Classical Physics====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Classical Physics]]
</div>
</div>
[[Category:Which Category did you place this in?]]
===Weeks 2 and 3===
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Special Relativity and the Lorentz Transformation====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Frame of Reference]]
*[[Einstein's Theory of Special Relativity]]
*[[Time Dilation]]
*[[Lorentz Transformations]]
*[[Relativistic Doppler Effect]]
*[[Einstein's Theory of General Relativity]]
*[[Albert A. Micheleson & Edward W. Morley]]
*[[Magnetic Force in a Moving Reference Frame]]
</div>
</div>
===Week 4===
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Photons and the Photoelectric Effect====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Spontaneous Photon Emission]]
*[[Light Scattering]]
*[[Lasers]]
*[[Electronic Energy Levels and Photons]]
*[[Quantum Properties of Light]]
*[[The Photoelectric Effect]]
</div>
</div>
===Weeks 5 and 6===
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Matter Waves and Wave-Particle Duality====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Wave-Particle Duality]]
*[[Particle in a 1-Dimensional box]]
*[[Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle]]
</div>
</div>
===Week 7===
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Wave Mechanics====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Standing Waves]]
*[[Wavelength]]
*[[Wavelength and Frequency]]
*[[Mechanical Waves]]
*[[Transverse and Longitudinal Waves]]
*[[Fourier Series and Transform]]
</div>
</div>
===Week 8===
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Schrödinger Equation====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[The Born Rule]]
*[[Solution for a Single Free Particle]]
*[[Solution for a Single Particle in an Infinite Quantum Well - Darin]]
*[[Solution for a Single Particle in a Semi-Infinite Quantum Well]]
*[[Quantum Harmonic Oscillator]]
*[[Solution for Simple Harmonic Oscillator]]
</div>
</div>
===Week 9===
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Quantum Mechanics====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Quantum Tunneling through Potential Barriers]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====The Hydrogen Atom====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Quantum Theory]]
*[[Atomic Theory]]
</div>
</div>
===Week 10===
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Rutherford-Bohr Model====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Rutherford Experiment and Atomic Collisions]]
*[[Bohr Model]]
*[[Quantized energy levels]]
*[[Energy graphs and the Bohr model]]
</div>
</div>
===Week 11===
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Many-Electron Atoms====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Quantum Theory]]
*[[Atomic Theory]]
*[[Pauli exclusion principle]]
</div>
</div>
===Week 12===
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====The Nucleus====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Nucleus]]
</div>
</div>
===Week 13===
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Molecules====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Molecules]]
*[[Covalent Bonds]]
</div>
</div>
===Week 14===
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Statistical Physics====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Application of Statistics in Physics]]
</div>
</div>
===Week 15===
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Statistical Physics====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Temperature & Entropy]]
</div>
</div>
===Additional Topics===
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Condensed Matter Physics====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
</div>
</div>
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Nuclear Physics====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Nuclear Fission]]
*[[Nuclear Energy from Fission and Fusion]]
</div>
</div>
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Particle Physics====
<div class="mw-collapsible-content">
*[[Elementary Particles and Particle Physics Theory]]
*[[String Theory]]
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>

Latest revision as of 08:32, 4 October 2024

Georgia Tech Student Wiki for Introductory Physics.

This resource was created so that students can contribute and curate content to help those with limited or no access to a textbook. When reading this website, please correct any errors you may come across. If you read something that isn't clear, please consider revising it for future students!

Looking to make a contribution?

  1. Pick one of the topics from intro physics listed below
  2. Add content to that topic or improve the quality of what is already there.
  3. Need to make a new topic? Edit this page and add it to the list under the appropriate category. Then copy and paste the default Template into your new page and start editing.

Please remember that this is not a textbook and you are not limited to expressing your ideas with only text and equations. Whenever possible embed: pictures, videos, diagrams, simulations, computational models (e.g. Glowscript), and whatever content you think makes learning physics easier for other students.

Source Material

All of the content added to this resource must be in the public domain or similar free resource. If you are unsure about a source, contact the original author for permission. That said, there is a surprisingly large amount of introductory physics content scattered across the web. Here is an incomplete list of intro physics resources (please update as needed).

  • A physics resource written by experts for an expert audience Physics Portal
  • A wiki written for students by a physics expert MSU Physics Wiki
  • A wiki book on modern physics Modern Physics Wiki
  • A collection of 26 volumes of lecture notes by Prof. Wheeler of Reed College [1]
  • The MIT open courseware for intro physics MITOCW Wiki
  • An online concept map of intro physics HyperPhysics
  • Interactive physics simulations PhET
  • OpenStax intro physics textbooks: Vol1, Vol2, Vol3
  • The Open Source Physics project is a collection of online physics resources OSP
  • A resource guide compiled by the AAPT for educators ComPADRE
  • The Feynman lectures on physics are free to read Feynman
  • Final Study Guide for Modern Physics II created by a lab TA Modern Physics II Final Study Guide

Resources


Physics 1

Week 1

GlowScript 101

VPython

Vectors and Units

Interactions

Velocity and Momentum

Week 2

Momentum and the Momentum Principle

Iterative Prediction with a Constant Force

Week 3

Analytic Prediction with a Constant Force

Iterative Prediction with a Varying Force

Week 4

Fundamental Interactions

Week 5

Properties of Matter

Week 6

Identifying Forces

Isabel Hollhumer F24

Curving Motion

Week 7

Jeet Bhatkar

Energy Principle

The Energy Principle is a fundamental concept in physics that describes the relationship between different forms of energy and their conservation within a system. Understanding the Energy Principle is crucial for analyzing the motion and interactions of objects in various physical scenarios.

Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion.

Potential energy arises from the position of an object relative to its surroundings. Common forms of potential energy include gravitational potential energy and elastic potential energy.

Work and energy are closely related concepts. Work ( 𝑊) done on an object is defined as the force ( 𝐹) applied to the object multiplied by the displacement ( 𝑑) of the object in the direction of the force: The Energy Principle states that the total mechanical energy of a system remains constant if only conservative forces (forces that depend only on the positions of the objects) are acting on the system.

The principle of conservation of energy states that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant over time. In other words, energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another. This principle is a fundamental concept in physics and has wide-ranging applications in mechanics, thermodynamics, and other branches of science.

Week 8

Work by Non-Constant Forces

Potential Energy

Week 9

Multiparticle Systems

Week 10

Choice of System

Thermal Energy, Dissipation, and Transfer of Energy

Rotational and Vibrational Energy

Week 11

Different Models of a System

Friction

Week 12

Conservation of Momentum

Collisions

Week 13

Rotations

Angular Momentum

Week 14

Analyzing Motion with and without Torque

Week 15

Introduction to Quantum Concepts

Physics 2

Week 1

3D Vectors

Electric field

Electric force

Electric field of a point particle

Superposition

Dipoles

Week 2

Interactions of charged objects

Tape experiments

Polarization

Week 3

Conductors and Insulators

Charging and Discharging

Week 4

Field of a charged rod

Field of a charged ring/disk/capacitor

Field of a charged sphere

Week 5

Potential energy

Electric potential

Sign of a potential difference

Potential at a single location

Path independence and round trip potential

Week 6

Electric field and potential in an insulator

Moving charges in a magnetic field

Biot-Savart Law

Moving charges, electron current, and conventional current

Week 7

Magnetic field of a wire

Magnetic field of a current-carrying loop

Magnetic field of a Charged Disk

Magnetic dipoles

Atomic structure of magnets

Week 8

Circuitry Basics

Steady state current

Kirchoff's Laws

Electric fields and energy in circuits

Macroscopic analysis of circuits

Week 9

Electric field and potential in circuits with capacitors

Magnetic forces on charges and currents

Electric and magnetic forces

Velocity selector

Week 10

Hall Effect

Magnetic force

Magnetic torque

Week 12

Gauss's Law

Ampere's Law

Week 13

Semiconductors

Faraday's Law

Maxwell's equations

Week 14

Circuits revisited

Inductors

Week 15

Electromagnetic Radiation

Sparks in the air

Superconductors

Physics 3

Week 1

Classical Physics

Weeks 2 and 3

Special Relativity and the Lorentz Transformation

Week 4

Photons and the Photoelectric Effect

Weeks 5 and 6

Matter Waves and Wave-Particle Duality

Week 7

Wave Mechanics

Week 8

Schrödinger Equation

Week 9

Quantum Mechanics

The Hydrogen Atom

Week 10

Rutherford-Bohr Model

Week 11

Many-Electron Atoms

Week 12

The Nucleus

Week 13

Molecules

Week 14

Statistical Physics

Week 15

Statistical Physics

Additional Topics

Condensed Matter Physics

Nuclear Physics

Particle Physics

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